First, the benefits:

The most prominent feature of Athens education is the implementation of physical, intellectual, aesthetic and moral education to cultivate people with harmonious development of body and mind. In Athens, besides military, physical education and political education, there are more intellectual education contents, and aesthetic education is emphasized. Physical training also includes many purposes, including military value, health value, aesthetic value and moral value.

Second, the shortcomings:

1. Education in Athens is only for slave owners, and exploited slaves are not qualified for education. What slaves should do is to continue working, so as to improve the life of slave owners. From this point of view, the harmonious education in Athens is not aimed at the people of the whole country, but only at the education of a few people.

2. Although Athens education is called "all-round development", most of the knowledge it teaches is based on abstract human thinking, and it only explores the road of human development from the perspective of social superstructure. Their common shortcoming is that they study human development without studying the most basic practical activities of human beings.

Education in Athens separated theory from productive labor. The neglect of labor in Athens essentially limits the sound development of the spirit of the exploiting class's descendants, and it is impossible to form real harmony by ignoring manual labor.

The purpose of Athens education:

The purpose of Athens education is to cultivate the children of the ruling class into people who can develop harmoniously physically and mentally and fulfill their civic obligations. It not only trains them into strong soldiers, but also requires them to become politicians and businessmen with cultural accomplishment and various talents. As a politician, you must be good at making speeches, winning people's support and dealing with political affairs after taking office.

As a businessman, you should also have the corresponding knowledge. Therefore, the content of Athens education is much richer than that of Sparta, which only practiced military sports training, and the educational methods are much more flexible and vivid than Sparta.