The main function of "official learning" education is to cultivate students' official ability by teaching etiquette, music, shooting, imperial examination, calligraphy and mathematics.
Later, Confucius started private lectures. He advocated "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith", with 3000 disciples, including 72 sages. The main goal of Confucius education is to cultivate high-quality talents with morality, ideals, responsibility and practical ability.
In addition to teaching the traditional "six arts", Confucius' private school has also added many brand-new teaching materials. These textbooks are Poetry, Book, Yi, Li, Yue and Chunqiu, which constitute the core of Confucius teaching. Compared with traditional education, Confucius paid more attention to the cultivation of knowledge, moral quality and thinking ability.
Confucius became a great educator not only because he dared to break the privilege of aristocratic monopoly education, but also because of Confucius' advanced educational concept.
Sex is similar, indicating that everyone's nature is very close. No one is much smarter than others. Except for special circumstances, everyone is similar. Xi Xiangyuan means that the acquired environment has a great influence on people. Because of the different growth environment, everyone's temperament, personality and ability will be very different. This educational concept is full of humanistic care, and it will never give up for smart students or stupid students.
This means that I will teach you as long as you are willing to study. Regardless of each other, regardless of 369 and so on. Confucius's disciples were nobles, wealthy businessmen, lowlifes and even slaves. Some aristocratic children come to study with generous gifts, and some ordinary people come to study with a few pieces of dried meat, even if they are apprentices. This educational concept is similar to the current nine-year compulsory education.
Confucius will make targeted study plans according to the specific conditions of different students. In The Analects of Confucius, Confucius told different students the same question, and his answers were different. He is constantly guiding and educating students according to their situation, personality and ideological level at that time.
Lutz, a disciple of Confucius, was rude, but Confucius didn't hate him. On the contrary, he likes his straightforward personality and frankness. In order to change Lutz's reckless personality and make him calm, Confucius made a study plan according to his personality.
Confucius told Luz to practice archery 100 days. Lutz didn't feel well at first, but he got bored after a few days. At this time, Confucius began his teaching. He said archery looks simple, but there is a lot of knowledge in it. For example, there are different kinds of bows, and different bows have their own characteristics. Arrows also have different types and characteristics, and different bows and arrows are suitable for different scenes.
Confucius went on to say that archery is not a brute force, but a temper of mind. After overcoming anxiety, you can hone your calm and focused personality and become a great musical instrument.
Although more than 2000 years have passed, Confucius' educational philosophy is not out of date, and it is still worth learning and inheriting by our future generations.
Confucius should be modest and eager to learn when educating students. "A threesome must have a teacher"; Review what you have learned from time to time, so as to "review the past and learn new things", broaden and deepen new knowledge, and "draw inferences from others".
Confucius first proposed heuristic teaching. He said, "If you are not angry, you will not be angry." This means that teachers should enlighten and inspire students appropriately when students have seriously thought and reached a certain level.
Confucius' view of education is a precious wealth left to future generations, and we should cherish and make good use of it.