The comprehensive written examination of public health qualification is all in the form of multiple-choice paper-and-pencil examination. The traditional question-and-answer examination scoring method lacks scientific and unified standards, which is subjective, arbitrary and limited in examination scope. The multiple-choice examination eliminates these defects and is an important embodiment of fairness, justice and standardization of the examination. The comprehensive written examination of doctor qualification adopts type A (the best multiple-choice question) and type B (compatibility question), and there are five kinds of questions: A 1, A2, B 1, A3 and A4.

I. a 1

(Single-sentence best multiple-choice question): Each question consists of 1 stem and 5 alternative answers. The stem of this question is a narrative sentence. Among the alternative answers, only 1 is the best choice, which is called the correct answer, and the other four are interference answers. The interference answer is either completely incorrect or partially correct.

Note: There are five alternative answers, A, B, C, D and E, under each question. Please select 1 the best answer and black the box corresponding to the letter of the question number on the answer sheet.

Second, type A2 problem.

(Case summary type best multiple choice question): The structure of the question is 1 brief medical record, and there are five alternative answers to choose from, of which 1 is the best choice.

Answer note: each question appears in a small box, under which there are five alternative answers: a, b, c, d and e. Please select 1 the best answer and black the box corresponding to the letter of the question number on the answer sheet.

Three. Type B 1 questions.

(Standard Compatibility Question): There are five alternative answers at the beginning of the question, and at least two questions are put forward after the alternative answers, requiring candidates to choose an answer closely related to each question. In a set of questions, each alternative answer can be selected once or more, but it can also be selected once.

Answer Notes: The following groups of questions are provided, and each group of questions * * * uses the five alternative answers listed before the question: A, B, C, D and E. Please select 1 answers that are most closely related to the question, and black the box corresponding to the letter of the question number on the answer sheet. Alternative answers can be selected once, multiple times or none. (Questions 3 to 4 * * * are all dry goods)

Four. A3 type problem

(Case-group optimal multiple-choice question): The structure of the test questions is to describe a patient-centered clinical scene first, and then ask 2-3 related questions, each of which is related to the original clinical scene, but the test sites are different and the questions are independent of each other.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) A4 problem

(Case-string best multiple-choice question): Start with a clinical scenario centered on a single patient or family, and then ask 3-6 related questions. When the disease develops gradually, new information can be gradually added. Sometimes some secondary or presupposed hypothetical information is stated, which is not necessarily related to the specific patient described in the case. The order in which information is provided is very important for answering questions. Each question is related to the initial clinical scenario and subsequent changes. Answering such questions must be based on the information provided by the questions.

Instructions for answering A3/A4 questions: The following are several cases, and each case has several questions. Please choose 1 best answer from the five alternative answers of A, B, C, D and E under each test question according to the information provided in the test questions, and black the box corresponding to the letter of the corresponding question number on the answer sheet. In a prospective cohort study on the relationship between bladder cancer and smoking, it was found that the incidence of bladder cancer in male smokers was 48.0/65438+ million, and that in non-smokers was 24.4/10 million.