. 1 psychological nursing
After systematic clinical treatment, patients with cerebral hemorrhage have physical and language dysfunction, and their appearance and morphological changes are difficult to recover in a short time, which will make patients feel depressed, depressed and pessimistic. Show irritability, shyness and other behavioral characteristics. Nurses should be considerate and concerned about patients as much as possible, give more comfort, inspiration and encouragement, introduce some cases with better functional recovery, and stimulate patients' confidence in overcoming diseases. At the same time, arrange some suitable activities according to the condition. Such as watching TV, playing chess, listening to the radio, etc., make patients feel full of life and eliminate loneliness, thus strengthening their confidence in overcoming disability and keeping their body and mind in the best state.
3.2 diet care
Patients with cerebral hemorrhage in convalescence should have a light diet, low fat, moderate protein, high vitamins and fiber, eat less and more meals, do not eat animal viscera and animal oil, the daily salt content should not exceed 6g, and eat more vegetables and fruits. For patients with facial paralysis, chewing dysfunction, and unfavorable tongue movement, it is necessary to help them eat a thin and soft diet, exercise slowly, and reduce the amount appropriately to avoid choking or coughing due to food blocking the respiratory tract.
3.3 Functional exercise
3.3. 1 Functional exercise of facial paralysis
Use your thumb to pass through the eyebrow arch from the brow, through the temple to the corner of your eye, and then down through the nose, nasolabial groove, and the corner of your mouth to the mandibular angle, and slowly press it until it is sour and spicy.
3.3.2 Language function training
Practice word by word patiently and carefully. When practicing, pay attention, keep your mood stable and speak slowly. Start with simple words and phrases. Encouraging patients to talk boldly with others is also a method of language training.
3.3.3 Functional exercise of hemiplegia
Sitting and lying exercise: family members help patients sit up and lie down repeatedly; Or tie a rope at the foot end of the bed, so that the patient can grasp the rope with healthy hands and do prone position training by himself.
3.3.3. 1 upper limb movement
Massage the affected limb frequently, then do abduction and adduction, elbow flexion and extension, internal and external rotation.
3.3.3.2's lower limb movement
The patient is prone, and the family members rub the back of their hands on both sides of the spine from top to bottom, and this is repeated several times. Patients can also sit on a stool, roll back and forth or walk on a bamboo tube to help them go up and down the stairs for practice, and can also promote functional improvement.
3.4 Control blood pressure to prevent rebleeding.
Patients with cerebral hemorrhage should check their blood pressure regularly during the recovery period, so as to keep the blood pressure around18/11.5kpa, and insist on taking antihypertensive drugs correctly. It is not advisable to stop using and replace it by yourself, nor to take a variety of antihypertensive drugs at the same time, so as to avoid insufficient blood supply to the brain due to sudden or low blood pressure, quit smoking and drinking, avoid overwork and strong mental stimulation, and avoid life-threatening sudden rise and fall of blood pressure.
3.5 Acupuncture
Acupoint sealing with vitamin B 1 injection 100mg and vitamin B 12 injection 0.5mg [2], 1 time/day, 14 days is a course of treatment, which usually takes two courses. After the first course of treatment, the second course is conducted one week apart. Common acupoints are Hegu and Hegu.
3.6 Strengthen basic nursing and health education.
Keep the indoor air fresh and regular, and all kinds of appliances should be convenient for patients to take, and articles should be placed firmly to prevent accidental injuries such as falls, burns and bumps. People who are incontinent should take good care of their urine and urine, clean their vulva 1~2 times a day, keep their quilts and trousers clean and dry, and those who stay in bed for a long time should often help turn over and massage the pressed parts with protruding bones to prevent bedsores.
4. Nursing experience
4. 1 Sincere, patient and targeted psychological care is the key for patients with cerebral hemorrhage to get good rehabilitation.
Nurses make patients treat diseases with a calm mind through popular science education and psychological care, and closely cooperate with rehabilitation training.
4.2 Grasping the best opportunity of limb function training for patients with cerebral hemorrhage is an important link to improve the rehabilitation effect.
The patients with cerebral hemorrhage achieved the best recovery of limb function within 1 1 week after onset [3]. It is very important to strengthen the rehabilitation training of patients during this period. Through detailed guidance and help, mastering the necessary rehabilitation knowledge and skills and carrying out functional exercise can not only reduce hemiplegia, enhance muscle strength and improve self-care ability, but also make patients gradually change from alternative nursing to self-care or partial auxiliary nursing, thus improving the quality of life.
4.3 Acupuncture treatment is a necessary means to promote patients' functional rehabilitation.
Acupuncture with vitamin B 1 and vitamin B 12 injection can improve cell metabolism, increase blood flow, improve nerve sensitivity and promote the rehabilitation of paralyzed limbs.
4.4 Systematic education and health education are the key contents of health care for patients with cerebral hemorrhage.
Nurses give systematic and dynamic health education guidance to different patients from admission to discharge, so that patients and their families can correctly master their daily life, dietary principles, family medication and some safety measures to prevent cerebral hemorrhage again.
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