TIS, an insurance company's risk management service provider, is a "newborn" developed by IDI in China. As an independent, impartial and professional third-party quality risk management and control organization, TIS is only responsible for insurance companies, monitoring the whole process of construction projects, providing quality risk supervision, inspection and evaluation and other related services, and providing additional services for the traditional engineering quality management system.
At present, TIS institutions in China are still in the initial stage of development. This paper will proceed from the current development situation, grasp the future trend, and put forward some thoughts on the development of TIS institutions.
1 and the development of TIS institutions.
In terms of organizational structure, TIS institutions in China are mostly Grade A supervision institutions, qualified graphic inspection institutions and engineering inspection institutions, and there are also many insurance technology institutions and construction technology institutions: among the 13 designated TIS institutions announced in Shanghai, there are engineering consulting companies represented by Shanghai Jianke, construction supervision companies represented by Shanghai Jianjian and Hong Kong Hui, and insurance technology institutions represented by Sheng 'an Insurance Technology; In the list of Beijing IDI commercial risk management service providers, there are scientific research institutions represented by China Institute of Building Standards Design and Research, and risk management consulting companies represented by He Chengrui Zheng. Zhejiang Province also entrusts the Provincial Institute of Building Science as a risk control institution. On the one hand, these institutions have some problems such as lack of talents and single specialty. From the whole process of risk control services, they still need specialization, refinement, specialization and innovation. On the other hand, the qualification requirements of TIS institutions and the threshold of TIS staff's ability and experience are still unclear.
Judging from the work content, at present, TIS in China mainly focuses on construction quality inspection, with less emphasis on design quality inspection and raw material quality inspection, which is why TIS institutions and supervision institutions are often compared in theory and practice. According to the claim data of foreign engineering quality insurance accidents, 70% of engineering quality accidents are related to design quality. In view of this situation, the Work Specification for Quality Risk Control Institutions of Construction Project Quality Potential Defects Insurance issued by China Insurance Association at the end of 20 18 put forward clear working standards for quality risk control institutions for the first time, requiring that the work scope of TIS institutions should cover survey, design, construction, commissioning, completion acceptance, use and maintenance. Of course, the evaluation mechanism and accountability mechanism of TIS institutions still need to be established.
From the perspective of role orientation, TIS organization lacks legal status, has no contractual relationship with all parties involved in the construction, and there is some resistance in its work. China's existing engineering quality management system includes construction drawing design document review system, engineering supervision system and material inspection system, as well as five quality responsibility subjects: construction, survey, design, construction and supervision. However, the work content of TIS does overlap with the existing quality management work, and the work of TIS cannot be separated from the cooperation of all links in engineering construction. How to embed the system, coordinate all parties and affect the survival of TIS.
2. Forecast the development trend of TIS institutions.
From the development path, TIS will continue to follow three historical paths: first, TIS institutions that have been engaged in quality control abroad for a long time are encouraged to set up branches or Sino-foreign joint ventures in China; Second, a new TIS organization is established, corresponding professionals are hired, and a technical team is formed; The third is to guide supervision units, drawing review units, testing units, engineering cost units and engineering consulting units to transform TIS institutions and risk management services on the basis of their original business. At present, the third path is a passive choice in most places, and with the accumulation of previous experience, the second path will become an active choice in more and more areas.
From the perspective of social status, the importance of TIS in engineering construction will gradually increase. At present, the Interim Measures for the Administration of Insurance for Potential Defects in the Quality of Residential Projects in Beijing has required that "the new residential projects in this city should take defect insurance as a condition of land transfer in the land transfer contract" and "after the signing of the defect insurance contract, the insurance company should entrust the construction project quality risk management institution to carry out risk management". To some extent, the insurer (with the help of TIS) will become the de facto license issuing agency in the construction industry, which is also the practice of international IDI. With the popularization of IDI and the importance of quality risk control, the development of TIS institutions will be assisted by policies and markets, and even their legal status will be determined.
From the perspective of industry supervision, TIS will be better developed in the norms. At present, TIS institutions have some problems, such as uneven strength, disorderly price competition and different service contents, and call for the implementation of industry supervision as soon as possible. The performance of TIS institutions in core functions such as quality potential defect monitoring and damage prevention also needs to be improved. In recent years, the release of standard documents such as work specifications and technical guidelines has hinted at the trend of strong supervision. With the improvement of the management system of TIS institutions and the implementation of qualification certification standards, business operation norms, dispute handling procedures and data exchange methods, the service level and competitiveness of TIS institutions will also be improved and cultivated to a greater extent.
As a typical product of "policy guidance, pilot first and market operation", IDI needs a large number of high-quality TIS institutions to support its development. At present, TIS institutions are immature and their functions are unclear, so it is still necessary for the market to give enough time to train professional teams and policies to give enough laws and regulations to guide development. Generally speaking, the trend of TIS organization's vigorous development is unstoppable, and IDI will also usher in a broader market with its help.