Education may be one of the most anxious topics for parents in China. When we get together, when it comes to children's learning, almost no one is not sighing. They all feel that the burden of children has reached the point where even parents complain. But at the same time, everyone feels that they can only bite their teeth and follow up, because no one wants their children to lose. For many years, we have been calling for reducing the burden of primary and secondary education, but now it seems to be "more and more negative", and the weight of children's schoolbags has not been reduced at all. Why?

"Increasing the burden" expresses parents' desire to break the educational imbalance and pursue quality education, which is a last resort. Therefore, the ineffective implementation of the "burden reduction order" is hindered by many factors such as parents' behavior, school differences, and the rise of training courses. However, behind the apparent direct cause is the imbalance of educational resources in the whole society. The more "reducing the burden", the more anxious parents are.

According to subjective and objective criteria, associate researcher of Shanghai Institute of Educational Science Research and Intelligence Development.

The schoolwork burden can be divided into two categories: too long homework time and insufficient sleep time; Subjective burden is manifested in students' great learning pressure, improper learning methods and lack of self-confidence. There are specific reference standards for objective burden, but how to judge subjective burden? The survey shows that, on the whole, the psychological burden that students feel is inversely proportional to their academic performance-students with relatively good academic performance are more likely to feel relaxed in the learning process, while students with unsatisfactory academic performance are more psychologically stressed. The survey found that parents who work in administrative units and engage in enterprise management and technology generally have higher expectations for their children than self-employed, migrant farmers and unemployed parents, hoping that their children will acquire skills and cultivate hobbies in extracurricular study, rather than following the trend for a single school goal. The results of this survey reflect two phenomena-the middle class panics and the bottom class gives up. It can be seen that students' schoolwork burden is not only linked to the study time, but also closely related to parents' ideas, students' learning ability and learning mentality.

Why does the burden reduction in education fall into this dilemma?

We must admit that the selectivity of higher education still exists. At present, the competition in the national college entrance examination is fierce, and the undergraduate diploma still contains gold. At present, many families in China are still trying their best to train the first generation of college students. This group believes in fair opportunities for upward mobility through fierce academic competition. To some extent, they admit that the academic burden is the price that must be paid for upward mobility. They have no shortcuts, relying on the thorny climbing rope of "taking the exam", and "reducing the burden" is not even their proposition. The so-called Hengshui phenomenon shows that the demand for "cultivating the first generation of college students" is practical and huge. This group has a weak voice on public issues, but it should not be ignored. Therefore, the policy of "reducing the burden" has not formed the consensus of all the people in China. Those responsible schools, teachers and parents are taking action and dare not relax.

Although some local education departments have issued documents this year to vigorously rectify various subject tutoring institutions, illegal remedial classes are still hot and have been transferred from the previous public to the "underground". Making up lessons in violation of regulations reflects the complex mentality and realistic needs of parents, students and teachers.

Education and medical care are the only two areas that have not been touched during the reform and opening up period, because they are worried about affecting social welfare and fairness, but as a result, many problems have appeared in recent years. China's public education bears too many educational responsibilities by depressing teachers' income, and the length of working hours is not directly proportional to their labor input, so that Shanghai has introduced primary and secondary school teachers from Anhui and other places in recent years, but the monthly salary of about 6,000 yuan in Shanghai is only equivalent to the average wage level of the whole city, and there is little left after renting a house. Educational reform (reducing the burden, prohibiting teachers from making up lessons, doing happy education, weakening the selection for exams, etc.). ) further disrupted the original education market, resulting in public schools having to find another way to run private schools to ensure the quality of education and their own interests. In the end, it only proves one thing: no matter how it changes, famous schools and upper-middle class families will definitely have better coping measures and resources.

Therefore, when it comes to reducing the burden, it is unscientific to only do "subtraction" without "addition". It is necessary to reduce students' heavy, single, monotonous and passive burden of knowledge learning, and at the same time increase time and space for social practice, reading and personalized learning that students have long lacked.

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