Jiangxi Golden Sun 2008 Fifth National College Entrance Examination (Chemistry Test)
Important statement: this article comes from the internet and the copyright belongs to the original author;
Objective To exchange and study together.
Because the examination papers of different schools are different.
If you look at the entrance examination paper of your school, use this paper.
You can send an email to wangzhongyan8 @163.com to get the complete test questions, because the test questions are needed.
Word software can be opened completely.
This paper is divided into two parts: the first volume (multiple choice questions) and the second volume (non-multiple choice questions).
The perfect score is 150. Examination time 120 minutes.
Possible relative atomic mass: h-1c-12n-14o-16na-23mg-24al-27s-32cl-35.5mn-55zn-65ag-/kloc-0.
The first volume (multiple choice questions)
First, multiple-choice questions (this question contains 10 small questions, 3 points for each question, a total of 30 points. There is only one option for each small question.
1, an environmentally friendly fuel, propane (C3H8), was used in the "Xiangyun" torch of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, while 65% butane (C4H 10) and 35% propane were used in the torch of the Sydney Olympic Games. It is known that the combustion heat of propane is:, and the following statement is correct ().
A. The burning of the Olympic torch mainly converts chemical energy into heat energy and light energy.
The boiling point of propane is higher than that of n-butane.
Propane, air and platinum sheet can form a fuel cell, and platinum near propane is the anode of the cell.
D The thermochemical equation of propane combustion is C3H8 (g)+5O2 (g) = 3CO2 (g)+4H2O (g); △H=-222 1.5kJ/mol
A: A.
2, the following mixture separation and purification method, not from the point of view of solubility is ().
A. recrystallization B. distillation C. filtration D. extraction
Answer: b
3. Classification plays a very important role in the development of chemistry. The following classification standard is reasonable ()
(1) According to the number of hydrogen atoms contained in acid molecules, acids are divided into monobasic acids and dibasic acids.
② According to whether there is electron transfer in the reaction, chemical reactions can be divided into redox reactions and non-redox reactions.
③ According to whether there is Tindal phenomenon in the dispersion system, the dispersion system is divided into solution, colloid and suspension.
④ According to the thermal effect in the reaction, chemical reactions can be divided into exothermic reactions and endothermic reactions.
A.①② B.③④ C.①③ D.②④
Answer: d
4, with NA said avogadro constant, the following statement is correct ().
A. 1.4g The mixture of ethylene and propylene contains 0.2NA carbon atoms.
B Under standard conditions, the total number of molecules contained in the mixture of 2.24LNO and N2 is 0. 1NA.
C. At normal temperature and pressure, the number of neutrons contained in 1 molD3O+ is 10NA.
D.7.8gNa2O2 crystal contains 0.2NA anion.
Answer: b
5. Under certain conditions, the reduction order of the following particles is: Cl-< br-< I-< SO2, so it can be judged that what cannot happen in the solution of each reaction is ().
A.2Fe3++SO2+2H2O=2Fe2++SO42-+4H+
B.2Br-+4H++SO42-= SO2+ Br2+ 2H2O
C.2Fe2++Cl2=2Fe2++2Cl-
D.I2+ SO2+2H2O=4H++SO42-+2I-
Answer: b
6, the following ionic equation is correct ().
A. The mixing amount of ammonium bisulfate and sodium hydroxide is NH4++OH-= NH3 = ↑+H2O.
B. Calcium bicarbonate reacts with excess calcium hydroxide solution: Ca2++HCO3-+2OH-= CaCO3 ↓+CO32-+2H2O.
C, introducing SO2 gas into the Ca (clo) 2 solution: Ca2++clo-+SO2+H2O = caso3 ↓+2hclo.
D, chlorine reacts with sodium hydroxide solution: Cl2+2OH-= Cl-+CLO-+H2O.
Answer: d
7. The following statement about environment, health and development is incorrect ().
A inhalable particles (such as silicate dust) form aerosols, which are extremely harmful to human health.
1 1. A student experimented with a mixture of NaHCO3 and KHCO3 and got the following data (the amount and concentration of hydrochloric acid are equal).
50mL hydrochloric acid 50mL hydrochloric acid 50mL hydrochloric acid.
M (mixture) 9.2g15.7g 27.6g.
V (carbon dioxide) (standard temperature and pressure) 2.24 liters 3.36 liters 3.36 liters.
The following analysis and reasoning is incorrect ()
A. the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 3.0 mol/L.
B. the mass fraction of NaHCO3 in the mixture cannot be calculated according to the data in the table.
C. excessive hydrochloric acid when adding 9.2 grams of mixture.
The mixture of D. 15.7g just completely reacts with hydrochloric acid.
Answer: BD
Answer: BC
Answer: c
Answer: c
Green chemistry and atomic economy
Answer: b
Answer: BC
Answer: b
18, and the following table shows the solubility product constants (25℃) of five silver salts:
Chemical formula AgCl Ag2SO4 Ag2S AgBr AgI
Solubility product1.8×10-1.4×10-56.3×10-507.7×10-.
The following statement is incorrect ()
A. Ag2SO4 is the most soluble of the five substances at room temperature.
B, dissolving silver chloride in water and adding Na2S can generate black precipitate.
C the solubility of silver chloride, silver bromide and silver iodide at room temperature is chlorine, bromine and iodine in turn.
D The establishment of precipitation-dissolution equilibrium is conditional, and when the external conditions change, the equilibrium will also move.
Answer: c
19. There are two electrolytic cells in series. Pool A contains CuSO4 solution, and Pool B contains a certain amount of dilute nitrate solution. When the cathode of pool A precipitates 1.6gCu and the cathode of pool B precipitates 0.45g solid, the solute in pool B may be ().
A. ammonia boron aluminum carbon copper nitrate
Answer: (1)ABCD(5 points) (2)AEG(4 points)
Answer: (1) decline; Increase (65438+ 0 point per grid, 2 points in total)
(2) shallow; Deeper (65438+ 0 point per grid, 2 points in total)
(3) less than 7 (1); NH+4+H2O NH3？ 6? 1H2O+H+(3 points)
(4) NaOH (AQ)+HCl (AQ) = = NaCl (AQ)+H2O (1) △ h =-57.3 kj mol-1(2 points).
(5)6 1.33(5 points)
A: ① The first element of S (1) 2mg (1) 3D is P, and the 3p level of P is 3p3 in the half-full state, which is a stable structure; However, the 3p level 3p4 of element S is an unstable structure. So the first ionization energy of P is higher than that of S (3 points).
④ 2 (1) ⑤ 2 (1) ⑤ The lattice energy of magnesium sulfate (1) ⑤ is greater than the lattice energy of K2SO4. (2 points)
Answer: (1)D, E and C (3 points) (2) Dehydration in HCl gas flow to prevent MgCl2 from hydrolysis (2 points).
(3)D (2 points) (4) Magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride; ; KCl(3 points)