What is CCNA? - Education and Training Encyclopedia

What is CCNA?

CCNA: The full name is cisco certified Network Assistant. The most basic course in cisco certified. Cisco certified is like a pyramid, with CCNA at the bottom, followed by ccnp and CCIE at the top.

CCNA·CCNA: cisco certified Network Support Engineer (cisco certified Network Assistant)

[Edit this paragraph] Introduction to ]CCNA Certification Training

CCNA (Cisco Certified Network Associate) is the most elementary certification in the whole cisco certified system, and it is also a necessary condition for obtaining CCNP certification, CCDP certification and CCSP certification (CCIP certification and CCIE certification are not mandatory), and many qualified Cisco colleges also require candidates to obtain CCNA certification first.

First, CCNA certification training

CCNA certification belongs to the entry certification of Cisco after-sales engineer certification system. Through CCNA, you can prove that you have mastered the basic knowledge of network and can initially install, configure and operate Cisco routers, switches and simple local area networks and wide area networks. CCNA certification means that the certified personnel have the basic technology and related knowledge of the networked small office/court office (SOHO) market. Professionals certified by CCNA can install, configure and operate LAN, WAN and dial-up access services in small networks (nodes below 100 or 100). The protocols they can use include (but are not limited to) IP, IGRP, OSPF, EIGRP, IPX, serial, Apple, Talk, Frame Relay, IP RIP, VLAN RIP, Ethernet and access list.

Second, training skills.

Routing LAN and WAN with simple installation, configuration and operation, and defining the contents of "simple" network, such as IP, IGRP, IPX, serial, Apple, Talk, Frame Relay, IP RIP, IPX RIP, VLAN, Ethernet and access list.

Third, CCNA can provide solutions based on training and practical experience:

1. Install and/or configure the network;

2. Obtain the directory by using;

3. Functions such as on-demand bandwidth (BOD) and on-demand dial-up routing (DDR) reduce bandwidth, reduce the cost of WAN and optimize WAN.

4. Provide remote access through integrated dial-up connection, traditional remote LAN-to-LAN access and the highest performance level required to support new applications such as Internet, e-commerce and multimedia.

4. Prerequisites for obtaining CCNA certification

Candidates can apply for CCNA without any certificate. At the same time, there are no hard and fast rules on the age, education and foreign language level of candidates, but they need two valid documents: ID card, credit card, driver's license, student ID card and passport.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) CCNA certification exam

CCNA was upgraded to 640-802, and Cisco introduced a new certification center (effective from August 1 2007).

Brief introduction of the new version of CCNA exam 640-802

Examination number: 640-802

Examination time: 1 10 minutes (90 minutes in English-speaking countries)

Number of questions: 44-55 questions

Passing score: 825 points

Test questions: simulation questions; Experimental questions, drag-and-drop questions, multiple-choice questions

The new certification includes:

Wide area network connection; Network security implementation; Network type; Network media; Routing and switching principles; TCP/IP, OSI reference model and other old CCNA network basic knowledge, in addition to adding the basic knowledge about wireless LAN.

In addition, the new version of CCNA can be authenticated in one of the following two ways:

1. Pass the new course of 640-822 ICND 1 (CCENT) and the course of 640-8 16 ICND2.

Two, directly through the 640-802 comprehensive certification course.

Main test sites for the new CCNA 640-802 exam:

1. Describe the working principle of the network.

◆ Understand the purpose and function of main network equipment.

◆ Components can be selected according to network specifications.

◆ Explain how data is transmitted in the network with OSI and TCP/IP models and related protocols.

Describe common network applications, including web applications.

◆ Describe the purpose and basic operation of protocols under OSI and TCP models.

◆ Describe the effect of network-based applications (IP audio and IP video).

◆ Explain the network topology diagram.

◆ Determine the network path between two hosts in the network.

◆ Describe the structure of network and interconnection communication.

◆ Identify and correct common network faults at 1, 2, 3 and 7 layers by using hierarchical model.

◆ Distinguish the functions and characteristics of WAN and LAN.

2. Configure, check and repair VLAN and switches in the exchange communication environment.

Select appropriate media, cables, ports and connectors to connect the switch with the host or other network devices.

◆ Explain Ethernet technology and media access control methods.

◆ Explain the concepts of network segmentation and basic traffic management.

◆ Explain the concept of basic switching and the role of Cisco switches.

◆ Complete and verify the initial switching configuration tasks, including remote access control.

◆ Use basic programs (including ping, traceroute and telnet). SSH, arp, ipconfig) and show &；; The DEBUG command verifies the working status of the network and switches.

◆ Identify, specify and solve common switching network media problems, configuration problems, automatic negotiation and switching hardware failures.

◆ Describe advanced switching technologies (including VTP, RSTP, VLAN, PVSTP, 802. 1q).

◆ Describe how VLANs create logically isolated networks and the necessity of routing between them.

◆ Configure, check and repair VLANs.

◆ Configure, check and repair the trunking of Cisco switches.

◆ Configure, check and repair inter-VLAN routing.

◆ Configure, check and maintain VTP.

◆ Configure, check and repair the RSTP function.

◆ By explaining the output of SHOW and DEBUG commands in various situations, judge the working state of Cisco switching network.

◆ Implement basic switch security policies (including port security, aggregate access, VLAN management except VLAN 1, etc.). ).

3. Implement IP address planning and IP services to meet the network needs of branch networks of medium-sized companies.

◆ Describe the functions and benefits of using private IP and public IP.

◆ Explain the functions and advantages of DHCP and DNS.

◆ Configure, verify and debug DHCP and DNS operations (including command line mode and SDM mode) on the router.

◆ Realize the static and dynamic IP address service of the host under the LAN environment.

◆ Calculate and apply IP address planning in the network supporting VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Mask).

◆ Use VLSM and address summarization to determine the appropriate classless address planning to meet the address planning requirements of different LANs/WANs.

◆ Describe the technical requirements (including protocol release, dual-stack mode and tunnel mode) for realizing IPv6 under the storage condition of IPv4 network.

◆ Describe the IPv6 address.

◆ Identify and correct common IP address and host configuration problems.

4. Basic router operation and configuration, inspection and debugging of Cisco equipment routing.

Describe the basic concepts of routing (including IP packet forwarding and routing query)

◆ Describe the operation process of Cisco router (including the initial startup process, self-test and physical composition of the router).

Select the appropriate media, cables, ports and connectors to connect the router to other network devices and hosts.

Configuration, inspection and debugging of ripv2.

◆ Access the router and configure basic parameters (including command line mode and SDM mode).

◆ Connect, configure and check the working state of the equipment interface.

◆ Check the configuration of the equipment, and use commands such as ping, traceroute, telnet and SSH to check the network connectivity.

◆ Implement and verify the configuration of static route and default route under the given routing requirements.

◆ Manage IOS configuration files (including saving, modifying, updating and restoring).

◆ Manage Cisco IOS

◆ Compare different routing implementation methods and routing protocols.

◆ OSPF configuration, inspection and debugging

◆ EIGRP configuration, inspection and debugging

◆ Check the network connection (including using ping, traceroute, telnet, SSH and other commands).

◆ Routing fault debugging

◆ Use show and debug commands to check the running status of router hardware and software.

◆ Realize static router security.

5. Explain and select the appropriate manageable WLAN task.

◆ Describe wireless related standards (including IEEE, WIFI Alliance, ITU/FCC).

◆ Identify and describe the purpose of small wireless network structure (including SSID, BSS, ess).

◆ Determine the basic configuration of wireless network equipment and ensure that it is connected to the correct intervention point.

◆ Compare the characteristics and performance of different wireless security protocols (including: open, WPA, WEP- 1/2).

◆ Understand the common problems in WLAN implementation (including interface and configuration errors).

6. Identify network security threats and describe general methods to mitigate these threats.

Describe the current network security threats and explain the necessity of implementing comprehensive security strategies to reduce security threats.

◆ Explain the general methods to reduce the security threats to network devices, hosts and applications.

◆ Describe the functions of safety equipment and application software.

◆ Describe suggestions for safe operation procedures (including initial safety configuration of network equipment).

7. Implement, check and repair NAT and ACL in the branch network of small and medium-sized enterprises.

◆ Describe the functions and types of ACL.

◆ Configure and apply ALCs according to network filtering requirements (including command line mode and SDM mode).

◆ Configure and apply ALCs to restrict telnet and SSH access to the router (including command line mode and SDM mode).

◆ Check and monitor the ACL in the network environment.

◆ ACL debugging

◆ Describe the basic working principle of NAT.

◆ Configure NAT according to the given network requirements (including command line mode and SDM mode).

◆ NAT debugging

8. Implement and verify WAN connectivity

◆ Describe different ways to connect to the WAN.

◆ Configure and check the basic WAN serial link.

◆ Configure and check Frame Relay on Cisco router.

◆ Troubleshooting for WAN implementation

◆ Describe VPN (Virtual Private Network) technology (including its importance, advantages, influence and composition).

◆ Configure and check the PPP link between Cisco routers.

Or through 640-822 ICND 1 (CCENT new course) and 640-8 16 ICND2.

Six, the validity of CCNA certification

CCNA certificate is valid for three years. If you want to remain valid, you need to take the recertification exam before it expires. If you get a higher level of cisco certified year by year, the validity period of CCNA certification will be automatically updated.

Seven, CCNA replacement exam (can complete a NP subject)

Before the expiration of the validity period, you must take the exam of 642-825, or take any exam of CCNP, CCIP and CCSP, or take any exam of Cisco Qualified Commissioner with the prefix of 642-XXX. Or take some subjects of 646-XXX. You can also take courses in CCNA security, the voice of CCNA or CCDA.

CCNA training objectives

After completing this course, students will achieve the following goals:

Use the available configuration tools to complete the equipment initialization configuration;

According to the new requirements, new functions can be realized by adding, deleting and modifying.

Use the command line interface to determine the network performance and status;

According to the given requirements, realize the configuration of the access layer switch;

Use command line to realize VLAN, VTP, IEEE 802. 1Q and ISL configuration;

Describe the functions and operations of static and dynamic routing protocols (RIP, OSPF, IGRP, EIGRP);

Use SHOW and DEBUG commands to determine exceptions to routing protocols;

Ability to configure standard and extended access lists;

[1][2][3] Configure serial interfaces (PPP, HDLC, RS-232) using the command line interface.

Part of CCNA certification

CCNA involves three aspects.

1. LAN part: basic knowledge of network interconnection and network reference model, introduction of Cisco routers and switches, principle and configuration of static and dynamic routing protocols (including RIP, EIGRP and OSPF), implementation of inter-VLAN routing, use of CDP, VTP and STP protocols, wireless network interconnection and IPv6, etc.

2. WAN: WAN access technology, the use of PPP and frame relay, DHCP and NAT, etc.

3. Network security: Introduce network security, and use access control lists to realize secure telecommuting.

The value of CCNA certification

After the certification training of network system engineer, it is convenient to enter a well-known foreign company to be a system engineer. As a job-hunting background, CCNA certification not only lowers the threshold for finding a job, but also increases job opportunities, and the real salary has also been satisfactorily adjusted. At the same time, after professional skills training before the exam and certification, I can understand Cisco's new technical knowledge more thoroughly and have the ability to use and maintain Cisco's network infrastructure equipment.

Comparison between MCSE and CCNA

Although MCSE and CCNA are certifications in two directions, there is no direct comparability, and they are more complementary in knowledge, but the problems between them still need to be sorted out and summarized.

1. From the basic requirements: CCNA has a short learning time.

Generally speaking, CCNA involves basic network knowledge and equipment, and also needs the support of Cisco equipment. The study period is about 1-3 months.

The daily application of MCSE is simple and easy to use, and most of its certification examination requirements can be realized by a single machine. The study period of seven subjects is at least about 3-6 months.

2. From the perspective of learning cost, CCNA has low cost.

CCNA only involves 1 exam, and the exam fee is 2250 yuan. If you teach yourself, the cost of books and teaching materials will not exceed 2500 yuan.

The MCSE has seven exams, and the exam fee alone is 450×7 = 3 150 yuan.

3. From the employment direction: CCNA is professional.

The employment direction of CCNA includes system integration, network debugging, installation and maintenance, etc.

Suitable positions for MCSE include system administrator and network administrator.

4. From the work content: CCNA requires hands-on ability.

CCNA is a simple Cisco equipment debugging and basic network knowledge;

MCSE is the management, configuration and maintenance of network and system in Windows environment.

[Edit this paragraph ][ 1] You must master CCNA certification.

Cisco Network Foundation and General Network Protocol

Basic connection and composition of Cisco router