Closed volume part
1. Fill in the blanks (7 of 10, each question 1)
1. Educators should make the educated (physically and mentally) develop healthily.
2. Compared with ordinary secondary education, higher education has a (vocational) nature.
3. Society (political system) determines the leadership of higher education.
4. The education policy takes (training goal) as the main core content.
5. The basic way to train senior professionals is (classroom teaching).
6. The education mode that emphasizes the comprehensiveness of teaching content is (generalist education).
7. In colleges and universities (syllabus) is a guiding document for subject teaching.
8. (Training senior professionals) is the main task of college teachers.
The central link of higher education is (teaching) work.
10. College students turn theoretical knowledge into practical work experience through social practice.
Second, multiple-choice questions (4 questions in 10, 2 points for each question)
1. Colleges and universities cultivate both academic professionals and (c).
A. Red professionals
B. Theoretical talents
C. professionals
D. Technical talents
2. The relationship between higher education and human culture is (D).
A. Human culture restricts higher education
B. Culture profoundly affects higher education.
C. Higher education determines culture
D. Inclusive internal relations
3. The unpredictability of the purpose of higher education refers to (b).
A. Training objectives of higher education
B. The purpose of higher education is only an abstract educational ideal.
C. the purpose of social activities in higher education
D. the purpose of scientific research in higher education
4. Higher education emphasizes the unity of imparting knowledge and (b).
A. Political and ideological education
B. Building capacity
C. Quality improvement
D. Establish a communist world outlook
5. One of the main shortcomings of the credit system is (b).
A. it is not conducive to students' special skills.
B. It is easy to cause disorder in teaching order
C. Poor flexibility
D. it is not conducive to teachers' special skills.
6. Institutions of higher learning in China (c).
A. generalist education
B. Integration of generalist education and specialist education
C. Combination of generalist education and specialist education
D. professional education
7. The overall development of higher education in China is at the stage of (a).
A. Mass development
B. Development of talent education
C. the development of elite education to popularization
D. the transition from elite education to popularization
8.(c) Being in a central position in the social function system of institutions of higher learning.
A. Do a good job of publicity
B. Developing campus culture
C. Training of specialized personnel
D. Developing science
9. The most basic way to implement quality education in colleges and universities is (a).
A. Teaching
B. Quality of development
C. Scientific research and training
D. productive labor
10. Only (c) college teachers can take the lead in this discipline.
A. Frequent social activities
B. Good interpersonal relationships
C. Scientific research achievements are at the forefront of this discipline
D. Outstanding teaching achievements
Third, the noun explanation (4 points for each question, 15 is 3. )
1. higher education-higher education is a professional education based on complete secondary education, which is to cultivate.
Social activities of various senior professionals. pregnenolone
2. China's educational policy-education must serve socialist modernization and must be combined with productive labor.
Combine and cultivate socialist builders and successors with all-round development in morality, intelligence and physique. P3 1
3. The basic content of the education policy-education policy is that the country in a certain historical period, according to the social, political, economic.
In order to meet the needs of economic development and basic national conditions, the general working direction and objectives for education established through certain legislative procedures are the general summary of educational policies. The basic content of education policy includes three aspects: the guiding ideology of education development; The training goal of education; The way to achieve it. P29
4. The purpose of education-the purpose of education refers to the basis of cultivating the educated into the people needed by a certain society.
This requirement specifies the basic specifications and quality requirements of the trainees. P3 1
5. General education (compared with junior college education)-Compared with junior college education, general education is a kind of general education.
The purpose of general education is to cultivate talents with noble sentiments, profound knowledge, advanced ideas, self-motivation and self-development. It is a liberal arts education, focusing on the cultivation of reason and emotion. General education has four characteristics: (1) knowledge is basic and classic; (2) the comprehensiveness and extensiveness of the content; (3) the diversity and flexibility of educational forms; (4) Too many communication meetings will affect the in-depth development of the discipline. P64
6. Mass higher education (as opposed to talent education)-talent education and mass education in higher education,
It refers to two different stages of development or two different educational models in the history of higher education development. There are obvious differences between them in educational purpose, object and scale. The main difference is the width of the educated. Higher education for talents serves a few people, with the aim of cultivating a few elites in governing the country; On the other hand, mass higher education is open to the public, and the educated are widely distributed, so that more people, especially the children of workers and peasants, can also go to college. The expansion of education scale is manifested in the diversification of levels, types and forms of higher education. The purpose of education is mainly to train construction talents from all walks of life needed by the country, including some future state managers. P69
7. Curriculum-in a narrow sense, curriculum refers to all disciplines included in the teaching plan and their
Sum of status and opening sequence. Curriculum in a broad sense refers to all the comprehensive efforts made by the school to guide students to obtain the expected learning results in a planned way. Wide courses break through the boundaries of classroom, teaching materials and teachers, so that educational activities overcome the constraints of rational mode of changing disciplines and intellectual education, and choose teaching content in a wider range. P235
8. Teaching plan-The teaching plan is formulated to guide teaching activities according to the training objectives of colleges and universities.
Normative documents reflect the basic requirements of society for a certain kind of specialized personnel training specifications, and are the main basis for the school to organize and manage teaching work. The teaching plan includes professional training objectives, years of study (total credits), curriculum and its main teaching forms, and the distribution of hours (credits) by semester. P240
9. Syllabus-Syllabus is a systematic and coherent form, which describes this through chapters, themes and projects.
Teaching guidance documents for the main contents of the subject. According to the teaching plan, the theoretical knowledge, practical skills and basic skills that each student must master are stipulated, and the basic requirements of teaching progress and teaching methods are also stipulated. P242
10. Textbooks-Textbooks, also called textbooks, are the main basis of teaching and are specially used to explain teaching contents.
Books are the embodiment of the syllabus. The basic composition of teaching materials includes contents, texts, homework, experiments and pictures.
Tables, appendices, indexes and notes. Texts are the main part of textbooks. P245
1 1. Class teaching system-also called class teaching system-is to divide students into roughly the same age.
Moreover, teachers should organize classes according to the teaching content and fix teaching according to the syllabus of each subject.
Learning progress, facing the teaching organization form of a class composed of a certain number of students. P253
12. credit system-the credit system is a teaching management system different from the academic year system, which calculates the learning process of students.
Or the method, means or scale of learning components. Generally speaking, the knowledge and ability that students should master when they graduate are decomposed into "small units", which are divided into compulsory and elective categories, and the credits of each course and the total credits that should be completed when they graduate from this major are stipulated as the business standards for students to graduate or obtain a degree. P263
13. Teaching and teaching process-teaching is the basic way for schools to train talents, which is composed of teachers,
The system composed of students, teaching contents and teaching media (including teaching methods and teaching means) is a bilateral activity in which teachers and students transmit information through the media in the teaching system.
As a dynamic process, teaching activities are called teaching process. The teaching process is that students are in the position of teachers.
The process of systematically learning the basic knowledge of science and culture and mastering basic skills, developing intelligence and physical strength, and establishing dialectical materialist world outlook and socialist moral quality. Therefore, the teaching process is essentially the cognitive process and development process of students under the guidance of teachers. There are three characteristics in the teaching process: one is the process in which teachers and students participate together. The second is the process of students systematically learning indirect knowledge; Thirdly, the teaching process is a process of imparting knowledge between teachers and students, and it is also a process of forming students' world outlook, values, moral quality and psychological quality. P2 18-2 19
14. Teaching principles-Teaching principles are based on the discovered teaching rules and certain educational purposes.
Basic requirements that teachers and educators must abide by in the teaching process. P226
15. academic system-academic system refers to the system of various schools at all levels in a country, including: what kinds?
Schools, who will manage and manage these schools, what are the nature and tasks of the schools, the actual admission conditions, the length of the educational system and the relationship between schools at all levels. P85
4. Short answer questions (8 points for each question, 18 4. )
1. The relationship between social and political system and higher education
A: (1) The political system restricts higher education.
1. Politics determines the leadership of higher education.
2. Political decisions on the right to higher education
3. Politics restricts the higher education system
4. Politics restricts the policy and purpose of higher education.
(2) The political function of higher education: Higher education serves the society and politics by exerting its political function.
1. Political education of the educated
2. Cultivate specialized political and legal talents.
3. Promote the development of democratic politics
2.P9 Relationship between social and economic system and higher education
A: (1) The decisive role of economic development in higher education.
1. Economic development is the material basis for the development of higher education.
2. The change of economic system determines the change of higher education system.
3. The level of economic development determines the speed and scale of higher education development.
4. The change of economic structure restricts the structure of higher education.
(B) the great role of higher education in promoting economic development
1. Higher education promotes economic growth
2. Higher education promotes the adjustment and improvement of economic structure.
3. Higher education can increase people's economic income and improve the social status of social vulnerable groups.
The above-mentioned economic functions of higher education are realized through two basic ways: cultivating senior professionals and reproducing science and technology.
3. The relationship between social culture and higher education P 17
A: (1) The influence of culture on higher education.
1. Culture affects the content of higher education.
2. Cultural system and cultural facilities affect the implementation of higher education.
3. Cultural tradition influences the formation of the characteristics of higher education.
4. Campus culture in colleges and universities is deeply influenced by social culture.
(B) the cultural function of higher education: reaction to culture
1. Higher education has the function of selecting, spreading and preserving culture.
2. Higher education has the function of innovation and cultural development.
4. Briefly describe the social functions of modern universities and their interrelationships P25
A: The social functions of modern universities include:
(A) training specialized personnel is the fundamental mission (teaching function) of modern universities.
(B) the development of science is an important function of modern universities (research function)
(3) Serving the society is an extension of the function of contemporary universities (for the society)
The three social functions of modern universities are interrelated, infiltrated and constructed together.
Enter the functional system of modern universities. Among them, cultivating talents is the fundamental mission of modern colleges and universities, developing science is an important function of colleges and universities, and directly serving the society is a further extension of colleges and universities' functions of cultivating talents and developing science, so that it will not be divorced from social reality.
5. Briefly describe the nature of educational purpose P32
A: (1) The purpose of education is an educational ideal (subjectivity).
The goal of education.
6. Briefly describe the implementation approach of comprehensive development education in colleges and universities P48.
A: There are three basic ways to implement quality education in colleges and universities: classroom teaching, scientific research training and social practice.
7. Briefly describe the social status of university teachers in China (P 17 1).
A: The social status of college teachers depends on the role played by teachers' labor in social development and people's understanding of this role. The role of college teachers is mainly reflected in:
(a) through the inheritance, dissemination, development and creation of human scientific, technological and cultural knowledge, cultivate all kinds of senior professionals and promote social, economic and cultural development.
(2) Directly promoting the construction of social material civilization and spiritual civilization through socialized services.
Although the role and contribution of college teachers exist objectively, under the condition of market economy, because the social benefit of education is lagging behind and the economic benefit is indirect, it is difficult for teachers' labor to realize its real value in time and directly. Therefore, there is still a concept of belittling teachers' work in society, which thinks that teachers' work is simple repetition and has nothing to do with the production of material wealth. However, the government has passed corresponding laws and regulations, which provide a legal basis for the determination of teachers' social status and stipulate education funds and teachers' treatment.
Teachers in colleges and universities should realize that China's economy is still underdeveloped, and the improvement of economic benefits needs a process. At the same time, we should also realize that the social status of teachers ultimately depends on their quality and level, on their own role and contribution to society, and we should be prepared for obscurity.
8. The main characteristics of contemporary college students' personality and psychological development and its educational significance P 185
Personality psychological characteristics are mainly manifested in temperament and personality:
1. The temperament of college students is basically stable, so they can choose their future development direction according to their own temperament characteristics, and can overcome the negative factors in their temperament and play the role of positive factors. Education is mainly to help college students understand their own temperament characteristics, so that they can make full use of their strengths and avoid their weaknesses in their study and life, prevent the occurrence of psychological diseases and develop themselves better.
2. The personality of college students is gradually improving and stabilizing, with stable attitude and behavior habits, positive will quality and rational emotional characteristics. Education is mainly to help college students change the negative aspects of their previous personality characteristics and develop the positive aspects in order to form a perfect personality.
9. How to correctly handle the relationship between basic courses and specialized courses, compulsory courses and elective courses, theoretical courses and practical courses in the curriculum structure? P236-237
Correctly handle the relationship between basic courses and professional courses
(1) Strengthening basic courses is conducive to learning professional courses well, changing majors and improving people's quality in an all-round way;
(2) Strengthening basic courses is not as wide as possible, but moderate, so that students can achieve high specialization on the basis of ordinary courses;
(3) Professional courses are divided into professional basic courses and professional career-oriented courses. Pay attention to broaden professional horizons, improve professional theoretical thinking level, and master scientific general methodology.
Correctly handle the relationship between compulsory courses and elective courses
(1) The two types of courses should be in an appropriate proportion, complement each other and promote each other. It not only maintains the systematicness and integrity of the main courses, but also increases the flexibility of the education plan.
(2) Appropriately increase the proportion of elective courses and appropriately compress the hours and teaching contents of compulsory courses. In order to help expand students' knowledge field and make students' learning reflect their professional specifications and requirements;
Correctly handle the relationship between theory and practice
(1) We should overcome the wrong tendency of belittling theory and book knowledge and earnestly strengthen the teaching of basic theoretical knowledge;
(2) Strengthen the training of basic skills, overcome the tendency of neglecting practice, and cultivate the style of study and ability of integrating theory with practice.
10. How to scientifically and reasonably formulate professional training objectives and specifications P2 13
A: (1) The training goal of professional talents should be consistent with the national education policy and the overall training goal of higher education.
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(b) Training objectives and specifications should be realistic and should not be too high or too low.
(3) Training requirements should reflect the differences in levels and specifications, and should not be general.
(4) International comparability of quality specifications of personnel training. In terms of study years, curriculum system, credits, teaching materials, degree level, etc., it is as close as possible to internationally recognized standards.
1 1. Briefly describe the main features of teaching methods in colleges and universities P266
A: The main features of teaching methods in colleges and universities are:
(A) the direct control of teachers into the common control of information transmission between teachers and students.
(B) With the enhancement of college students' autonomy in learning, two sides of teaching methods are in the whole system.
The proportion changes greatly-the composition of normal schools gradually decreases, and the composition of students' self-study gradually increases with the increase of grades.
(C) the mutual penetration and combination of teaching methods and research methods
12. What are the characteristics of college students' learning process? P223
A: It enhances the independence, autonomy and exploration of college students' learning. Increased independence means that their dependence on teachers is weakened; Enhancing autonomy means that they manage themselves and choose their own development direction; The enhancement of inquiry learning means that they also take direct knowledge as their cognitive object within a certain range.
13. The significance of university teachers engaged in scientific research P297
A: (1) The combination of teaching and scientific research is an objective law of the development of higher education.
(B) Scientific research is the basic way to improve the level of teachers.
(3) Scientific research is an important means to cultivate students' ability and develop their intelligence.
Scientific research is the foundation of developing new disciplines.
(5) Scientific research is the main channel for the school to directly serve the sports meeting.
(6) Scientific research is an important condition to accelerate the modernization of school management.
14. Briefly describe the significance of social practice activities to the process of talent cultivation in colleges and universities P325
A: The role of social practice activities in cultivating people is mainly manifested in the following aspects:
(A) can promote knowledge transformation and knowledge expansion.
(B) is conducive to enhancing college students' social awareness and social skills.
(C) conducive to the development of college students' creativity and organizational ability.
(4) It is beneficial for college students to improve their self-cultivation and personality quality.
15. The main task of ideological and political education in colleges and universities P353
A: The fundamental task of ideological and political education in colleges and universities is to educate and arm students with Ma Maodeng. Ideological and political education in colleges and universities mainly includes:
(1) Educate students with Marxism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory to ensure the socialist orientation of higher education.
(2) Enlighten and educate students with Marxist standpoints, viewpoints and methods, and enhance their understanding and transformation.
Create a subjective world and an objective world, and help students establish a correct world outlook and outlook on life.
(C) to mobilize and stimulate the enthusiasm, consciousness and creativity of college students, to ensure and promote students.
all-round development
(4) Guide, cultivate and constantly improve the ability of self-education and self-control of college students.
16. Briefly describe the significance of China's university teacher appointment system. P 1 13
A: The implementation of the teacher appointment system has broken the iron rice bowl situation of college teachers to some extent. First, it is conducive to the optimal allocation of teachers' resources and the rational flow of college teachers. Secondly, optimizing the structure of college teachers is of positive significance for strengthening discipline construction and improving academic level of colleges and universities; Third, the appointment system is conducive to the formation of competition for posts.
17. Briefly describe the characteristics of higher education system in China P92-93.
A: The overall macro characteristics of China's higher education system are: a pluralistic public system, most of which are organized and managed by provinces (cities, districts) and some of which are under the responsibility of the central government; At the same time, the private system is still gradually taking shape. Colleges and universities are embodied in three levels: junior college, undergraduate course and graduate student.
The microscopic characteristics of China's higher education system are reflected in the following aspects:
The outline of the hierarchical structure is clear, and all levels can basically maintain cohesion and coherence, but the training specifications are still vague, especially the orientation of junior college education needs to be further clarified;
-Strictly restrict admission conditions at all levels and implement a strict, standardized and unified examination system.
-In terms of learning methods and years of study, reform has been strengthened and flexibility has been enhanced, but overall it is rigid and unified.
18. Briefly describe three modes of macro-management system of higher education.
A: People usually divide the macro-management system of higher education in the world into three modes:
(A) the centralized macro-management system of higher education
Under this system, higher education is entirely organized by the state, and the management and decision-making power of higher education belongs to the central government, which directly mediates higher education activities. France is a typical representative.
(B) decentralized macro-management system of higher education
Also known as decentralization system, the decision-making power of higher education is not in the central government, but independently exercised by local governments or interest groups in higher education decision-making, legislation, financial allocation, evaluation and supervision. Take the United States as a typical representative.
(C) the macro-management system of higher education combining centralization and decentralization
Referred to as the joint management system, that is, the central and local governments or the government and higher education departments jointly undertake the management functions of higher education, and exercise their functions at different levels to meet the interests of all parties, represented by Germany, Japan, Britain and other countries.
Open-book part
I. Analysis and discussion questions (1/8)
1. Talk about your views and thoughts on the social status of college teachers? P 17 1
The answer should be analyzed around the following points:
(1) The social status of college teachers depends on the role of teachers' labor in social development and people's understanding of this role;
(2) Under the current conditions in China, it takes a process to improve teachers' economic treatment and social status;
(3) The social status of teachers ultimately depends on their quality and contribution to society. Therefore, teachers should strive to improve themselves and perform their duties well in order to truly win the respect of society.
2. Combining with my own teaching practice, this paper analyzes the university characteristic teaching method P266.
The answer should be analyzed around the following points.
(1) The main characteristics of university teaching methods
From the direct control of teachers to the joint control of information transmission between teachers and students;
Due to the enhancement of college students' learning autonomy, with the increase of grades, the components of teachers' teaching gradually decrease and the components of students' self-study gradually increase;
The mutual penetration and combination of teaching methods and research methods;