1. Summary of safety production management of hydropower stations
1. 1 Present situation of safe production of modern hydropower stations
With the continuous development of China's economy, the operation mode of hydropower industry is gradually changing. In the field of hydropower generation, the traditional operation methods mainly include: dynamic programming method, micro-increase rate method and so on. At present, the application of AGC in China is mainly based on power grid dispatching. For hydropower stations with small head change (that is, large storage capacity), the load is determined according to online demand information, and then the load is distributed among units by using the method of slight increase rate, that is, from load to minimum flow. Judging from the above usage, the initial software design was not based on the operating conditions of the hydro-generator set, which led to the unsatisfactory use effect of some power stations. Therefore, because the micro-increase rate method is completely derived from mathematical theory, its engineering practicability is facing great difficulties. In this regard, we need to continue to innovate to promote the safe production of this hydropower station.
1.2 What is the significance of safe production?
The important position and function of safety production in safety production management of hydropower station. The basic goal of enterprises to realize modern management is to make the production process run safely, stably, efficiently and with high yield by managing modern equipment, so as to continuously improve labor productivity and develop production. Only by doing a good job in safety production management can we achieve this basic goal. Workers' working environment is good, and they feel safe, healthy and secure in production, which will naturally give play to the spirit of ownership, improve production efficiency and make enterprises achieve good economic benefits. Therefore, as the leader of every enterprise, we must attach importance to the management of production safety, and take it as our sacred duty and obligation to protect the safety and health of workers, the integrity of production equipment and the smooth and efficient production. We must never treat this matter lightly.
It can be seen that the safety production management of hydropower stations is not only of great political significance, but also of great economic significance.
2. The importance of hydropower station construction safety management
The construction of hydropower station is a complex and arduous system engineering, which has the characteristics of many participants, many mechanical equipment, wide construction scope, complex structure, involving high altitude, blasting and other operations. The project itself determines the importance of safety control, which will lead to safety accidents if it is careless. Although governments at all levels in China pay more and more attention to the supervision of safe construction, safety accidents still occur from time to time. In this regard, the lesson of blood should arouse our great attention. The relevant competent departments should unremittingly supervise the safety management of hydropower station construction, ensure the safety and quality in the construction stage, safeguard the collective interests of the people, and maintain safety and stability.
3. Problems existing in the safety construction of hydropower stations
In recent years, hydropower enterprises have strengthened safety production leadership, conscientiously implemented safety laws and regulations, actively carried out safety management, and strengthened basic safety work. There are problems that can't be ignored: the responsibility system for safe production is not implemented. The responsibility system for production safety has not been established, the contents of rules and regulations for production safety are general, and the conditions do not meet the safety requirements. The power cord is exposed, the high-voltage equipment has no safety bulletin board, and the safety equipment has not passed the quality supervision department. The emergency rescue system is still not perfect. The actual emergency plans of most power stations are not strong, little or no emergency drills are organized, and safety training is not in place. Personnel are not specially trained, illegally employed without a license, and employees are not regularly trained in safety.
4. Research on the overall framework of safety management system for hydropower station construction projects.
Hydropower project construction is a very huge system engineering, involving all aspects, and a lot of work needs full-time, all-round, whole-process and all-weather management to ensure safety. Safety management system consists of safety assurance system and safety supervision system. The safety assurance system consists of organization assurance, safety system assurance, safety culture assurance and hazard identification and control. The safety supervision system supervises the safety guarantee system, and the ultimate goal is to realize the overall safety of people, machines, environment and management.
5. Analysis of safety factors in hydropower station construction
5. 1 analysis of human factors
In recent years, there are many problems in the construction safety of hydropower stations, which are mainly manifested as follows: the safety responsibility system has not been established and improved, the contents of laws and regulations on safety construction are too abstract and general, and the conditions are contrary to the safety requirements; Safety construction laws and regulations have not been implemented; High-voltage facilities are not affixed with safety billboards, and the safety implementation has not obtained the permission of the quality supervision unit; The power cord is exposed; Personnel work without a license and did not participate in special safety training; Imperfect emergency rescue system, failure to formulate emergency plan, inadequate safety training and failure to organize corresponding emergency drills have seriously affected the quality of engineering construction and easily caused safety accidents.
5.2 Factor analysis of building materials and mechanical equipment
The building materials of a project will affect the construction safety and quality of the project. Similarly, the same is true for the construction of hydropower stations. If the construction unit does not strictly check the quality of materials when purchasing building materials, and the building materials are kept too loosely, it will seriously affect the safety and quality of engineering construction. In addition, the construction of hydropower station is a project with long construction period and large engineering quantity, and many tasks need to be completed through the operation and operation of mechanical equipment [2]. Ensuring the working performance and integrity of construction facilities can effectively reduce its working intensity, improve its working efficiency, shorten the construction period, and also ensure the construction safety and quality of the project. Whether the technical characteristics and models of building facilities can meet the construction requirements of the project is one of the factors affecting the safety and quality of the project.
5.3 Analysis of construction environment factors
In the process of hydropower station construction, the influence of construction environment will also affect the quality and safety of the project. The construction environment factors mainly include the natural environment of the project, the production environment of the construction site and civilized construction. If designers do not carefully collect and survey all kinds of geological data and data in the construction site in the early stage of the project construction, it will easily lead to unqualified design drawings and affect the construction quality of the project. Therefore, the purpose of civilized production and civilized construction is to provide a good site environment for engineering construction and prevent and reduce the occurrence of related casualties.
6. Establish perfect safety management measures for hydropower station construction.
The establishment of hydropower stations in China has laid a more solid foundation for the utilization of national energy and played a great role in the growth of national economy. Establishing perfect safety management of hydraulic structures will surely become the focus of hydropower station management in China.
6. 1 Attach importance to the safety management of hydropower stations
There are many safety problems in hydropower stations, such as personnel operation, organization and construction design, unpredictable natural disasters, etc., which threaten the construction safety of hydropower stations all the time. Only by establishing a correct awareness of safety management, keeping safety management in mind, taking safety management as everyone's responsibility and attaching great importance to it can we minimize the occurrence of safety. In the process of safety management of hydropower stations, hydropower station management departments should vigorously publicize the safety prevention work of hydropower stations and truly implement the responsibility system.
6.2 Strengthen the safety management of aerial work.
At the same time of concrete pouring in hydropower station, the dam body is getting higher and higher, and aerial work often occurs during construction, which seriously threatens the life safety of construction personnel. The construction management department of hydropower station should do a good job in the safety management of aerial work, hang the safety protection net as required during the construction process, and do a good job in plugging the temporary holes in the dam body to ensure that the construction personnel wear the construction safety protection tools correctly when working at altitude, so as to ensure the personal safety of aerial work.
6.3 Improve the skills and quality of employees
The safety of hydropower station construction is closely related to the skills and quality of hydropower station construction personnel. Many hydropower station accidents are closely related to the accidents caused by the low skills and quality of front-line staff. When selecting hydropower station staff, we should do a good job to ensure the professional quality of the staff, and at the same time train the hydropower station staff regularly to establish a talent pool. At the same time, the safety management department should strengthen the selection of safety awareness of front-line workers and standardize the skills and safety awareness of front-line operators from various aspects.
6.4 Prevention and control of high slope disasters
Because most hydropower stations are built in alpine valleys, the slopes excavated on both sides of the dam are steep, trees and dangerous stones in a certain range outside the slope opening line are removed, the mountain will be affected by excavation, and the influence range of groundwater level adjustment on surface trees will be further expanded. Therefore, the treatment scope of surface trees and dangerous stones above the opening line needs to be further expanded during the slope opening construction, and the specific scope can be checked according to the influence scope of groundwater level. There may be animal activities around the mountain, and the boulder on the surface will slide down due to the change of groundwater level.
7. concluding remarks
To sum up, in the process of hydropower station construction, in order to do a good job in safety construction management, only by organizing employees to carry out safety education and training, constantly improving employees' safety awareness, establishing and improving relevant safety management systems, and implementing safety management of major hazards can we ensure the quality and safety of the whole project, so as to successfully realize the tasks and objectives of engineering safety construction.
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