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What are the fire safety knowledge of large supermarkets?
I. Escape route

1. Can the safety exit escape normally?

* Is the safety exit door (push rod lock on it) functioning normally, without hidden lock and bolt, easy to push open, giving an alarm sound and testing it at least once a month?

* Is it possible to directly reach the safe area outside the store from the in-store safety exit?

2. Is the evacuation passage clear and free from potential safety hazards?

* Are there any sundries, obstacles or water in the fire exits and evacuation stairwells? Can the emergency exit door be fully opened?

* Are there no thresholds or steps within the emergency exit door 1.4m?

* Are the evacuation doors in shopping malls horizontal doors, not sliding doors, rolling doors, hanging doors and revolving doors?

3. Is the evacuation passage wide enough and reasonable?

* Is the clear width of the main evacuation walkway not less than 3.0m, and the clear width of other evacuation walkways leading to safety exits not less than 2.0m?

(Note 1: When the building area of the first floor business area is less than 500m2, the clear width of the main evacuation walkway can be 2.0m, and that of other evacuation walkways can be1.5m; ; )

(Note 2: Clear width: If there is a stack head in the middle of the main channel, the "clear width" is the sum of the channel widths on both sides of the stack head. )

* Is the width of the rear compartment channel kept above 1m?

* Does the safe evacuation of the business area not pass through the warehouse? When crossing is necessary, is an evacuation walkway set up and separated from the warehouse by a partition wall with a fire resistance of not less than 2.0h?

Second, the emergency lighting and evacuation instructions

1. Is emergency lighting and evacuation indication lighting sufficient? Is the function normal?

* Are shops, back warehouses, processing rooms, back offices, fire escape routes and evacuation stairs equipped with fire emergency lighting? Is the emergency light damaged? Is it charged (battery-powered emergency lighting only)?

* Is there a visual continuous light storage type auxiliary evacuation indication sign on the ground of the evacuation walkway? Is it correct to point to the nearest safety exit? Is the auxiliary evacuation sign blocked or covered? Is the evacuation direction indicated by the auxiliary evacuation indication sign consistent with the direction indicated by the light evacuation indication sign above?

* Is there a "safety exit" light sign above all safety exit doors?

* After pressing the "test key" or disconnecting the municipal power supply, are all emergency lights, evacuation signs and "emergency exit" lights on? And all escape routes can be clearly distinguished?

2. Is the light evacuation sign installed correctly and not covered?

* Is the light evacuation sign set 2.2m~3.0m above the evacuation walkway? Or, is it located below the height of the wall and cylinder at the corner of the evacuation walkway and at both sides of the intersection 1.0m from the ground?

* Is the light evacuation sign not blocked by any posters, price tags, commodities, etc?

* Does the light evacuation sign correctly point to the nearest safety exit? Is the light evacuation sign damaged?

* Is the spacing of light evacuation signs not more than 20m?

* Is the specification of the light evacuation indication sign not less than 0.85m×0.30m?

(Note 1: When the building area of the first floor business area is less than 500m2, the specifications of evacuation signs should not be less than 0.65m×0.25m. )

Third, the fire broadcast

Is the function of fire broadcast system normal?

* Is there a pre-recorded evacuation in the fire broadcast system?

* Suppose the Red Team confirms that the recording of the fire broadcast can be played correctly? If not, is there an announcer broadcasting the fire live through the microphone?

* When the fire alarm rings, can you hear the fire broadcast clearly in the business hall?

Four. Guidance and training

1. Is there a detailed emergency evacuation plan?

The plan shall at least include:

* When should we evacuate?

* Who? How to inform employees to evacuate customers?

* Who is the evacuation guide for each shift and each exit?

* Where is the safe meeting place outside the mall? This website should not be threatened by burning buildings; Do not occupy the fire lane. )

* Is there an emergency evacuation plan specifically for employees with mobility difficulties/disabilities, and arrange special personnel to help these employees evacuate?

* Does the emergency evacuation plan include renting counter personnel?

2. Do you conduct fire safety training and drills for store employees?

* Do you organize centralized fire training for all employees in the mall at least once every six months, and keep training records? Have new employees, new promoters and rental counter employees received fire protection training?

* Does the mall conduct a fire drill every quarter? Have employees who have worked for one year participated in at least one fire drill in the past year?

3. Spot check 10 employees/promoters/cleaners/lease counter employees. Do they know the following fire protection knowledge?

Do you know how to use a fire extinguisher?

Do you know that in case of fire, you should escape through the escape passage, and where is the nearest safety exit from your workplace? Which exit is impossible to escape (if any)?

Do you know how to open the emergency exit door correctly?

Do you know the exact safe meeting place after prison break?

Verb (abbreviation for verb) fire fighting equipment

1. Are fire blankets, fire hydrants and fire valves normal?

* Is the kitchen and bakery frying room equipped with fire blankets? Have employees engaged in post speculation and post bombing received any training on how to keep people away from fire sources, how to prevent oil pans from catching fire, and how to use fire blankets?

* Fire hydrant box equipment is complete? (Fire hydrant valve, hose, water gun)

* Is the fire hydrant pump control cabinet set in automatic state? Can the fire hydrant pump run normally?

* Is the fire pipeline valve not closed by mistake? Valve screws are rustless, rotate well, and keep lubricated by oiling?

* Are all non-signal valves listed and locked? (Signal valve: a valve that will receive an alarm signal when the fire control center is closed. )

2. Is the fire extinguisher in good condition?

* Are fire extinguishers and hydrants checked monthly? Check whether the records are intact?

* Whether the pressure pointer of the fire extinguisher is in the green area and whether the display is normal?

* Is the fire extinguisher bottle free of rust and depression? Is the nozzle not missing?

* Is the fire extinguisher no more than 5 years away from the factory date?

Sixth, warehousing

1. Does the storage of articles meet the fire protection requirements?

* Whether goods are stored within 0.5m below the evaporator of automatic sprinkler, lamp and freezer, and whether the fan mouth is blocked?

(Note: The overall level of goods should be below 0.5m of sprinkler, and all goods should be within the protection range of sprinkler; Instead of 0.5 meters below the nozzle and less than 0.5 meters around. )

* Is there any object within the range of 1.5m before the fire hydrant? Can the fire hydrant door open normally?

* Is the manual alarm button not blocked and blocked by items?

* Are there no stacked items within 0.5m on both sides of the fire shutter?

(Note: If there are fixed and immovable shelves, freezers and other items within 0.5 meters on both sides of the fire shutter door, it will not affect the descent of the fire shutter door, but it is no exception. )

* Is the storage height of goods less than 3.5m from the ground?

2. Did you change the use of the building without authorization?

* Is it illegal to use offices, training rooms, floor sales areas, rental areas and parking lots as warehouses?

* Are there no unauthorized buildings on the rooftop and periphery of the shopping mall?

* Is the location of the floor promotion booth consistent with the location marked in the fire blueprint? Does the promotion quota not exceed the number on the fire blueprint?

* Has the tenant's renovation changed the original fire protection design such as firewall and fire shutter? Spray head, smoke exhaust, alarm button and other fire-fighting facilities are not blocked?

VII. Arrangement of Goods

1. Are the items kept clean and tidy? No security risks?

* Are all power distribution rooms, generator rooms, fan rooms and charging areas kept clean and free of flammable substances, and are the channels clear?

* Whether the combustible garbage and paper in the shopping mall are cleaned in time, not piled up in large quantities and kept away from fire sources?

* Is the card board, paper cover and other sundries outside the shopping mall more than 6 meters away from the building?

* Whether combustible materials such as garbage near buildings are cleared in time?

2. Are the inspection procedures for safe shutdown of electrical and gas equipment strictly implemented?

* Are the electrical and gas equipment of fresh food, pasta, restaurants and floor appliances safely shut down for routine inspection?

* Is there a checklist signed by the department inspector and the manager on duty after the daily electrical and gas equipment is shut down? Check the check list of three departments for inspection and registration.

Eight, automatic sprinkler system

1, is the fire water volume of automatic sprinkler system normal?

* Is there any water in the fire pool? Is there enough water?

* spray pipe water pressure is normal?

2, automatic sprinkler system function is normal? Is it in a quasi-working state?

Are the following functional tests conducted once a month? Is the test record complete?

* alarm valve group-test water and pressure switch action signal test

* End water testing device-testing end water and pressure switch signals, and testing hydraulic police.

3. Are there any other exceptions that affect the function and effectiveness of the automatic sprinkler system?

* Is the glass tube part of the nozzle not damaged or painted?

* Are there any obstacles near the nozzle that affect water spraying?

Nine, automatic fire alarm system

1. Are the automatic detection and fire alarm functions of the automatic fire alarm system normal?

Are the following functional tests conducted regularly? Is the test record complete?

* monthly smoke and temperature function test

* monthly manual alarm button function test

* monthly function test of fire alarm controller and fire alarm display panel.

* annual linkage function test.

2. Is the monitoring in the fire control room normal?

* Is there a 24-hour duty system in the fire control room, with no less than 2 people in each shift?

* Are the personnel on duty in the fire control room trained in fire control and certified? Is the duty record complete and well preserved?

* Press a manual alarm button at random in the mall to see if any employees will go to the fire scene for confirmation within 5 minutes after the fire alarm signal appears.

3. Is the smoke or temperature sense free of defects and faults? Is the installation correct?

* Whether there are smoke or temperature detectors in key fire-fighting parts such as shopping malls, warehouses, offices, kitchens, bakeries, power distribution rooms and generator rooms, and whether their functions are good?

* Whether the smoke or temperature probe is damaged, and is there any fault indication? Is the probe covered by goods, shelves, posters, etc?

4. Is the inspection and maintenance of the building fire protection system compliant?

* Whether to hire a qualified fire detection company to conduct individual detection of building fire protection facilities every month and issue a test report.

* Whether to hire a qualified fire detection company to carry out linkage detection on building fire protection facilities, and whether to report the annual linkage detection record to the local public security fire control institution for the record before 65438+February 30 every year?

5. Are the following components of the automatic fire alarm system normal?

Check the monthly inspection records of the fire maintenance company in recent three months to determine whether the functions of the fire button, alarm bell, fire control panel, floor display, gas fire extinguishing system and fire alarm host are normal. Are there any unresolved anomalies?

Ten, high temperature processing management

Does the high temperature treatment meet the fire safety requirements?

* Are high-temperature processing operations such as electric welding and cutting permitted? There are no flammable materials within 10 meter, and there are fire extinguishers nearby? And there is someone to monitor it? (Pay special attention to the hot work of external suppliers)

* Are all high-temperature processing carried out outdoors as much as possible? Are all high-temperature processing operations carried out during non-business hours as far as possible?

XI。 Electrical safety

1. Is it safe to use electricity temporarily?

* Is the power cord of the temporary power terminal board protected and fixed by flame-retardant threading pipe or flame-retardant trunking?

* If the load allows, is each terminal board used independently? Didn't you plug another wiring board into the wiring board?

* Is there no power cord to hang the socket?

* Is the temporary electricity consumption not more than 2 1 day?

* Are they all approved by the Engineering Information Department?

2. Are the distribution box and plug-in board safe?

* Are there no items outside the distribution box 1 m?

* Is the distribution box cover properly closed to prevent risks such as dust and mouse bites?

* Are all power sockets in good condition and overloaded?

* Is there no water vapor condensation and high temperature baking in the socket beside the refrigeration equipment and heating equipment?

3, lighting lamps and lanterns is safe?

* Is there a lampshade for the lighting in the back cabin to prevent it from breaking down?

* Does the white fluorescent lamp in the shopping mall not flicker obviously or turn orange? (If there is, it is probably a precursor of fire and needs to be replaced. )

XII. Equipment and machinery

1. Does the store equipment meet the fire protection requirements?

* Is the vent of the equipment not blocked to avoid overheating?

* Are heat treatment equipment, such as electric stoves, ovens, frying stoves and boiling water stoves, clean, free of grease and away from flammable materials? Personnel leave to ensure that the equipment is turned off?

* Is there a professional company to maintain the equipment in the fresh processing room once a month?

* When the cleaning equipment is charged, is there no combustible material within the range of 1 m?

2. Does the supplier's equipment meet the safety requirements?

Check all the equipment of the supplier, the power is above 100W, and electricity, gas and oil are used as the energy sources of the mall:

* Is there an equipment admission notice?

* Is there an equipment certificate, equipment manual or safety guide?

* Is there a plan for equipment maintenance, repair and cleaning?

Thirteen, dangerous substances

1. Whether shopping malls, gas tanks and pipelines using gas are safe.

* Whether the tank of liquefied petroleum gas or other fuel gas (if any) has passed the inspection, whether it is within the validity period, and whether it is rusted, damaged or corroded.

* Is the gas hose no more than 2m? No breakage and aging cracks? Is it replaced at least every 2 years?

* Is the gas pipeline rusted? Is the connection firm? Is the pipeline inspected regularly to ensure no air leakage?

2, the use of gas shopping malls, gas alarm system is normal?

* Are gas leakage alarm systems installed in kitchens and canned gas storage rooms?

* Is the alarm probe not installed at the door, close to the fan mouth (affected by flowing air), or isolated by baffle and other items, which affects the detection sensitivity?

* Is the gas alarm system regularly maintained and running normally?

3. Is it safe to store flammable gases and liquids?

* If the store uses canned liquefied petroleum gas, is the storage room separated from other areas by firewalls and fire doors?

* Is the oil storage room of the generator room separated from the generator by firewall and fire door? Does the total oil storage not exceed the demand of 8 hours?

* Flammable liquids (paint, natural water, etc. ) put it in a safe fireproof cabinet and lock it? The fire box should be far away from fire sources and other flammable materials.

Fourteen, limit the spread of the fire

1. Is the fire door intact?

* Is the appearance of the fire door intact, free from rust, damage and holes? Is the normally closed fire door kept closed? Is there no obvious gap when closing, and the sealing effect is good?

* Whether the electromagnetic switch of the normally open fire door is linked with the fire main engine, and whether the fire door can be automatically closed when there is a fire signal?

* Whether the indoor fire doors are equipped with door closers and sequencers, whether their functions are in good condition, and whether they can be automatically closed in sequence when opened? (The outermost evacuation door directly leading to the outdoor safety area has evacuation function, but does not have fire prevention and smoke isolation functions, and no sequencer is needed. )

2, firewall, fire shutter are in good condition?

* Is the warehouse separated from the business and office parts by a partition wall with a fire resistance limit of not less than 3.0h? Is the door leading to the warehouse business area a Class A fire door?

* Is the kitchen and open flame processing area separated from other areas by a partition wall with a fire resistance limit of not less than 2.00h? The doors and windows on the partition wall shall be Class B fire doors and windows.

* Are the holes in the firewall and fire door blocked with fireproof materials?

* Are the shafts between floors (such as holes in high-voltage electric wells and water pipes) blocked to prevent the fire from spreading up and down?

* fire shutter is not damaged, can normal lifting, can normal linkage? When descending to the ground, is there no obvious gap and is it well sealed?

Fifteen, smoke control

1, is the smoke control device in good condition?

* Mechanical pressurized air supply for smoke prevention; Mechanical smoke exhaust.

* You can open the window of natural smoke exhaust mode to prevent smoke.

2. Is the smoke exhaust pipe cleaned regularly?

* Whether to hire a qualified company to clean the smoke exhaust pipes of cooked food department, bakery, staff canteen, kitchen and tenant kitchen at least once every six months.

3. Is there a smoking area?

* Do employees and suppliers have outdoor smoking areas? (Note 1: If the smoking area is located indoors, it should be an independent room separated by a firewall and a fire door, and it should be ventilated. )

* Is there a clear "No Smoking" sign in the mall, especially behind the bathroom compartment door?

Sixteen, signs and notices

Is the sign below clear?

* Fire safety evacuation map-located in a conspicuous place next to the main passage, indicating the location and the nearest escape route.

* Above the exit door-sign "Exit, please do not block".

* Safety exit door-push rod lock-sign "Push this lever, the door will open and give an alarm".

* Name and status of fire fighting equipment. Such as the name of the fire damper, or the fire door-"normally closed" or "normally open";

* Is there a "beware of fire" sign on the wall and door of the kitchen post in the cooked food processing room?