How to use electrical appliances safely?
Nowadays, TV sets, refrigerators, washing machines, electric irons, hair dryers, electric fans and other household appliances are increasingly entering the family. When using household appliances, besides using electricity safely, we should also pay attention to the following points:
1. All kinds of household appliances have different uses and use different methods, some of which are more complicated. General household appliances should be studied and used under the guidance of parents, and dangerous appliances should not be used alone.
2. If there is smoke, sparks, burning smell, etc. , should immediately turn off the electrical appliances and stop using them.
3. Electric appliances such as hair dryers, rice cookers, electric irons and electric heaters will emit high heat when in use, and attention should be paid to keeping away from flammable items such as special paper and cotton cloth to prevent fire; At the same time, pay attention to avoid burns when using.
4. Avoid using electrical appliances in humid environment (such as toilet), and don't let electrical appliances get wet, which will not only damage electrical appliances, but also cause electric shock.
5. Fan blades of electric fans, dehydration cylinders of washing machines, etc. Rotate at high speed when working, and do not touch with hands or other objects to avoid injury.
6. In case of thunderstorm, please stop using the TV and unplug the outdoor antenna to prevent lightning strike.
7. Electrical appliances are easy to be damaged by moisture corrosion after being put on hold for a long time, so they need to be carefully checked before being reused.
8. When purchasing household appliances, you should choose qualified products with reliable quality.
2. Primary school students' knowledge of safe electricity use.
1. Don't touch the power switch and electrical appliances with wet hands to avoid ().
2. Don't connect too many plugs in the same socket, because when the load of the wire socket is too large, it is easy to cause wires ().
3. Don't touch the electrical switch when taking a bath, because water is easy to conduct electricity, so in case of leakage, it is easy to cause ().
4. When you want to check or repair electrical appliances, please turn on the power supply first ().
5. Don't insert metal objects into the socket at will, because metal objects are easy to conduct electricity, and the current will be conducted to you along the metal, causing the danger of ().
6. If there are children at home, please don't let the children use the socket as a toy, and don't insert your fingers into the socket, so as not to cause ().
7. Household appliances and wires should be avoided in damp places, and don't stand in the place () when starting the appliance.
8. Before use, the plug must be completely inserted into the socket, because if the contact is poor, it will cause the situation of ().
9. When the electric heater and iron are not in use, unplug them and cut off the power supply, so as not to cause a fire.
10. When purchasing electrical appliances, choose energy-saving and up-to-standard electrical appliances; Before using new electrical appliances, be sure to read this book carefully to understand the correct use. The voltage and current of new electrical appliances should be consistent with the power supply.
2. True or False (3* 10=30 points)
1, touch the power supply with a certain part of the human body. - ( )
2. Plug in the power plug with wet hands.
3, all kinds of electrical appliances, plugs and sockets, wires, lamps are damaged, aging phenomenon, can also be used. - ( )
Pupils can play with electricity in private. - ( )
5. Metal products can directly contact the power supply. - ( )
6. The wires on the roadside are all dropped, so you don't have to avoid them when you see them. - ( )
7. Don't bake clothes on electric heating equipment. - ( )
8. Take care of power facilities and don't fly kites near overhead wires and distribution transformers.
- ( )
9. Don't hang the clothesline on the wire. - ( )
10. It is strictly forbidden to set up power grids without permission, and to guard against theft, hunt, catch rats and fish with electricity. - ( )
Three. Short answer questions (10*4=40 points)
1. Why can't wet hands touch the live switch?
2 What should I do if there is an electrical fire?
3. How to educate children to use electricity safely
Learn the knowledge of safe electricity use online/info/fanghuoanquan/2006-5-18/150 _ 30756 Let children know about "electricity": the common sense of electricity use that children must know 2007-6-2710. Besides surprise, have you ever considered the harm caused to your baby by careless use of electricity? As a wise parent, he will always pay attention to electricity safety, set an example, teach his baby the knowledge of electricity safety as soon as possible, learn to protect himself and avoid accidents.
The baby must know 10 common sense of safe electricity use: 1, and learn to read the signs of safe electricity use. Red: used to mark the information of prohibition and stop. If you meet the red sign, you shouldn't touch it.
Yellow: used to mark danger. Such as "beware of electric shock" and "pay attention to safety".
2, understand the current through the human body will cause casualties. All metal products are conductive. Do not use these tools to directly touch the power supply.
For example, don't touch or test the inside of the power socket with your hands or conductive objects (such as wire, nails, pins and other metal products). 3. Usually, water is also conductive.
Electrical appliances should be careful not to get wet, do not touch them with wet hands, and do not wipe them with wet cloth. For example, when the TV is on, don't wipe it with a wet towel to prevent water droplets from falling into the cabinet and causing short circuit, machine damage and personal injury.
Wet hands can't connect the plug, which is easy to get an electric shock. 4, found someone get an electric shock to try to turn off the power in time.
Don't save people directly by hand, call for help from adults, and don't handle it yourself to prevent electric shock. Wood, rubber and plastic do not conduct electricity and are called insulators. These tools can directly contact the power supply and will not cause electric shock. You can use dry wooden sticks and other things to separate electric shock from live appliances.
5. Know the main power switch. Learn to turn off the main power supply in an emergency.
6, electrical appliances should be unplugged after use. Don't pull the wire hard when plugging and unplugging the power plug, in case the insulation of the wire is damaged, causing electric shock.
7. Don't disassemble or install the power cord, socket and plug at will. Even if it is as simple as installing a light bulb, it should be turned off first and carried out under the guidance of parents.
8. Don't hide when you see a fallen wire. For the * * * thread, you can't touch it with your hands.
9, next to the switch box, dangerous. Don't play near the switch, and don't move the switch at will to avoid short circuit and leakage.
10, lightning protection in rainy days. When it rains, thunders and flashes, turn off the TV and stereo and unplug the power supply.
4. Elementary school students' common sense of safe electricity use
1. Don't touch the power switch and electrical appliances with wet hands to avoid ().
2. Don't connect too many plugs in the same socket, because when the load of the wire socket is too large, it is easy to cause wires ().
3. Don't touch the electrical switch when taking a bath, because water is easy to conduct electricity, so in case of leakage, it is easy to cause ().
4. When you want to check or repair electrical appliances, please turn on the power supply first ().
5. Don't insert metal objects into the socket at will, because metal objects are easy to conduct electricity, and the current will be conducted to you along the metal, causing the danger of ().
6. If there are children at home, please don't let the children use the socket as a toy, and don't insert your fingers into the socket, so as not to cause ().
7. Household appliances and wires should be avoided in damp places, and don't stand in the place () when starting the appliance.
8. Before use, the plug must be completely inserted into the socket, because if the contact is poor, it will cause the situation of ().
9. When the electric heater and iron are not in use, unplug them and cut off the power supply, so as not to cause a fire.
10. When purchasing electrical appliances, choose energy-saving and up-to-standard electrical appliances; Before using new electrical appliances, be sure to read this book carefully to understand the correct use. The voltage and current of new electrical appliances should be consistent with the power supply.
2. True or False (3* 10=30 points)
1, touch the power supply with a certain part of the human body. - ( )
2. Plug in the power plug with wet hands.
3, all kinds of electrical appliances, plugs and sockets, wires, lamps are damaged, aging phenomenon, can also be used. - ( )
Pupils can play with electricity in private. - ( )
5. Metal products can directly contact the power supply. - ( )
6. The wires on the roadside are all dropped, so you don't have to avoid them when you see them. - ( )
7. Don't bake clothes on electric heating equipment. - ( )
8. Take care of power facilities and don't fly kites near overhead wires and distribution transformers.
- ( )
9. Don't hang the clothesline on the wire. - ( )
10. It is strictly forbidden to set up power grids without permission, and to guard against theft, hunt, catch rats and fish with electricity. - ( )
Three. Short answer questions (10*4=40 points)
1. Why can't wet hands touch the live switch?
2 What should I do if there is an electrical fire?
5. Electricity safety knowledge
1, the household power cord should not be overloaded, and the worn and aging power cord should be replaced in time to avoid accidents.
2. The general insurance of household power supply and household insurance should be equipped with a desk to protect household appliances. 3, temporary power supply to use qualified power cord, power plug, socket to be safe and reliable, damaged can't use, power cord connector should be wrapped with tape.
4. When the temporary power supply line is close to the high-voltage transmission line, it should keep a sufficient safe distance from the high-voltage transmission line (10KV and below 0.7 m, 35KV 1 m,10kVI.5m, 220KV3 m and 500KV5 m). 5, it is forbidden to wiring from public lines.
6, line connector should ensure good contact and reliable connection. 7, room decoration, hidden in the wall of the power cord should be placed in a special flame retardant sheath, the power cord section should meet the load requirements.
8. Use electric tools such as electric drills. Insulating gloves must be worn. 9, in case of household appliances on fire, should first cut off the power supply, and then put out the fire.
10, the wiring of household appliances must be correct. If in doubt, you should ask a professional.
1 1, household electricity should be equipped with qualified leakage protector with overvoltage protection function. Ensure personal safety when using household appliances.
12. When using elbows, household appliances should have good shell grounding and indoor public grounding. 13, wet hands can't touch live household appliances, can't use wet cloth to wipe household appliances in use, and power supply must be stopped before household appliances are repaired.
14, household electric heating equipment, heating equipment must be far away from gas tanks. When gas leakage is found in the gas pipeline, the window should be opened for ventilation first. If the power supply cannot be connected, professionals should be asked to repair it in time.
15. When using electric heating devices such as electric irons and soldering irons, be sure to stay away from flammable materials. After use, cut off the power supply and unplug the bolt to prevent accidents. 16. If household appliances are found damaged, please ask trained professionals to repair them. Do not disassemble it by yourself to prevent electric shock.
17. It is forbidden to drill wells, set up TV antennas and fish under high and low voltage wires. 18. Any broken wire, whether charged or not, shall be regarded as charged, and keep a sufficient safe distance from the broken wire point, and report to the relevant departments in time.
19, found that someone get an electric shock, can't direct contact with the electric shock, the application of wooden sticks or other insulation to remove the power cord, make the electric shock from the power supply. 20. Power plugs and sockets should be arranged out of children's reach, and the elderly and children at home should often be explained the common sense of safe electricity use at home to enhance their self-protection ability.
2 1. In case of direct contact with trees and buildings, trees should be cut down in time to prevent wires from being worn out, or insulation sleeves should be added to the household lines. 22. Walking on the sidewalks in urban areas in thunderstorm weather, don't touch trees, telephone poles and pole stays with your hands to prevent electric shock.
23, are not allowed to be close to or contact with any live parts of electrical appliances, especially the high-voltage output part of black-and-white and color TV sets, so as to avoid electric shock. 24, power switch shell and wire insulation damage or incomplete or live parts exposed, should immediately find an electrician to repair, otherwise are not allowed to be used.
25. Don't use the same cable for the convenience of telephone line and power line. Use different wires or cables, leaving a certain distance when laying. 26. On live household appliances or around worn wires, things with metal wires such as steel tape measure, tape measure and line ruler cannot be used for measurement.
27. It is forbidden to tie animals, ropes and cold things on the pole stay to avoid electric shock. 28. It is forbidden to use 220V power supply voltage for household doorbell and hair clipper, and safe voltage below 36V should be used.
29. When taking a bath, the household electric shower must first disconnect the power supply and have reliable measures to prevent sudden electrification. 30, advocate civilized and law-abiding electricity consumption, put an end to all forms of illegal, illegal stealing.
3 1. Touch and probe the inside of the power socket without hands or conductive objects (such as wires, nails, pins and other metal products); Don't touch wires without insulation; Contact the maintenance personnel in time if you find a thread with * * * *. 32. Don't touch the appliance with wet hands or wipe it with a wet cloth.
When water leakage is found around the electrical appliance, it should be temporarily stopped, and the maintenance personnel should be immediately notified to do insulation treatment, and then it can be resumed after the water leakage is eliminated. Avoid using electrical appliances in humid environment (such as toilet), and don't let electrical appliances get damp, damp or soak in water, so as to avoid personal injury caused by electric leakage.
33. Electric appliances such as electric light bulbs or hair dryers, rice cookers, electric irons and heaters will emit high heat in use. Pay attention to keep them away from flammable items such as paper and cotton cloth to prevent fire; At the same time, pay attention to avoid burns when using. Do not use high-heat light sources or other electrical appliances in mosquito nets, do not install electric lights in wardrobes, and turn off these electrical appliances when unattended.
34. Don't use multiple appliances on a multi-port socket at the same time. The place where the socket is used should be kept dry, and the socket wire should not be wound on the metal pipe.
The extension cord shall not pass through the carpet or wall hung with flammable materials, nor shall it be placed on the iron bed. 35, electrical plug must be plugged in, close contact, don't loose, so as not to generate heat.
Unplug the power plug in time after using the electrical appliances; When plugging and unplugging the power plug, hold the plug tightly and don't pull the wire hard to prevent the insulation of the wire from being damaged and causing electric shock; The insulation layer of the wire is peeling off, so it is necessary to replace the wire in time or wrap it with insulating tape. When an electrical appliance trips during use, you must unplug the power plug first, then contact the maintenance personnel to find out the cause of the trip, and check the electrical appliance fault before determining whether it can be used continuously to ensure safety.
36. In case of thunderstorm, stop using microcomputer and TV set and unplug outdoor antenna to prevent lightning strike. Electrical appliances are easy to be damaged by moisture and corrosion after being put aside for a long time, so they need to be carefully checked before being reused.
When purchasing electrical products, you should choose qualified products with recognized quality. It is necessary to eliminate aging electrical appliances in time, and it is strictly forbidden to extend the service of electrical appliances.
37. Don't disassemble or install the power cord, socket and plug at will. Do not destroy public electrical equipment such as safety indicator lights in the building.
Power consumption should not exceed the allowable load capacity of wires and circuit breakers. When adding large electrical appliances, it should be checked and approved by professionals, and large circuit breakers should not be replaced without permission, so as to avoid inadequate protection and fire.
38. Don't hang clothes on wires, and don't wrap metal wires (such as iron wire, aluminum wire and copper wire). ) power on.
6. Tomorrow I'm going to tell the kindergarten children about "knowledge of safe electricity use". Can someone provide it for me?
Situation exercise: Suddenly, a corner of Huang's house smelled of smoke and burning.
Discuss with children how to use electricity safely.
1, looking for signs of smoking (it turns out that Huang likes ironing clothes so much that he forgot to turn off the power and burned them)
2. Discuss with children how to use electricity safely at home. Ask the children to express their opinions. At this time, it is necessary to use clever guiding language to develop children's imagination and judgment on things.
3. The teacher summed up how to use electricity safely:
(1), don't play with the electrical plug, please help plug it in if necessary.
(2) Don't touch the power switch with wet hands.
(3) Before learning to operate, don't just press the knob and various keys on the electrical appliance. Only adults can operate household appliances, you can't touch them casually.
(4) Pay attention to saving electricity, turn off the lights when no one is around, and turn off the TV in time after watching.
7. How do primary school students use electricity safely?
First, learn to read the signs of safe use of electricity.
Clear and unified signs are important measures to ensure the safety of electricity use. Statistics show that many electrical accidents are completely caused by inconsistent signs. For example, because the wires are not uniform in color, the wires are connected to the casing of the equipment by mistake, which leads to electrification of the casing and contact casualties.
Signs are divided into color signs and graphic signs. Color signs are often used to distinguish wires with different properties and uses, or to indicate the safety level of a place. Graphical signs are usually used to warn people not to go near dangerous places. In order to ensure the safe use of electricity, color signs and graphic signs must be used in strict accordance with relevant standards. The standards adopted in China's safety color code are basically consistent with the draft international standard (ISD). The commonly used safety colors are as follows:
1, red: used to indicate prohibition, stop and fire fighting, such as signal lights, signal flags, emergency stop buttons on machines, etc. , all indicate "forbidden" information in red.
2. Yellow: used to mark danger. Such as "careful contact" and "pay attention to safety"
3, green: used to mark safety. For example, "working here" and "grounding gas".
4. Blue: used to mark enforcement, such as "Safety helmet must be worn".
5. Black: Geometry used to mark images, text symbols and warning signs.
According to the regulations, in order to facilitate identification, prevent misoperation and ensure the safety of operators and maintenance personnel, different colors are used to distinguish equipment features. Such as electrical bus, phase A is yellow, phase B is green, phase C is red, and the exposed grounding wire is painted black. In the secondary system, the AC voltage loop is yellow, the AC current loop is green and the signal and warning loop is white.
Second, the safety precautions:
With the continuous improvement of living standards, there are more and more places to use electricity in life. Therefore, it is necessary for us to master the following basic knowledge of safe use of electricity:
L, know the master switch, learn to turn off the master switch in an emergency.
2. Don't touch and test the inside of the power socket with your hands or conductive objects (such as wire, nails, pins and other metal products).
3. Don't touch the appliance with wet hands or wipe it with wet cloth.
4, electrical appliances should be unplugged after use; Don't pull the wire when plugging and unplugging the power plug to prevent the insulation of the wire from being damaged and causing electric shock; The insulation layer of the wire is peeling off, so it is necessary to replace the wire in time or wrap it with insulating tape.
5, found someone get an electric shock to try to turn off the power in time; Or use dry wooden sticks and other things to separate the electric shock victim from the charged electrical appliances, and don't save people directly by hand; Younger students should ask adults for help in this situation, and don't handle it by themselves to prevent electric shock.
6. Don't disassemble or install the power cord, socket and plug at will. Even if it is as simple as installing a light bulb, it should be turned off first and carried out under the guidance of parents.
Third, the common sense of home safety electricity use
1, the household power cord should not be overloaded, and the worn and aging power cord should be replaced in time to avoid accidents.
2. The total risk and home risk of household power supply should be reasonably configured to protect household appliances.
3, temporary power supply to use qualified power cord, power plug and socket to be safe and reliable. Damaged ones cannot be used, and the power cord connector should be wrapped with tape.
4. When the temporary power cord is close to the high-voltage transmission line, it should keep a sufficient safe distance from the high-voltage transmission line (10KV and below 0.7m; 35kV， 1m； 1 10kV， 1.5m； 220kv，3m； 500 kV, 5 meters).
5, it is forbidden to wiring from public lines.
6, line connector should ensure good contact and reliable connection.
7, room decoration, hidden in the wall of the power cord should be placed in a special flame retardant sheath, the power cord section should meet the load requirements.
8. Use electric tools such as electric drills. Insulating gloves must be worn.
9, in case of household appliances on fire, should first cut off the power supply, and then put out the fire.
10, the wiring of household appliances must be correct. Ask professionals if you have any questions.
1 1, household appliances should be equipped with qualified leakage protectors with overvoltage protection function to ensure personal safety when using household appliances.
12. When household appliances are used, they should have good shell grounding, and public grounding wires should be installed indoors.
13, wet hands can't touch live household appliances, can't use wet cloth to wipe household appliances in use, and power supply must be stopped before household appliances are repaired.
14, household electric heating equipment, heating equipment must be far away from gas tanks and gas pipelines. When the gas leaks, first open the window for ventilation, never turn on the power supply, and ask professionals to repair it in time.
15, using electric irons, soldering irons and other electric heating devices. Must stay away from flammable materials, cut off the power supply and unplug the bolt after use to prevent accidents.
8. Primary school students' electricity safety knowledge test paper
1) Know the main power switch and learn to turn off the main power in an emergency.
2) Do not touch or test the inside of the power socket with hands or conductive objects (such as iron wire, nails, pins and other metal products). 3) Don't touch the appliance with wet hands or wipe it with a wet cloth.
4) Unplug the electrical appliance after use; Don't pull the wire when plugging and unplugging the power plug to prevent the insulation of the wire from being damaged and causing electric shock; The insulation layer of the wire is peeling off, so it is necessary to replace the wire in time or wrap it with insulating tape. 5) If someone gets an electric shock, try to turn off the power in time; Or use dry wooden sticks and other things to separate the electric shock victim from the charged electrical appliances, and don't save people directly by hand; Younger students should ask adults for help in this situation, and don't handle it by themselves to prevent electric shock.
6) Do not disassemble or install the power cord, socket and plug at will. Even if it is as simple as installing a light bulb, it should be turned off first and carried out under the guidance of parents.
7) In case of smoke, sparks and burning smell. If it is found to be in use, the power switch should be turned off immediately and stopped. 8) Cut off the power supply before going to bed or when leaving home.
For reference.