The Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education emphasizes that preschool education should lay a solid foundation for children's lifelong development, so that children can gain experiences beneficial to their physical and mental development in a happy childhood, respect their personality and rights, and promote the individualized development of each child. In early childhood, especially in the late childhood when self-awareness and thinking ability develop rapidly, it is particularly urgent to construct harmonious and vivid class activities and carry out life education activities with the characteristics of large-class children.
First, the connotation of children's life education
The purpose of children's life education is to promote the balanced development of individual physiology, psychology and social spirituality. Through the exploration of the essence of life, let children feel the beauty, magic and wisdom of life, experience the beauty of life, respect and care for life. The core of life education is "people" as the center, and children are the main body of life development. It is the significance of life education to awaken the inner motivation of children's self-development and meet the needs of their growth.
Second, the practice of life education in large classes
The essence of children's life education is to meet the needs of children's life growth and make it develop in a direction conducive to personal physical and mental health and social progress. According to the characteristics of children's physical and mental development and the nature of preschool education, we choose the way of combining theme activities with daily education infiltration to carry out children's life education. Mainly combining children's interests and experiences, teachers and students capture specific events in life, make in-depth and direct understanding and observation, gain experience and learning from personal experience, discover knowledge, understand meaning and construct cognition, thus promoting the development of children's life consciousness and vitality.
1. Weave a safe "nest" with love.
Attachment refers to the close emotional connection between children and their main caregivers. Establishing a good attachment relationship between teachers and students in the class not only provides material guarantee for children's study, but also provides a safe psychological place for children, laying the foundation for the development of children's good personality, interpersonal relationship and mental health. Love is the richest emotion in the world. For young children, the power of encouragement, influence and promotion of love can play a powerful role. Weave the safe "nest" of the class with love, so that children can feel the warm, harmonious and mutual-help atmosphere in the class.
Teng Teng smiled.
Case background:
Because of his parents' work, Teng Teng was sent to a boarding kindergarten at the beginning of the semester to start a new life. Two months later, because the child didn't adapt, he came back.
Case description:
Art activity class, the content is to draw morning glory. Morning glory is the class name of this class and also the class flower. The child listens carefully and draws well. Yes, the paper was empty, and I gave him my own set without an oil pastel and marker. After a while, I found Teng Teng did nothing. So I went over and squatted down and asked, "Teng Teng, why don't you draw?" He stayed for a while and said, "Teacher, can I pee?" "Are you? Go! " After going to the toilet, Teng Teng went to other groups to watch the children draw. Watching, he came up to me, looked up and said to me, "Teacher, I'm going to draw now." "Then go and draw!" I smiled and encouraged him. Half an hour later, Teng Teng showed me his paintings. "Teacher, I finished painting." "Really good, look! How beautiful these two morning glories are. Tengteng is great! It would be better to be bigger next time. " Teng Teng nodded desperately and showed a happy smile.
Case study:
Teng Teng is "silent" and "silent"
Exclusion to later adaptation, participation, hard to nod, because of grasping several key points in teaching. First of all, I saw that Teng Teng didn't have an oil painting stick, so I lent mine to him. This move makes him feel that the teacher is his good friend and can be trusted; Secondly, when I went to see Teng Teng for the second time, I squatted down as a friend to talk to Teng Teng, promised him to go to the toilet and allowed him to watch his peers draw. Finally, Teng Teng took the initiative to ask me to paint. When the teacher praised his work, his inner world was completely opened to everyone, and his smile was the best proof.
"Teng Teng smiled" is the epitome of the children in the class. When children turn from rejection, fear and anxiety to gradual adaptation and active participation, it is the process that teachers and children carefully manage the "nest" of love. The child's life is immature and needs care and care; Children's life is unique, it needs understanding and respect; Children's life is pregnant with potential and hope, which needs our discovery and inspiration. This requires our teachers to love children with maternal tenderness and friendship, to understand and understand children, and to keep their joys and sorrows in their hearts, such as the morning glory that children say every day: "Hand in hand, heart to heart; Hand in hand, smile ",let more children show bright smiles.
2. String up a happy "field" with activities.
Play is children's nature, games are children's work, children's spontaneous, independent and free activities, the source of children's imagination, the basis of communication and cooperation, and the guarantee for the healthy development of emotional personality. Teachers consciously use the educational resources around them to integrate music, art, society, language and health, and organize colorful game activities, so that children can expand from spontaneous recreational games to developmental games, thus achieving happy growth.
Music activity case:
Listen to the secret of the growth of young trees
"Little Trees Grow Fast" is a lively, energetic and energetic song, just like a child, eager to grow up quickly. The purpose of this course is to lead children into nature and feel the beauty and magic of nature with them. Therefore, through the activity of "creating and editing small tree dance", I will gradually let the children fully feel the joy of life growth.
Teacher: Use MV to lead children to feel the spring breeze, small seeds germinate, light rain, small trees ... (lead children to feel the richness of nature)
Teacher: Spring is coming, and everything is reviving. Do you know how those plants grow? Let's watch an animation (plant growth). (Feel the process of life growth)
Teacher: Shall we form the shape of a happy little tree together? (Express the joys and sorrows of the growth of small trees)
……
Through listening, watching, speaking, moving, singing and creating, this activity deeply experiences the artistic conception of music, learns happily in the interaction between teachers and students, feels the beauty and magic of nature, and feels the happiness of life growth.
Picture books full of children's breath, with children-centered words and pictures paying equal attention, can not only enrich children's life feelings, but also let them feel the beauty and value of life from appreciation, feeling and experience. Through games and children's dramas, we can further understand the works, feel the happiness and beauty of life, and let children be inspired and sublimated by the beauty of human nature.
"Guess how much I love you" activity design
Activity background:
Guess how much I love you is a painting story full of love atmosphere and happy childlike interest. The kind and lovely image of rabbits, the story frame of two rabbits competing with each other, and the novel details of the image are very attractive to children. However, children with superior living conditions grew up in the moon, were cared for by everyone, soaked in the honey pot of love, and knew how to be grateful from an early age, which is exactly what we should reflect on and vigorously advocate now. Only by letting children learn to be grateful and boldly express their love for their loved ones can children learn to be happy and happy; Only grateful children can live a richer and better life. Therefore, learn to feel the happiness and happiness of loving and being loved through stories, learn the specific methods and forms of loving parents, and guide children to use them in life.
Activity flow:
1.
Lead-in activity: "play house" parent-child life game (recalling parents' love)
2.
Role-playing: "Guess how much I love you" (sensing parents' love)
3.
The activity of love: the balance of love (learn to give love)
4.
Parent-child game: play house (the act of giving love)
Activity analysis:
Gratitude is not innate, it is innate, and it needs the guidance of education and the influence of the environment; Gratitude is perceptual touch, gratitude is emotional touch, and gratitude is happiness. Therefore, the literary appreciation of Guess how much I love you follows this law. By designing the psychological activity process of "sensing parents' love-being moved by parents' love-learning to give love and be happy", children can experience the same happiness as giving love, and the seeds of gratitude can take root in children's hearts.
Children in large classes are in the development stage of concrete thinking in images, and "games" are the most basic and favorite activities for children. In children's class activities, "game" runs through all the time, and regional role games penetrate into all fields, so that children can perceive life, respect life, appreciate life and fear life in the most natural and close way in the game situation, and let them feel the beauty of life.
3. pave the way for growth with exploration.
Learning is as natural as breathing, and it is the natural mechanism of brain development. Nature endows mankind with the desire to learn and know the world. Children have unique surprises and reverie about the unknown world. They open their curious eyes to observe, open their spiritual ears to listen, chase with lively steps, and actively perceive the vast world of life with various senses. They grow up in interesting and active exploration. Therefore, teachers should dare to create problem situations, conform to the needs of children's exploration, encourage children to get close to animals and plants, explore the mysteries of nature, and thus have a love for life.
"Save Earthworms" Series Activities
First, the discovery of earthworms
One day, while doing morning exercises, children near the lawn found an earthworm. The children put the earthworm in a small pot and took it back to the natural corner of the classroom. Some children went out to mow the grass for the earthworm and look for fresh soil. Some children watered the earthworm, which was dying.
Second, save the earthworm.
"Teacher Wu, help the earthworm, it seems that the earthworm is dead!" As soon as this statement came out, the children in the class talked about it. One of the children said solemnly, "teacher, it's cold." Are you sick? " I deliberately asked, "Really?" She shook her head and said with certainty, "It's just a little earthworm. It can't swim yet, so it's sick. " Other children asked me to give them answers with inquiring eyes. I felt like a doctor, and the children were eager for me to tell them what to do.
Seeing that children are so interested, I let them guess what kind of home earthworms like.
Child A: I like a wet home. Maybe it likes sweet water.
Baby B: I like living with her parents.
Child C: Our little jar is too small. It likes to live in a big space.
Child D: I want to say "I'm sorry" to the earthworm. I shouldn't pull hard. ……
Teachers should not only leave room for children to guess and explore freely, but also protect their curiosity. While encouraging children to make bold guesses, it is natural to turn mutual complaints, random accusations and suspicions among children into exploring the real reasons and guiding children to pay attention to more animals around them and understand their habits. Therefore, the task of observing animals was assigned. In such exploration activities, teachers are no longer the representatives of absolute knowledge owners, but explore science with children as a knowledge seeker. Children are not containers, but active learners. In practice, they experience their feelings with others through various forms of communication, share their happiness with others, feel the vastness and mystery of the animal world, and experience the endless fun of learning.