There will be a strong pungent smell after decoration, because the decoration materials emit harmful substances such as formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene, ammonia and TVOC. These harmful substances are particularly harmful to human body, and long-term contact will have a serious impact on human health and even endanger life.
Just decorated, the indoor air pollution can be detected after all the furniture is installed. At present, the air pollution rate of newly renovated houses in China exceeds 80%. If it seriously exceeds the standard, it is recommended to find a professional organization to control formaldehyde and control indoor air pollution.
At present, the most advanced third-generation indoor air pollution control technology in the domestic market: air catalyst, which uses nano-TiO _ 2 as the catalyst for oxidative decomposition reaction, not only solves the problem of poor effect of photocatalyst in the case of insufficient light, but also has the effect of never rebounding. It has gradually replaced photocatalyst and become the most advanced air pollution control technology in China market.
Indoor air pollution detection should be entrusted to a professional testing company, and at the same time, professional testing instruments should be selected to get the test results through scientific testing steps.
Simple hand-held detectors or test boxes are not recommended. The error between these two methods is large, which will lead to the deviation of detection results and the wrong control mode of formaldehyde. Thus affecting the health of family members.
Professional indoor air pollution detection instruments can detect: formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene, ammonia and TVOC. Can be accurate to two decimal places.
The formaldehyde detection in Shenyang is calculated according to the detection point.
Taking Shenyang Jiajing Technology Co., Ltd. as an example, it uses the synchronous detection device of the Quality Supervision Bureau, and the national detection department examines and issues the CMA detection report. A checkpoint charges 68 yuan. Generally, 1-2 inspection points are selected below 100, that is to say, only 100 is needed to get six kinds of pollution data, which is both economical and accurate, and can also issue inspection reports to provide reasonable solutions. When choosing an indoor environmental protection company, you must choose a qualified and guaranteed enterprise.
The harm of indoor air pollution? How to get rid of indoor air pollution? Mild air pollution can cause sore eyes, tears and dry throat, and serious hematopoietic disorders in the blood system can lead to leukemia or various cancers.
How serious is indoor air pollution? After experiencing the harm of soot pollution and photochemical pollution, modern people are suffering from the third pollution, mainly indoor air pollution. According to American experts, indoor air pollution is 2-5 times more serious than outdoor air pollution, and even reaches 100 times under special circumstances. More than 500 kinds of volatile organic compounds can be detected in indoor air, and the concentration of some harmful gases can reach 10 or even dozens of times that of outdoor air, of which more than 20 kinds are carcinogens. According to the research of the Canadian Environmental Health Organization, 68% of human diseases are caused by indoor air pollution ... The World Health Organization defines the manifestations of "building syndrome" as follows: 1. Eyes (especially cornea), nasal mucosa and laryngeal mucosa have * * * symptoms; 2. Dry lips and other mucous membranes; 3. Erythema, measles and eczema often appear on the panel. 4. Easy to get tired; 5. It is easy to cause headache and respiratory infection symptoms; 6. I often feel chest tightness and suffocation; Seven. Often produce unexplained allergies; Eight. Often have dizziness, nausea, vomiting and so on. Statistics show that about 1 10000 people die from indoor air pollution every year in China. Almost all newly renovated rooms have problems in indoor air quality, and some pollutant indicators exceed the national standards several times or even dozens of times. On June 2004, 5438+1October 10 investigated the indoor environmental quality in Beijing. The results showed that about 30%-40% of formaldehyde, 20%-30% of benzene and 30%-40% of organic volatiles exceeded the standard. Huang, director of China Children's Health Disease Prevention and Guidance Center, also disclosed at the "First China Indoor Environmental Pollution and Children's Health Seminar": At present, there are about 265,438+million children with upper respiratory tract infection caused by decoration pollution every year in China, and 90% of leukemia children have recently decorated their homes.
Indoor air pollution mainly includes formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene and TVOC.
Long-term exposure to low-dose formaldehyde can cause chronic respiratory diseases, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, menstrual disorders, pregnancy syndrome, chromosomal abnormalities in newborns, and memory and intelligence decline in adolescents. 68% of pregnant women's fetal malformations are caused by serious indoor formaldehyde exceeding the standard.
Indoor air pollution is mainly formaldehyde produced after decoration, carbon monoxide produced by cooking gas, sulfur dioxide produced by burning sulfur-containing compounds and incomplete methane in the gas. If someone smokes indoors, the smoke, carbon monoxide, tar, nicotine and other pollutants in the smoke. It is not recommended to move in immediately after the house has just been renovated. If you are anxious to move in, you can install a fresh air system. My home is a newly renovated five-degree five-constant air conditioner, which will not affect normal life at all.
How to control indoor air pollution? Activated carbon adsorption and air purifier are combined. Activated carbon is slow but durable and effective, and the effect is better under ventilation. The air purifier can be used when the doors and windows are closed, but the filter needs to be replaced frequently, and the cost is relatively high.
The harm of indoor air pollution? You want to know the harm of indoor air pollution, the more detailed the better. Now, the following teaching materials of Shanghai Indoor Environment Administrator Training Course are provided for your reference.
Indoor environmental pollution and its treatment
Indoor environmental pollution background
Nowadays, human beings are facing the third environmental pollution after "soot pollution" and "photochemical smog pollution", mainly indoor air pollution.
American experts found that there are more than 500 kinds of volatile organic compounds in indoor air, including more than 20 kinds of carcinogens and more than 200 kinds of pathogenic viruses. The main hazards are radon, formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, esters and trichloroethylene. A large number of shocking facts have confirmed that indoor air pollution has become an "invisible killer" that harms human health, and it has also become a common concern of all countries in the world. Research shows that indoor air pollution is 2-5 times more serious than outdoor air, and it can reach 100 times in special circumstances. Therefore, the United States lists indoor air pollution as one of the five major environmental factors that endanger human health. The World Health Organization also lists indoor air pollution as 10 threat to human health along with hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and obesity. According to statistics, nearly half of the people in the world are exposed to indoor air pollution. Indoor environmental pollution has caused 35.7% respiratory diseases, 22% chronic lung diseases and 65,438+05% tracheitis, bronchitis and lung cancer.
Present situation of indoor environmental pollution in China
In recent years, China has successively formulated a series of standards on indoor environment, from the use of building decoration materials to the limit of pollutants in indoor air, strictly monitoring the indoor environment in all directions to ensure people's health. Therefore, people often think that modern living conditions are constantly improving and indoor environmental pollution has been controlled. In fact, people's understanding of the harm of indoor environmental pollution is far from enough.
It should be noted that with the rapid development of China's economy, indoor environmental pollution caused by buildings, decoration and furniture has become a major killer affecting people's health. According to the information provided by China Indoor Environmental Monitoring Station, the number of excess deaths caused by indoor air pollution in China can reach11.1.00000, the number of excess outpatient visits can reach 220,000, and the number of excess emergency visits can reach 4.3 million. Serious indoor environmental pollution not only causes losses to people's health, but also causes huge economic losses. The economic loss caused by indoor environmental pollution in China is as high as 1995 USD.
After investigation by experts, it is found that the use of materials containing harmful substances in bedroom decoration will aggravate indoor pollution and have a greater impact on children and women. Statistics show that at present, there are about 265,438+million children who die of upper respiratory tract infection every year in China, among which more than 1 10,000 children's deaths are directly or indirectly related to indoor air pollution, especially in some newly built and rebuilt kindergartens and families. In recent years, the number of children with leukemia in big cities such as Beijing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Harbin has increased, and living in an over-decorated room is one of the important reasons.
According to a survey conducted by Beijing Children's Hospital, 90% children with leukemia in this hospital have been decorated at home within half a year. Experts speculate that harmful substances in interior decoration materials may be an important cause of childhood leukemia.
From the current detection and analysis, the main sources of indoor air pollutants are: building and indoor decoration materials, outdoor pollutants, combustion products and human activities. Among them, the pollution of indoor decoration materials and furniture is the main aspect of indoor air pollution at present. The national health, construction and environmental protection departments have conducted spot checks on indoor decoration materials, and found that 68% of the materials are polluted by toxic gases, and these decoration materials will emit more than 300 kinds of volatile organic compounds. Among them, formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene, toluene, xylene, volatile organic compounds and radioactive gas radon can cause headaches, nausea and vomiting, convulsions and dyspnea after human contact, allergic reactions such as asthma, allergic rhinitis and dermatitis after repeated contact, and cancer (lung cancer and leukemia) or abortion, fetal malformation and growth retardation after long-term contact.
China legislates to control environmental pollution.
In order to protect the environment and protect people's health, China has successively issued a series of standards and regulations, such as "Code for Indoor Environmental Pollution Control of Civil Building Projects", "Standards for Hazardous Substances in Indoor Decoration Materials" and "Standards for Indoor Air Quality". According to the national standards on decoration and indoor air quality, Shanghai has also formulated the Acceptance Standard for Residential Decoration. At present, the main laws and regulations related to indoor decoration environment detection in China are as follows:
People's Republic of China (PRC) Environmental Protection Law
People's Republic of China (PRC) and National Metrology Law
People's Republic of China (PRC) standardization method
General Requirements for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (GB/T 1548 1-2000)
Indoor air quality standard (GB/T 18883-2002)
Code for Indoor Environmental Pollution Control of Civil Building Engineering (GB50325-200 1)
Formaldehyde emission from interior decoration materials, wood-based panels and their products (GB 18580-200 1)
Harmful substances in solvent-based wood coatings for interior decoration materials (GB18581-2001)
Harmful substances in interior wall coatings for interior decoration materials (GB 18582-200 1)
Harmful substances in adhesives for interior decoration materials (GB 18583-200 1)
Harmful substances in wooden furniture for interior decoration (GB 18584-200 1)
Harmful substances in tablecloths as interior decoration materials (GB 18585-200 1)
Harmful substances in PVC coiled floor (GB 18586-200 1).
Emissions of harmful substances from carpets, carpet mats and carpet adhesives (GB 18587-200 1).
Acceptance Standard for Residential Decoration (DB3 1/30-2003)
The air quality of indoor decoration in Shanghai is not optimistic.
According to the National Standard for Decoration and Indoor Air Quality and the Shanghai Standard for Acceptance of Residential Decoration, five pollutants, namely formaldehyde, benzene, TVOC, ammonia and radon, are listed as compulsory testing items for the acceptance of national construction projects. Therefore, after the indoor decoration project is completed, five pollutants in the indoor air must be detected, and they can only be delivered after reaching the standard. However, due to various reasons, after the completion of the interior decoration project in this city, it is rare for the decoration company to take the initiative to carry out air quality acceptance. Most decoration companies evade the compulsory inspection obligation of project acceptance, leaving serious health risks to consumers. Recently, some media reported that the air quality of four of the five decoration projects exceeded the standard, and according to the recent testing statistics of the Environmental Monitoring Center of Shanghai Interior Decoration Industry Association, only 30% of the air quality of home improvement projects in Shanghai reached the standard. All these show that the indoor air quality after the completion of the interior decoration project in Shanghai is worrying.
10 Symptoms of indoor environmental pollution
1. Newly renovated rooms have pungent, dazzling and other * * * sexual smells, which will exist for a long time;
2. I feel sick, depressed and dizzy every morning; Family members often catch colds;
3. Family members have long-term mental fatigue and loss of appetite; Do not smoke, but often feel throat discomfort and poor breathing;
4. Children at home often cough and their immunity decreases;
5. Family members have group allergies;
6. Family members * * * have a symptom, which has obviously improved after leaving home;
7. Newlyweds are infertile for a long time and can't find the reason;
8. Pregnant women are pregnant under normal circumstances but find that the baby is deformed;
9. Plants in newly moved or renovated houses are not easy to survive;
10. Domestic pets died inexplicably.
Introduction of harmful substances in indoor air
As we all know, there are more than 500 kinds of volatile organic compounds in indoor air, including more than 20 kinds of carcinogens and more than 200 kinds of pathogenic viruses. The harm of five pollutants controlled in the national standard Code for Indoor Environmental Pollution Control of Civil Building Engineering (GB-50325-200 1) to human health is briefly described as follows:
Formaldehyde is a colorless and soluble gas. Wood-based panels such as particleboard, density board, plywood, adhesive and wallpaper are the main sources of formaldehyde in the air, and the release period is as long as 3 ~ 15 years. It can be absorbed through respiratory tract, and the harm of formaldehyde to human body has the characteristics of long-term, latent and concealed. Long-term inhalation of formaldehyde can cause serious diseases such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma and laryngeal cancer.
Benzene is a colorless gas with a special aromatic smell. Glue, paint, coating and adhesive are the main sources of benzene in the air. Benzene and benzene series can be anesthetized by the central nervous system after being inhaled by human body; It can inhibit human hematopoietic function, reduce red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets, and increase the incidence of aplastic anemia; It can also lead to abnormal menstruation in women and congenital defects in the fetus.
Radon is a colorless, odorless and imperceptible inert gas. Building materials such as cement, brick sand, marble and ceramic tiles are the main sources of radon, and a large amount of radon will also be released in geological fault zones. Radon and its daughters enter the human body with air, or attach to tracheal mucosa and lung surface, or dissolve in body fluids and enter cell tissues, forming internal irradiation, which induces lung cancer, leukemia and respiratory diseases. According to the research of the World Health Organization, radon is the second largest carcinogen of lung cancer after smoking.
Ammonia is a colorless gas with a strong smell. It mainly comes from additives such as concrete antifreeze and flame retardant in fire protection board. It has a strong * * effect on eyes, throat and upper respiratory tract, and can cause poisoning through panels and respiratory tract. Mild cases can cause congestion, increased secretion, pulmonary edema, bronchitis and dermatitis. Severe cases can cause laryngeal edema, laryngeal spasm, dyspnea, coma and shock, and high ammonia content can even cause reflex respiratory arrest.
TVOC volatile organic compounds are heterogeneous pollutants in indoor air. Because of their low concentration, but many kinds, TVOC is generally not used to express them one by one, but to express their total amount as TVOC. TVOC includes formaldehyde, benzene, p (m) (o) xylene, styrene, ethylbenzene, butyl acetate, trichloroethylene, chloroform and undecane. Indoor building and decoration materials are the main sources of TVOC in the air. The research shows that even if the content of single VOC in indoor air is lower than its limit, the mixed existence and interaction of multiple VOCs will increase the hazard intensity. TVOC is toxic, which can cause imbalance of immune level, affect the function of central nervous system, and cause dizziness, headache, lethargy, fatigue, chest tightness and other symptoms, and may also affect the digestive system, such as loss of appetite and nausea. In severe cases, it will damage the liver and hematopoietic system, and even lead to death.
Indoor environmental pollution and its detection and treatment
Because indoor air pollution directly harms health and life, we should realize the seriousness of indoor air pollution and seek ways to detect and control indoor air pollution. However, there are still many people who have insufficient understanding of whether indoor air monitoring is needed after renovation.
Some are troublesome and think that it will not cause too much harm to the body. Just open the doors and windows and put some green plants in the room. In fact, the function of plants to remove the odor of furniture is limited, and they can only be used as an auxiliary means of indoor environmental management. More specifically, only when the indoor air is slightly polluted can plants play a small role in removing the odor of furniture. If the indoor air pollution is serious, there is nothing plants can do. In addition, even if plants absorb harmful gases, people also absorb harmful gases at the same time.
Some people think that the indoor smell is not strong and there is no need for testing. Others think that the decoration materials are carefully selected environmental protection products, and there will be no pollution and the like. In fact, environmental protection decorative materials only mean that the content of harmful substances is below a certain level, not completely absent. If it is widely used in a room, the indoor air quality may still not meet the requirements or even exceed the standard seriously due to the cumulative effect. In addition, many harmful substances in decorative materials are indistinguishable from the naked eye and the sense of smell. Benzene series, for example, have little smell, but are very harmful to human body. Another example is radioactive gas radon, which has no smell, but can cause lung cancer, which is the second largest risk factor after smoking. Therefore, every family and individual must have a clear understanding and cognition of indoor decoration pollution. We should understand that once air pollution does harm to our health, it will not only affect our work and study, but also bring a heavy economic burden to our families. What's more, if leukemia and lung cancer are caused by pollution, it is very difficult to treat and even life-threatening.
In this regard, some insiders and experts agree that it is very important to scientifically understand indoor air pollution and treat it in time. Houses that seriously exceed the standard must be handled by professional concentration before they can live safely. Professionals suggest that air testing must be carried out after decoration, and the pollution degree and main harmful components should be determined according to the test results, and then appropriate treatment methods should be selected to remove harmful gases according to the situation that harmful gases exceed the standard. On the basis of centralized treatment, the harmful gases released slowly in the future will be absorbed and oxidized by long-acting air bactericide, so as to eliminate the newly released harmful gases to the maximum extent and achieve the purpose of purifying the air for a long time. In short, after the room is renovated, don't forget to check it first, so as not to move into the "gas chamber" and endanger health and life!
In addition, there are many testing companies in the market now, and the good and the bad are mixed. Consumers looking for testing companies need to know whether they are qualified. What detection method is used? Is there a CMA inspection report? Otherwise, you may still get test data with no legal effect after spending money. To this end, remind consumers to be cautious.
I hope the above answers can help you. If you need to know more about indoor environmental pollution and treatment, I suggest you consult the Environmental Monitoring Center of Shanghai Interior Decoration Industry Association. The center's 24-hour hotline 021-51029901can help you.
How serious is indoor air (formaldehyde) pollution? If the indoor air is newly decorated, excessively decorated and does not meet the environmental protection requirements, the formaldehyde concentration can exceed the standard by about ten times (0. 10mg/m3).
The pollution of formaldehyde has the consequences of death.
The harm of indoor air pollutants formaldehyde benzene TVOC and how to prevent indoor decoration pollutants formaldehyde, benzene and TVOC from doing harm to human body are many, as follows:
1, formaldehyde is a colorless gas with * * *.
Formaldehyde mainly comes from indoor artificial boards, such as plywood, large core board, medium density board, particleboard, and furniture, plastic tablecloths, carpets and other links where adhesives are widely used.
The main hazards of formaldehyde are: formaldehyde is a carcinogen, causing nausea, vomiting, cough, chest tightness, asthma and even emphysema, chronic respiratory diseases, women's menstrual disorders, pregnancy syndrome, chromosomal abnormalities, physical decline of newborns and mental decline of children.
2.TVOC is a kind of volatile air with special smell at room temperature.
TVOC mainly comes from various indoor decoration materials and building materials, such as indoor furniture, tablecloths, wall covering, carpets, textile products, detergents, perfumes and so on.
Main hazards of TVOC: TVOC is a kind of toxic, carcinogenic and odorous substance, which will affect the panel and mucosa after contact, causing acute or chronic harm to human body.
3, benzene series, benzene series is a colorless, aromatic gas.
Benzene mainly comes from various synthetic fibers, paints, additives and diluents for paints and coatings, and various solvent-based adhesive waterproof materials.
The main hazards of benzene are: benzene is a carcinogen, which can cause drowsiness, headache, nausea, chest tightness, etc. when it is slightly poisoned, and may have mild mucosal symptoms. Severe poisoning can cause blurred vision, dyspnea, arrhythmia, convulsion and coma.
The most effective way to prevent indoor formaldehyde, benzene and TVOC pollution is to carry out targeted testing, and then carry out targeted treatment according to the testing situation.