The content of teachers' professionalism: professionalism is the basic rational value orientation that teachers should have, such as ideal pursuit, moral norms and ethical requirements, and it is the spiritual motivation to guide teachers to devote themselves to education. Teachers' professionalization includes educational ideas, professional attitudes and teachers' morality.
1. Educational concept
Educational concept refers to teachers' personal educational concept and rational belief based on their understanding and experience in educational work. Teachers' educational idea is the embodiment of personal educational ideal and the basis of teachers' basic educational judgment. Whether teachers have their own concept of educational career is often an important basis for judging professionals and non-professionals
2. Professional attitude
Professional attitude is the cognition, evaluation and behavior tendency of specific objects of professional activities formed under the control of certain professional consciousness. It can play an important role in guiding and standardizing teachers' behavior, and has a subtle influence on the formation and transformation of students' attitudes.
Specifically, teachers should establish professionalism and sense of responsibility, and turn this professionalism into an integral part of individual life, reflecting strong vitality; Establish a sense of service, and make it clear that teachers are not executors of public power, moral judges or spokesmen of truth, but should provide spiritual and knowledge services for social and personal development; Teachers should also constantly improve and improve the quality of their work, improve their professional ability and quality, pursue the highest realization of teachers' value, form a development orientation of unity of specialty and life, and promote the harmonious development of teachers' own personality quality.
3. Teachers' morality
The educational function of teachers to students is not only to attend classes, but also to teach by example. Only by setting an example in terms of professional ethics, personality cultivation, and dealing with others can we become a teacher with a position in students' minds.
Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen teachers' professionalism and sense of professional responsibility, improve work enthusiasm, and form a good fashion of professionalism, diligence, innovation and selfless dedication; We should constantly enrich and improve teachers' morality and highlight the function of educating people. Teacher? Optimize the image of teachers; Understand teachers' profession, establish teachers' professional ethics, and form a sense of professional ethics that is responsible for all students and respects each student's personality and differences.
Contents of teachers' professional quality: Professional knowledge Teachers' professional knowledge is the practical knowledge that teachers have obtained in teacher education and educational practice and directly affects the educational process. In the new century, there will be higher requirements for teachers' professional knowledge structure, which is no longer limited to the simple combination of subject knowledge and pedagogy knowledge, but should emphasize the multi-level structural characteristics. Teachers' professional knowledge mainly includes subject knowledge, practical knowledge and educational knowledge.
1. Subject knowledge
Teachers should master something? Subject knowledge? . On the premise that teachers' general academic qualifications reach the standard, most teachers' professional knowledge is not a big problem, but there is still a problem of keeping pace with the times. Every once in a while, their knowledge will age and need to be constantly recharged and updated.
First of all, teachers should be familiar with the basic knowledge and structure of a given subject curriculum, understand the basic subject teaching methods and their applicable conditions, and understand the development history and current development trend of subject education; Secondly, teachers should master certain skills? Course knowledge? That is, how the subject knowledge is embodied in the curriculum of primary and secondary schools. Teachers should understand the curriculum objectives and standards of the subjects they teach and form the guiding ideology about curriculum and teaching. Third, what qualities should teachers have? Integrate knowledge? That is, in addition to the systematic knowledge of a certain discipline, it pays attention to the cross-infiltration with other disciplines, has interdisciplinary knowledge, and can integrate knowledge with problem-solving as the center.
2. Personal knowledge
Teachers can form and accumulate rich personal experience in teaching practice, be good at summing up and using personal experience in the process of education, flexibly use principled knowledge, and integrate general education with teaching. Theoretical knowledge? Personal relationship with the teacher? Practical knowledge? Integrate the general theory, make it adapt to specific application scenarios, and integrate with individual personality characteristics (emotions, knowledge, concepts, values, etc.). ) to improve personal education concept.
3. Educational knowledge
To be a good teacher, necessary educational knowledge is necessary.
First of all, teachers should know the basic knowledge about education. Understand the important practice in the history of educational development, be familiar with the essence of Chinese and foreign educational thoughts, and gain experience related to educational and teaching activities; Understand the main ideas and practices of contemporary educational reform, pay attention to the educational reform that reflects the needs of the times, and discuss, put forward and carry out educational reform practices that are suitable for students' reality. Secondly, teachers should be familiar with the knowledge of students' individual growth, understand the stages, generation, uncertainty, richness and difference of students' development, and grasp students' personality characteristics; Familiar with the knowledge of student group development, master the interaction and communication between students; Understand the knowledge about the development of special students, and ensure targeted education and teaching for special students while paying attention to ordinary students. Third, teachers should also form a basic understanding of educational research. Familiar with the basic processes and methods of education and teaching research, and master the basic norms of education and teaching research; Understand the research progress of the subjects taught and related disciplines, and conduct educational research in combination with educational and teaching practice; Learn advanced educational technology, and use it to constantly improve teaching means and methods to improve teaching effect.
The content of teachers' professional quality: professional ability The professional ability of teachers is the main body for teachers to organize educational activities and exert purposeful influence on students? Action? Ability. These abilities are embodied and guaranteed to be carried out effectively through educational activities, mainly including: teaching ability (teaching design ability, teaching implementation ability, teaching evaluation ability), organization and management ability and scientific research ability.
1. Teaching ability
On the basis of understanding the subject curriculum objectives, teachers can set the teaching objectives according to the teaching content, choose the educational content according to the subject curriculum standards, develop the curriculum resources, design the teaching, compile the teaching plan, understand the characteristics and educational significance of the subjects they teach, and have the basic ability to master the teaching materials and finally form the teaching design. Teachers can reasonably choose and use teaching methods according to the teaching purpose, effectively carry out teaching activities, have the basic ability to use educational technology and integrate educational technology with subject curriculum content, and finally form teaching implementation ability; Can evaluate students' learning, evaluate other teachers' educational behaviors and provide relevant suggestions, can evaluate and reflect on their own educational decisions, behaviors, abilities and attitudes, have the basic skills and abilities of teaching evaluation, and form the ability of teaching evaluation.
2. Organizational management ability
Teachers should master modern management theories and strategies, have the ability to organize classroom teaching, organize and manage various forms of learning or inquiry activities in the process of education, standardize students' behavior, ensure the smooth progress of educational activities and ensure students' collective learning; Teachers should have the ability to manage classes or other student groups, such as organizing construction, organizing collective activities, organizing daily management, etc., to form a collective that is conducive to the development of all students, and to teach students to rely on the collective, participate in the collective, and learn to cooperate to ensure the collective life of students; Teachers should have the ability to design educational activities and organize extracurricular activities, and be able to organize and coordinate the relationship between social education, family education and school education, form a joint educational effort, and ensure students' collective practice.
3. Scientific research ability
Teachers should learn to learn in teaching, think and explore their own teaching in teaching, realize research-based teaching and teach in research; Teachers should be good at observing the problems and phenomena in educational practice, be diligent in reflecting on the substantive things behind these problems and phenomena, be good at summarizing and studying, and form the ability to extract, analyze and solve problems from educational phenomena; Teachers should have the ability to constantly reflect and improve education and teaching practice, the ability to carry out professional learning purposefully and in a planned way, and the ability to engage in extensive learning, cooperate and share learning in practice.
Contents of teachers' professional quality: Professional practice Teachers' professional practice is the common practice of teachers and students to organize and guide students' cognition and realize teaching objectives, and it is the externalized form of teachers' professional quality. If a teacher only has professional knowledge, professionalism and professional ability, and does not practice professionally, it means doing nothing.
Teachers' clear teaching behavior and flexible teaching methods can effectively mobilize students' learning enthusiasm; Be able to carry out teaching activities around teaching tasks in class and strive to establish a harmonious relationship between teachers and students; Have positive expectations for students, realize what students care about and need, pay close attention to students' learning process, and let students actively participate in teaching activities and be responsible for their own learning; Can grasp students' learning situation and problems in class in time, and can adjust their teaching rhythm and teaching behavior accordingly.
In a word, the above four elements are the standard and target system of teachers' professional development. They are not simply juxtaposed, but interact, influence each other and together form a complex structure of teachers' professional development system, which is a constantly changing and developing trend. Every teacher should formulate corresponding development goals and improvement measures according to his own shortcomings, implement diagnosis under the guidance of experts, and constantly improve, so as to promote every teacher to achieve targeted professional development.
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