Definition of soilless culture:
It refers to all cultivation methods that can complete the whole life cycle of plants (including flowering, fruiting and maturity) without soil, which is collectively called soilless culture.
Conventional soilless culture still has great limitations in the commercial production of melons and vegetables. A new generation of soilless culture-organic melon and vegetable factory has made a major breakthrough and become very practical.
Common basic methods of soilless culture;
The main method is: according to sixteen essential elements (such as N, P, K, G, M, X) required by plant growth, a nutrient solution is prepared with chemical reagents for plant growth.
Description of nutrient solution preparation: To complete 16 kinds of essential elements, a variety of raw materials need to be used, but chemical raw materials and fertilizers contain many impurities, which are easy to produce chemical reactions and affect nutrient absorption and utilization (plants will not grow after two days), so they cannot be used to prepare nutrient solution. Therefore, it is necessary to use high-purity chemical reagents to prepare a, b and c solutions in blocks, and then inject them into nutrient solution storage tanks (tanks) at the same time to prevent drug resistance. The nutrient solution you buy is often ineffective, mostly because of this.
Culture tank: with nutrient solution, there must be a container to hold it. PC pipe, extruded board, stainless steel, foam board, etc. It can resist corrosion and is often chosen to build a solid culture tank and fill it with nutrient solution.
It is necessary to establish a distribution system, a circulation system (melons and vegetables are easily submerged by water, so the nutrient solution should be recycled into the air) and a monitoring system (monitoring the salt concentration in nutrition, plants will die if it is high, and it will not grow well if it is low).
Plants should not stand in nutrient solution (water), but should be fixed; Fixing plants with rock wool, foam board, planting cup and ceramsite is called hydroponics. Use peat, perlite, vermiculite, etc. Fixing plants is called substrate cultivation, fixing roots and spraying nutrient solution by hydraulic pressure is called aerosol cultivation.
Investment in soilless culture: construction of culture tanks, nutrient solution distribution systems, circulation systems, etc. In addition to the greenhouse, an acre needs to invest tens of thousands of yuan.
Uses of soilless culture: mainly used for landscape modeling such as flowers, such as turning dragons into phoenixes. Arbitrary modeling is very convenient, easy to manage, durable and very good. At present, the domestic vegetable price is much lower than that of foreign countries, so it is not recommended to grow vegetables; Not to mention the large investment, the high cost and poor quality of the vegetables-heavy chemical pollution, light taste and poor taste. The price of vegetables abroad is high, and the requirements for the flavor of melons and vegetables are not strict, which is suitable for development.
A new method of soilless culture;
At present, using agricultural wastes such as straw fertilizer, leaves and weeds as raw materials, the cultivation materials for industrial soilless culture of organic melons and vegetables are made. This method requires less investment, and the cost of melons and vegetables produced is relatively low. More importantly, it solves the pollution of chemical fertilizer and the harm of soil diseases and insect pests. It can not only provide sufficient organic nutrients for melons and vegetables, but also provide accurate and accurate water supply according to the needs of melons and vegetables. The produced melons and vegetables have good quality and strong fragrance. It is very practical and has many advantages!