First, the accumulation of famous sentences, thick accumulation and thin hair
Some students are dumbfounded at the sight of the composition topic, and their brains are blank and there is nothing to say. In fact, there is no writing material in my heart, so I can't write it naturally. This requires students to learn to accumulate writing materials. This is a good way to accumulate famous sentences. "Accumulate knowledge and store treasure", the famous sentence is a process of collecting broken jade, making it accumulate over time and become your own cornucopia. The accumulation of famous sentences plays an extremely important role in writing, so we should persevere and avoid interruption and negligence. Otherwise, valuable information may be missed in vain.
There are two ways to accumulate famous sentences. One is to accumulate famous sentences from textbooks, and the card method is enough. Card method is to write down the proverbs, aphorisms and proverbs that you think are valuable and practical. The articles in the textbook are all famous works, especially ancient poems and classical Chinese, among which famous sentences abound, which are rich in ideas and materials and can be used for composition.
The second is to accumulate famous sentences from extracurricular reading, which can be extracted. Abstraction means that when we read, we transcribe wonderful sentences that are of reference value, can be quoted and can be used for reference. Excerpts should be recorded according to the original text, and the original text and punctuation should not be added, deleted or changed. There are so many extracurricular books that you should focus on reading. The famous books recommended in "Chinese Curriculum Standard" and "Suggestions for Extracurricular Reading" should be the main reading items, and students are required to find as many books as possible to read.
Whether using card method or abstract method, the source should be indicated at last, such as title, page number, publishing house, layout, publication period, author's name, etc., so as to facilitate future verification. Through reading in and out of class, students can accumulate a large number of famous articles and sentences, and they can learn from others when writing.
Second, expand imitation writing and be willing to express.
The writing teaching strategy in New Exploration of Chinese Curriculum puts forward that "cherish their enthusiasm, impulse and desire to speak and write, and keep this enthusiasm, interest and confidence." The best way to do this is to expand and imitate writing. Expansion can start with phrase expansion. A phrase is a combination of words. The most basic combination is two words, but the combination of phrases is not limited to two words, sometimes three or more words, such as "middle school Chinese textbook" and "study grammar seriously" are three words, and "middle school Chinese textbook teaching method" and "we study grammar seriously" are four words. The combination of these words is actually derived from the combination of two words, which is phrase expansion. In the expansion exercise, teachers should cherish students' enthusiasm for speaking and writing, choose some simple and easy-to-expand words for students to expand freely, or let students write words that they think are easy to expand at will, encourage them to dare to speak and write, and make them willing to express. Example: the teacher asked the students to develop "beauty and broadness", and the students immediately developed "beauty and broadness and richness" and "beauty and broadness and greatness"; Then let the students expand themselves. One student put forward the idea of "improving the level", and the other students started "improving the level", "improving the living standard of ordinary people" and "improving the living standard of ordinary people as much as possible" in turn. "A stone stirs up a thousand waves", students' enthusiasm for writing was quickly mobilized, and they began to actively expand phrases. Teachers should keep students' enthusiasm and interest in writing and let them continue to expand phrases. Of course, phrase expansion is not a bunch of words, but a need for expression. In order to enrich the expression of meaning, this should be made clear to students.
On the basis of guiding students to write, let them imitate. Imitation is the imitation of sentence patterns, which is based on specific language situations and designated reference objects. Imitation should be closely related to the theme, harmonious in style, consistent in structure and rhetoric. The most important thing is to grasp the context, understand the structure and meaning of the imitation object, and achieve "both form and spirit." Imitation sentences are broad-minded and have references. Students are confident, interested in expressing themselves and naturally willing to express themselves.
Third, it is not limited to style and easy to write.
The writing teaching strategy in "New Exploration of Chinese Curriculum" puts forward that "there should not be too many rules and regulations at the beginning of writing, so that they can let go of their hands and feet to write and eliminate their fear of writing. Let them write well and write if they can. " This actually encourages students to express themselves freely, write whatever they want, and write whatever they want, without being bound by style. Students are generally afraid of writing. In order to eliminate their fears, teachers should be close to students' reality, guide students to pay attention to real life, give full play to their role, and write their best styles: diaries, letters, fairy tales, fables, essays, novels, practical articles and so on. As long as it is the truth, the truth and the students' mind, the teacher must affirm and encourage it, even if it seems childish and ridiculous to the teacher, it is also precious. Because it is not limited by style, students have something to write and it is easy to write, thus eliminating the fear of writing.
Fourth, modify and polish the text from.
Review is an important link to improve middle school students' writing ability. Many students regard writing as a burden, and they are reluctant to revise the article after barely completing the task. Teachers should guide students to learn to review. Just like Comrade Ye Shengtao advocated that articles should be corrected by himself, read more and correct more. He said: "After writing, read him several times, at least two or three times ... you can usually hear anything meaningless, nonsense or inappropriate." In short, it is necessary to read more and change more, and the composition has made rapid progress. " Students who write carefully have the same experience: after writing the article and reading it carefully, you will find some problems; If these mistakes are corrected, the article will be better. This is precisely "the text comes from reform" and "it is better to change it well than to change it well".
There are many places to consider when revising the article, such as the consideration of viewpoints, the choice of materials, the arrangement of structure and the scrutiny of language. Teachers can start with language modification when they begin to guide students to modify. Through modification, the language becomes accurate, clear and easy to understand. Key consideration: is this word appropriate? Is the sentence structure reasonable? Is the sentence coherent? Is the hierarchy clear? Is the language appropriate? Let the students combine "writing" with "revision", regard "revision" as an equally important part of "writing", and break the old concept that "article revision is a teacher's business". Do "three points of composition, seven points of revision", write satisfactorily, change satisfactorily, and add color to the article. When students learn to revise, their writing ability will naturally improve.
To improve students' writing ability, all roads lead to Rome instead of Huashan since ancient times. Different methods and paths can lead to the same goal. As long as it can be close to students' reality, it is an effective method to make them happy to write, express easily and tell their true feelings. The above four points are only for attracting jade.