Financial risk in a broad sense refers to the objective risks in the enterprise financial system. Due to various unpredictable and uncontrollable factors, the actual financial income of the enterprise deviates from the expected financial income, so it has the opportunity or possibility to suffer losses. The following are the financial risks and coping strategies of city gas enterprises that I brought to you. Welcome to reading.

First, the meaning of enterprise financial risk

Financial risk in a broad sense refers to the objective risks in the enterprise financial system. Due to various unpredictable and uncontrollable factors, the actual financial income of the enterprise deviates from the expected financial income, so it has the opportunity or possibility to suffer losses. In a narrow sense, financial risk refers to the loss of solvency and the change of shareholders' income caused by the debt operation of an enterprise. Enterprise financial risk refers to the opportunity or possibility of loss caused by the deviation of enterprise financial income from expected income due to various uncertain factors in the process of enterprise financial activities. The author believes that the analysis of enterprise financial risk should start with the generalized financial risk to make it more practical.

Second, the causes of financial risk analysis of urban gas enterprises

The main business of urban gas enterprises includes the investment and construction of urban gas pipeline network, the supply of natural gas to urban residents and industrial and commercial users, and the operation and maintenance of gas facilities. In recent years, the new investment and equipment maintenance investment of city gas enterprises are huge, and most of them are obtained through financing and borrowing, which leads to a sharp increase in asset-liability ratio and great pressure on debt risk to repay principal and interest. Based on the above reasons, the financial risks existing in city gas enterprises can be divided into the following aspects.

1, policy risk

Policy risk is the risk that national policies have on the capital operation and business activities of enterprises. The city gas industry faces many residents and users, which involves the national economy and people's livelihood. At the same time, the operation of city gas enterprises needs the franchise granted by the government. Therefore, the business development of gas enterprises is bound to be closely related to the requirements of national policies, and changes in policies may have adverse effects on enterprises. If the government policy changes divide the franchise scope to other enterprises, it will cause economic losses to city gas enterprises, such as losing big customers.

2. Price risk

Affected by international political, economic and military factors, the global natural gas product market fluctuates greatly, which directly or indirectly affects the domestic natural gas price. At the same time, the price of natural gas supply is affected by wellhead price, production cost and pipeline transportation cost, which makes city gas enterprises face the risk of rising gas intake cost. Because natural gas supply involves the national economy and people's livelihood, the determination of sales price needs complicated procedures such as price department audit and price hearing, so city gas enterprises need to bear the economic losses caused by the rising cost of gas intake and the inability to adjust the sales price in time.

3. Natural risks

City gas industry is a typical high-risk industry. At present, it is common that gas equipment is damaged by external forces, such as natural corrosion of gas pipeline network, third-party damage of gas pipeline network and equipment, etc. If a safety accident occurs in the gas pipeline network due to natural or man-made reasons, resulting in social property losses and even casualties, it will bring huge compensation losses to city gas enterprises.

4. Financing risk

Financing risk, also known as financing risk, refers to the uncertainty of financial results and the risk that the principal and interest cannot be paid because of borrowing funds. The city gas industry is a low-profit industry, lacking its own funds and solvency. In addition, city gas enterprises have the characteristics of large investment and high equipment maintenance cost, so enterprises must meet their business needs through external financing, which will lead to the risk of increased interest payment and debt due to poor capital turnover.

5. Investment risk

Investment risk refers to the uncertainty that an enterprise may bring to the expected return on investment due to various unpredictable or uncontrollable factors in its investment activities. Investment risk is caused by investment decision-making mistakes and deterioration of investment environment. City gas enterprises have the characteristics of large investment and long construction period, and it is easy to cause investment projects due to decision-making mistakes.

The project utilization rate is low or even idle, resulting in investment waste and investment risk.

6. Risk of fund management

Fund management risks include fund recovery risk and cash recovery risk. The risk of capital recovery refers to the risk brought by the uncertainty of conversion time and amount. Natural gas sales is one of the main businesses of city gas enterprises, and the sales mode is generally one month, ten days or one week, which will lead to the risk that the funds cannot be recovered on time after natural gas sales. Due to the particularity of operation, city gas enterprises involve a large number of cash receipts at business outlets in the process of collecting money, and there are risks such as cash loss, misappropriation and theft.

Third, city gas enterprises should deal with financial risks.

1, establish risk management awareness, and all employees participate in risk prevention.

First of all, we should realize that all kinds of financial risks faced by city gas enterprises are objective, and we should fully consider the potential risk factors before doing various business activities. At the same time, gradually establish the awareness of all employees to participate in risk prevention, enhance the ability of all employees to identify risks, identify risks and analyze risks, continue to carry out necessary business training, and always be prepared to deal with risks at work. In order to minimize financial risks, enterprise managers should strengthen scientific collective decision-making, have a clear understanding of the important responsibility of preventing financial risks, and avoid subjective decisions such as empirical decisions.

2. Actively take effective measures to deal with policy risks.

Policy risk and price risk exist objectively for city gas enterprises, but they are also difficult to control and avoid, and there are many uncontrollable factors. City gas enterprises should take corresponding measures against such risks, actively establish good communication channels with relevant government functional departments, put forward statements with sufficient basis and reasons, strive for the full support of the government for enterprise development to the maximum extent, and strive for the most suitable preferential policies for enterprise development within the scope permitted by policies to ensure that the interests of enterprises are not lost.

3. Strengthen safety management to ensure the safe operation of pipe network.

City gas enterprises should take safety management as the top priority, establish and improve the safety management system, and ensure that safety management is foolproof. Strengthen the inspection and maintenance of gas equipment and pipe network in daily work, and handle problems in time when found. For pipe networks and equipment that have reached a certain service life, it is necessary to focus on hidden dangers and invest special funds to rectify potential safety hazards. Safety authorities should strengthen the statistical analysis of potential safety hazards and accidents without responsibility, sum up experiences and lessons, and ensure the safe operation of the pipe network.

4, constantly improve the financial management system, improve the execution of the system.

The financial management system that meets the requirements of enterprise development is an indispensable part of modern enterprise standard management, and it is also an objective requirement to prevent enterprise financial risks. City gas enterprises face various financial risks. In order to better control and avoid risks, enterprises need to constantly improve and perfect the financial management system according to the actual situation, so that the content of the financial management system is more scientific, the regulations are more rigorous and clear, and it is more operable in the implementation process, which can play a role in preventing financial risks. After the establishment of the financial management system, it is necessary to strictly implement the requirements of the management system, continuously improve the execution of the financial management system, and impose necessary penalties on violations of the financial management system, so that the financial management system can truly become an important means of preventing risks.

5. Establish an early warning mechanism for enterprises and build a barrier against financial risks.

Financial risk early warning is to capture and monitor all kinds of subtle signs, measure the strength of a state deviating from the early warning line, send out early warning signals in time, help prevent it, and buy time for taking appropriate countermeasures. Therefore, enterprises should establish a real-time, comprehensive and dynamic financial early warning system to monitor the potential risks in their business activities in real time. The core business of city gas enterprises is the sales of natural gas, among which the sales proportion of industrial and commercial users is high. The gas recovery of large industrial and commercial users is an important link for city gas enterprises to control the risk of fund recovery, so it is particularly important to establish an early warning mechanism for gas recovery of industrial and commercial users. Keep track of the relevant information of industrial and commercial users at any time, and take corresponding measures as soon as possible when finding bad signs, so as to recover gas money as much as possible and reduce losses.

6. Properly handle financial risks and deal with them reasonably.

The handling of financial risks is the post-event control of risks. City gas enterprises should adhere to the principle of prudence, and establish corresponding risk funds for financial risks, that is, set up special funds for preventing risk losses through withholding or other forms before losses occur. After the loss occurs, it will be charged from the projects that have established risk funds, or it will enter the operating costs in batches to minimize the interference of financial risks on the normal activities of enterprises. Through effective treatment, we can make a reasonable response to financial risks and avoid the impact of financial risks on the normal operation of enterprises to the maximum extent.

In short, all kinds of financial risks objectively exist in the business activities of enterprises. City gas enterprises should constantly enhance their risk awareness, grasp the operating law of financial risks with a positive attitude, establish and improve their financial risk control mechanism, strengthen their financial risk management, standardize their financial management system, control and avoid financial risks to the maximum extent, and realize their sustained and steady development.

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