Judge Clarke J. pointed out in the case of "TheFjordWind": "seaworthiness refers to the state of the ship, not whether the owner has acted cautiously or fulfilled his obligations. The only connection between a reasonable and prudent shipowner's standard (and seaworthiness) is whether he takes measures to correct the defect if he knows it. "
It is worth noting that airworthiness is a relative concept. For different transport risks caused by different voyages, different cargoes, different sea areas or different seasons, the requirements for airworthiness are different. The seaworthiness of a ship does not require absolute safety of the ship, nor does it require the ship to be equipped with all the most modern safety equipment. Some international organizations, such as the Chamber of Commerce, have formulated a series of technical indicators for personnel training and ship safety, which should only be used as an important reference for ship seaworthiness, and should not be used as the only basis for judging whether a ship is seaworthy.
Therefore, there is no uniform standard for airworthiness. In a specific case, the judge must judge whether the ship is seaworthy according to the specific circumstances. It is very likely that ships in the same state are seaworthy in this case and seaworthy in another case.