I. Introduction to the Red Cross Society

The Red Cross Society of Nanjing University of Science and Technology was established in 1978, and the Red Cross Student Branch was established in 1998. Since its establishment, Nanjing University of Science and Technology has a large number of members, with an average of 100 to 200 people per year. Since its establishment, it has carried out a series of activities with the slogan of "Dedicating your love and passing on the true feelings of the world" and adhering to the spirit of "humanity, fraternity and dedication".

In recent years, the Red Cross Society of South Institute of Technology has successively won the honors of "2002-2004 Jiangsu Free Blood Donation Promotion Award", "Second Prize of Jiangsu Health Knowledge Competition" and "Mobile Blood Station of Jiangsu Blood Center", and won the first prize of Xuanwu District Red Cross Society for seven consecutive years. In 2007, our school was awarded the title of "First Jiangsu Red Cross Demonstration School" by the Provincial Department of Education and the Provincial Red Cross Society. In June 2007, at present, the Red Cross Society of South Institute of Technology is making unremitting efforts to create a "National Red Cross Model School".

Second, the organizational structure

President of the Red Cross Society of Nanjing University of Science and Technology: in charge of school leaders.

Vice president: leaders of the Youth League Committee and the Academy.

Secretary-General: Deputy Secretary in charge of the Youth League Committee.

Set up the school red cross office, responsible for daily work and office.

The room is located in the Youth League Committee and consists of the following personnel:

Director: Deputy Secretary in charge of the Youth League Committee (concurrently)

Deputy director: the deputy director in charge of the hospital

Create another secretarial post. To guide the work of the student branch of the Red Cross. The student branch of the Red Cross Society consists of five permanent departments: office, propaganda department, training department, activity department and public relations department, and each department has a minister and a deputy minister. Every branch has a Red Cross branch.

Third, the department setting

The Red Cross Student Branch consists of five permanent departments: office, propaganda department, training department, activity department and public relations department.

Office: responsible for the archives management of the Red Cross student branch and the supervision and guidance of the archives of various departments; Under the authorization of the backbone regular meeting, be responsible for the formulation and revision of various rules and regulations of the Red Cross Student Branch; Responsible for daily writing and editing; Responsible for the collection and arrangement of relevant manuscripts and publicity materials. ; Responsible for the work of the student branch Council.

Propaganda Department: responsible for the publicity of various activities of the Red Cross, including pre-publicity, photo preservation, post-reporting and website construction. Another responsibility of the propaganda department is to be responsible for regular knowledge popularization.

Training department: responsible for the education and quality improvement of internal members and the recruitment and training of the Red Cross student branch. At the same time, he is responsible for the innovation and guidance of emergency medical care and peer education activities.

Activity department: responsible for the planning and summary of activities, the deployment of personnel, the application of venues, and the organization and supervision of the whole activity.

Public relations department: responsible for the contact with other student organizations in the school, responsible for the communication with student organizations such as the Red Cross Society of brother schools, and maintaining good communication and cooperation.

Fourth, special activities

1. Prepare for disaster relief.

2, to carry out health care and disease prevention knowledge publicity activities;

3, participate in blood transfusion, blood donation propaganda work, promote blood donation activities;

4. Organize members and volunteers to carry out social service activities and other humanitarian services;

5. Carry out fund-raising activities according to law and establish a "love warehouse" to store materials donated by teachers and students.

6. Open "Bo 'ai Supermarket" to help those in need inside and outside the school while meeting the needs of students' study and life.

7. Carry out school-wide peer education to promote the healthy development of students' body and mind.

8. Establish a "first aid development camp" to train first aid knowledge and leadership skills.

9. Carry out other worldwide publicity activities, such as World No Tobacco Day on May 30th, World Blood Donor Day on June 14, and World AIDS Day on February 18.

Chapter II Voluntary Blood Donation

First, the concept of "unpaid blood donors" recognized by the international community.

A blood donor recognized by the international community is a person who voluntarily provides his own blood, plasma or other blood components for free in order to save others' lives. Both cash and gifts can be regarded as substitutes for money, including holidays and trips, while small souvenirs and refreshments, as well as paying transportation expenses, are reasonable.

Second, the health standards of blood donors.

1, age: 18-55 years old;

2. Weight: male ≥ 50kg, female ≥ 45kg;

3. Blood pressure: 12-20/8- 12 KPa, pulse pressure difference 4-5 kPa (kPa) or

90-140/60-90mmhg, pulse pressure difference ≥ 30mmhg;

4, the heart and lungs are normal, the liver and spleen are not swollen, and the body temperature is normal;

5. Blood specific gravity: male ≥ 1.052, female ≥1.050;

6. alanine aminotransferase ≤25 units;

7. HBsAg is negative;

8. Hepatitis C virus (HCV antibody) is negative;

9, HIV (HIV antibody) negative;

10, syphilis test was negative;

1 1, and other symptoms that doctors think can't donate blood.

If you can pass the above examination, you are a healthy and happy blood donor!

Iii. Matters needing attention before and after blood donation

Before donating blood, try to rest properly and get enough sleep. In order to ensure the quality of blood, you can eat some light food the night before blood donation and in the morning, and don't eat too greasy food, because transfusion of blood containing a lot of oil is easy to cause transfusion reaction of patients. Donate blood on an empty stomach.

Don't be nervous when donating blood, and work closely with the medical staff.

After donating blood, compress the needle eye for 3-5 minutes. Don't do strenuous activities for a day or two, keep the eye of the needle clean and avoid infection. Sometimes it gets a little tight around the eye of the needle. This is because a small amount of blood flows out of the blood vessels and will subside in a few days. Make a hot compress if necessary.

4. Will donating 200-400 ml of blood affect your health?

Citizens who meet the requirements for blood donation will donate 200-400 ml at a time, which will never affect their health. This can be explained from the following aspects:

① In terms of blood volume, an adult's total blood volume accounts for about 8% of his body weight, that is, an adult weighing 50 kilograms has a total blood volume of about 4,000 ml, and donating 200-400 ml at a time only accounts for1/20-10;

② From the point of blood circulation, the blood in adults does not completely flow in blood vessels, and about 20%-25% is stored in "blood bank", that is, organs such as liver and spleen. Only in an emergency will the blood in the blood bank be mobilized to participate in blood circulation, thus maintaining the physiological balance of blood;

5. How long does it take to return to normal after donating 200-400 ml of blood at a time?

According to the observation of blood donation at home and abroad for many years, almost at the same time of blood donation, blood recovery began. First of all, in the "blood bank" of the body

Our blood will be released immediately to participate in blood circulation. In addition, the water and sodium salt in blood recovered within 0-2 hours after blood donation, while the blood

Protein 1-2 days recovered, but red blood cells recovered slowly, and it took about 10 days to reach the number before blood donation.

In a word, it takes about 10 days to donate 200-400 ml of blood and all blood components will return to normal.

6. Will blood donation infect diseases?

This is absolutely impossible. Needles and blood bags used in blood stations and blood donation points are strictly sterilized disposable articles. Every blood donor uses a new set of blood bags and needles, so it is absolutely safe.

7. What recognition will unpaid blood donors get?

In order to encourage the noble behavior of voluntary blood donation and commend its selfless dedication to society, the Ministry of Health and the China Red Cross Society set up the following commendation grades according to the amount of voluntary blood donation:

◆ Those who donate more than 3400ML of blood for free with the Golden Cup Award.

◆ Gold medal rewards those who donate more than 2400ML of blood for free.

◆ Silver medal rewards blood donation 1600ML or more.

◆ Bronze medal rewards blood donation 1000ML or more.

◆ Commemorative medals reward the first unpaid blood donors.

Free blood donors or their immediate family members can use blood for free when they need it because of illness.

Eight, where is blood donation safe?

Generally speaking, there are many ways to announce the legal blood collection places and blood collection institutions in blood donation institutions. In these places, you don't usually get sick or anything. But look at it in the following forms:

Blood centers, some qualified large hospitals and regional blood donation rooms, street blood collection points, etc.

Jiangsu blood center

Address: No.0/79, Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu.

Tel: 025-854 1 1569

Postal code: 2 10042

Website: www.jsblood.com.cn

Chapter III Medical First Aid

First, military training first aid

When you enter the university, the first thing you experience is military training. Although it has entered September, the weather in Nanjing is so repeated, so be careful to be bitten by the "autumn tiger".

During military training, the school will issue cold drink coupons, but it is not appropriate to use drinks instead of boiled water; Soft drinks, fruit juice, cola and other beverages contain more saccharin and electrolyte, which will stimulate the stomach, affect digestion and appetite, and increase the burden on the kidneys. Moreover, you can't eat too many cold drinks, and the gastrointestinal tract is stimulated by a lot of cold food, which will accelerate peristalsis and shorten the residence time of things in the gastrointestinal tract, which will directly affect the digestion and absorption of food nutrition by the human body. At the same time, the temperature in the gastrointestinal tract is high, and sudden cold stimulation may lead to gastrointestinal spasm and abdominal pain.

After returning from military training, some students like to take a cold bath in order to get rid of sweat and heat as soon as possible. However, because the body absorbs a lot of heat in the sun, such as "rapid cooling", the pores of the whole body will close quickly, and the heat cannot be emitted, which will stay in the body and cause high fever; At the same time, it will make people dizzy and even cause shock because of the rapid contraction of brain capillaries. So the best way is to drink a little water first, and then take cooling measures after sweating and drying.

Essential drugs for heatstroke prevention in summer

Ren Dan: It can clear away heat and dry dampness. Mainly used for dizziness, chest tightness, abdominal pain and diarrhea caused by heatstroke, and also used for carsickness and seasickness.

Ten drops of water: it can clear the summer heat and dispel the cold. It is suitable for dizziness, nausea and vomiting, chest tightness and diarrhea caused by heatstroke.

Huoxiang Zhengqi Water: It can clear away heat and relieve summer heat and relieve exterior syndrome. It is suitable for dizziness, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea caused by common cold in summer.

Cool oil: it can clear away heat and detoxify. Can be used for treating dizziness and headache caused by summer heat or diarrhea caused by thirst.

Second, the daily first aid

1, stop breathing (artificial respiration)

Tip: First, let the patient lie on his back and tilt his head backwards to ensure unobstructed respiratory tract. If there are blood clots, vomit, dentures and other foreign bodies in the mouth, they should be taken out as soon as possible. Then artificial respiration: the rescuer takes a deep breath first, then holds the patient's nose and blows him mouth-to-mouth like a balloon, taking care not to leak. Blow air every 5 seconds and repeat. When the mouth cannot be opened or there is serious trauma in the mouth, air can be sent from the nose for artificial respiration.

2. Cardiac arrest (chest compression)

Tip: First, let the patient lie on a hard bed or flat ground and unbutton his coat. The rescuer placed the palm root of one hand on the lower third of his sternum and pressed the other hand on the back of his hand (Figure 1). The rescuer keeps his arms vertical and keeps pressing down the weight of his upper body at a frequency of about 70 times per minute (Figure 2). When pressing, the intensity should be moderate, and the sternum should sink 3 ~ 5 cm at a time. Note that the palm of your hand should never leave the pressing part.

3. No heartbeat and breathing (cardiopulmonary resuscitation)

Tip: After breathing and heartbeat stop, the brain will be deprived of oxygen soon, and half of the brain cells will be damaged within 4 minutes. Only 1/4 people can be saved.

When performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation, firstly, the heart inside the left nipple of the patient's chest beats rhythmically for 2 ~ 3 times, and the fist is 20 ~ 30 cm away from the chest to master the percussion strength. If the pulse still does not recover, mouth-to-mouth resuscitation should be done four times in a row immediately, and then chest compressions should be performed. When a person performs cardiopulmonary resuscitation, he/she performs 1.5 cardiac compressions, and then performs artificial respiration twice. When they cooperate with cardiopulmonary resuscitation, they first do artificial respiration four times in a row. Then, one person stopped after five consecutive heart compressions, and the other person did artificial respiration.

3, drowning

Tip: When rescuing the drowning person, you must use a life buoy, ball or wooden board. Except full-time lifeguards, even swimmers should not approach drowning people with their bare hands. After the drowning person is rescued, his breathing and heartbeat should be checked immediately. If breathing stops, artificial respiration should be performed immediately. First, blow four times continuously from mouth to mouth. Observe whether it will resume spontaneous breathing within five seconds. If there is no response, artificial respiration should be continued until spontaneous respiration is resumed. If the drowning person has no breathing or heartbeat, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be implemented immediately. If the drowning person drinks a lot of water, when he is conscious, he can put his knee against his back, hold his upper abdomen with one hand, and open his mouth with the other hand to let him spit, so that the drowning person can spit on his knee face down.

Step 4 rupture

Tip: After the fracture is diagnosed, the injured limb must be fixed before being sent to the hospital. Otherwise, the abnormal movement of the broken end will aggravate the injury. According to local conditions, you can use wooden boards, sticks, branches, bamboo poles, magazines, etc. to do splint fixation. If there is no material, the upper limb can be fixed on the trunk and the lower limb can be fixed on the opposite healthy limb.

5, traumatic bleeding

Tip: ① Small or superficial wounds should be washed with cold boiled water or clean tap water first, but do not remove coagulated blood clots. (2) Do not touch, press or pull out foreign bodies such as glass sheets and knives when they are inserted into the wound. You can squeeze the edges of both wounds together, wrap them with sterile gauze and bandage, and go to the hospital immediately. (3) Collision, impact injury, subcutaneous hemorrhage, swelling and pain can be covered with sterile gauze or clean towel, and cold-packed with ice packs for half an hour, and then pressure-packed to relieve pain and swelling. People who are seriously injured should go to the hospital. (4) If there is bleeding in the wound, cover the wound with a clean towel or sterile gauze, apply pressure 10 ~ 20 minutes to stop bleeding, and then apply pressure for dressing. Go to the hospital for treatment as appropriate.

6. Teach you a few tricks

In daily life, accidental injuries are inevitable and sometimes unpredictable. When an accident happens, if you don't carry medical first aid items with you, you will miss the chance of first aid. In fact, as long as you use your head, you can adapt to local conditions. Here are some suggestions for you, so you might as well try.

1. Stockings: can be used as bandages in an emergency.

2. Ligation: In case of fracture, the splint can be fixed or used as a tourniquet.

3. Thousands of clean bath towels: they can be used as triangular towels or thick dressings.

4. Handkerchiefs and handkerchiefs: Fully ironed with an electric iron or sterilized at high temperature in a microwave oven under wet conditions, which can be used as disinfection dressings.

5. magazines, rulers, thick wrapping paper, umbrellas and crutches: in case of fracture, they can be used as splints.

6. Plastic wrap: After removing the surface several times, it can be directly covered on the broken wound to play a temporary protection role, and plastic wrap can also play a similar role.

The fourth chapter bone marrow donor.

First, the basic knowledge of bone marrow donors

To carry out bone marrow transplantation, we must first find a bone marrow donor that is completely equivalent to HLA. This process is called HLA matching. HLA is the abbreviation of human leukocyte antigen, which is determined by heredity. Equivalent to the "identity card" of the human body, it is a sign that immune cells of different individuals recognize each other. In bone marrow transplantation, the three pairs of HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DR sites of donor and recipient are completely the same, so hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be carried out.

The probability of identical HLA matching between siblings is 1/4, but at present, there are fewer and fewer opportunities for domestic compatriots to donate bone marrow. Therefore, it is necessary to turn to the society to find HLA-compatible donors. Because HLA antigens are highly polymorphic, each HLA locus has dozens or even more alleles. After permutation and combination, the probability that HLA is identical among non-relatives is very small, about110000 ~11000. Therefore, it is of practical significance to establish a bone marrow bank including tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of voluntary donors.

A normal person has about 3kg of bone marrow, but only donates about10g of hematopoietic stem cells at a time. 1 ~ 2 weeks later, it will return to normal. Now donating bone marrow is like donating blood. After using modern technology to drive hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow to blood, they can be separated from blood only by using a blood cell separator. In this process, the donor is painless, does not need anesthesia, and is not dangerous to the donor. As we said before, hematopoietic stem cells have a strong self-replication function, and the human body will restore the original number of hematopoietic stem cells in a short time after donating bone marrow.

Second, the bone marrow donor step

1. Fill in the blood online bone marrow donor volunteer registration form; Jiangsu Blood Online will take good care of your information and hand it over to Jiangsu Blood Center.

2. The relevant institutions will arrange for you to have a blood test (5ml) at an appropriate time, and store the HLA typing after the blood test in the computer database for patients to find a match;

3. The initial matching is the same, and the bone marrow bank will inform you for further testing;

4. If the match is exactly the same, the staff of the bone marrow bank will give you a detailed introduction to the donation process, and you must have a general examination;

5. When you donate blood, you are completely awake. Collect hematopoietic cells (50 ml in total) from your arm vein, enrich them through a blood cell separator, and return the rest of the blood to the human body.

3. Are bone marrow donor people harmful to health?

Donating bone marrow will not affect people's health. Many people think that donating bone marrow is extracting spinal cord, which is a complete misunderstanding. Bone marrow transplantation needs red bone marrow-hematopoietic stem cells in human body.

An adult's bone marrow weighs 3 kg, and donors who provide less than 10 g of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells can save the life of a leukemia patient. So it will not weaken its immune function and hematopoietic capacity.