1, OA office automation system standardizes enterprise management and improves employees' work efficiency;
Through the workflow system of OA office automation system, all kinds of documents, applications, document approval, signature and seal can be carried out online, saving a lot of valuable time. At the same time, because the workflow set by the system can be changed, personalized workflow can be designed at any time according to the actual situation of the enterprise, and some flexible work can also be carried out in an orderly manner.
2.OA office automation system saves a lot of enterprise operating costs;
The most important feature of OA office automation system is paperless office, which helps enterprises reduce the cost of office consumables. Standardization of work approval process can save a lot of working time and labor costs for employees; Perfect information exchange channels can greatly reduce telephone charges and travel expenses.
3.OA office automation system eliminates information islands and resource islands;
The collaboration of OA office automation system can completely eliminate the "information island" and "resource island" formed by independent business systems, inconsistent data, low information sharing, decentralized management and heavy workload of management and maintenance, and realize effective resource sharing.
4.OA office automation system realizes knowledge dissemination;
Realize the efficient management, accumulation, precipitation, dissemination and application of knowledge, the most important asset of an enterprise, and completely get rid of the knowledge loss caused by the flow of personnel.
5.OA office automation system breaks the constraints of time and space;
Fully support mobile office, leaders and employees at all levels can cross time and space barriers, use networked tablets or smart phones, and work seamlessly and easily anytime, anywhere.
6.OA office automation system provides full tracking and control;
Fully record the whole process of business processing, who, when and what kind of operation, browse and track business progress, supervise and warn as needed, and implement risk management and internal control.
7.OA office automation system improves the competitiveness and cohesion of enterprises;
The communication between employees and superiors is convenient, and the information feedback is smooth, which provides a stage for giving full play to the wisdom and enthusiasm of employees and effectively enhances the cohesion and core competitiveness of enterprises and institutions.
Briefly describe the basic content of office automation and discuss the significance of developing office automation. The contents of office automation include:
Broadly speaking, the software and hardware systems that improve our daily work efficiency, including printers, copiers and office software, can all become office automation systems.
In a narrow sense, office automation system is a system to handle internal affairs, assist management, improve office efficiency and management means.
The significance of developing office automation;
Office automation is the need of modern management and the need of establishing a coordinated, flexible and efficient administrative system.
Office automation will play an important role in China's economic development, improving management and decision-making level, promoting social progress and "four modernizations" construction.
Improve office efficiency and scientific decision-making level.
In a word, the advantage of office automation is that it can improve office efficiency, standardize office behavior, save office expenses, and realize global application without time and geographical restrictions. Specific benefits are shown in the following aspects:
Office automation system improves office efficiency.
Release management and learning of office automation system.
Office automation system promotes enterprise culture construction.
Office automation system facilitates the communication and exchange of employees within the enterprise.
Office automation system paperless office is more environmentally friendly and saves costs.
The concept of office automation? In fact, it should be similar to sending emails, and you can send documents, attachments and so on.
Office automation is the use of Inter/Intra technology, based on the concept of workflow, so that employees in enterprises can enjoy information conveniently and quickly and work together efficiently; Change the complicated and inefficient manual office way in the past, realize rapid and all-round information collection and processing, and provide scientific basis for enterprise management and decision-making. The degree to which an enterprise realizes office automation is also the standard to measure its modern management.
There are also the following statements:
office automation
Office automation: It refers to the extensive, comprehensive and rapid collection, arrangement, processing, storage and utilization of information in the work of administrative organs with computers as the center, so as to serve scientific management and decision-making, thus achieving the purpose of improving administrative efficiency.
Office automation is a new concept with the development of computer science in recent years. Office Automation was originally named Office Automation in English, and abbreviated as OA. Office automation system generally refers to the automation of transactional business in the office, and office automation includes a broader meaning, that is, it includes a large-scale information processing system based on the network.
There is no unified definition of office automation, and all new technologies, machines and equipment used in traditional offices belong to the field of office automation.
Usually, the business of the office is mainly to deal with a large number of documents, draft documents, notices, various business words, accept foreign documents for filing, query the documents of the department and foreign documents, and generate copies of documents. Therefore, it is the basic feature of office automation to make and store all kinds of files by computer word processing technology, copy and transmit files by other advanced equipment, such as photocopiers and fax machines, or transmit files by computer network technology.
The office is the place where leaders of various industries make decisions. The leading organs make decisions and issue instructions. In addition to the communication in documents, the deeper work is actually the collection, storage, retrieval, processing and analysis of information, so as to make decisions and transmit the decisions as information to lower-level institutions or cooperative units or business-related units.
OA (Office Automation) technology is divided into three different levels: the first level is limited to the application of auxiliary tools such as word processing, spreadsheets and databases on stand-alone or simple small-scale LAN, which is generally called transactional office automation system.
With the maturity of network communication technology, computer technology and database technology, office automation in the world has entered a new stage, in which the system has four new characteristics:
(1) integral. The integration of software, hardware and network products, the integration of people and systems, and the integration of single office system and social public information system constitute a "seamless integration" open system.
(2) wisdom. Facing daily affairs, it helps people to complete mental work such as Chinese character recognition, document understanding and deep processing, decision-making assistance, and accident handling.
(3) Multimedia. Including the comprehensive processing of numbers, characters, images, sounds and animations.
(4) Using electronic data interchange. Through the data communication network, computers exchange and automatically process. This level includes information management OA system and decision-making OA system.
In office OA, the most common applications are word processing, electronic typesetting, spreadsheet processing, file sending and receiving login, electronic document management, office schedule management, personnel management, financial statistics, report processing, personal database and so on. These common office transaction applications can be made into application packages, and different applications can call each other or * * * share data, thus improving the efficiency of office transaction processing. The office transaction processing software package should be universal in order to expand the application scope and improve its utilization value.
In addition, a variety of OA subsystems can be used in office transaction processing, such as electronic publishing system, electronic file management system, intelligent Chinese retrieval system (such as full-text retrieval system), optical Chinese character recognition system, Chinese voice recognition system and so on. In public services, companies and other commercial operations, there are more and more cases in which computers are used instead of manual processing, such as booking tickets, ticketing systems, counter or window systems, bank savings business systems and so on.
The function of transactional or operational OA system is to deal with daily office business, which directly faces office staff. In order to improve office efficiency, improve office quality and adapt to people's office habits, a good office operating environment should be provided.
Information management OA system is the second level. With the increasing importance of information utilization, the demand for comprehensive information closely related to the business objectives of the office system is increasing. The information management office system is a comprehensive office information processing system that closely combines the transaction (or business) office system with the comprehensive information (database). The comprehensive database stores the information needed by the daily work of relevant units. For example, in * * * organs, these comprehensive information include policies, laws and regulations, as well as government information such as official documents and letters about higher and lower organs; The comprehensive database of some public service institutions includes all the comprehensive information related to service projects; The comprehensive database of the company includes industrial and commercial regulations, business plans, market trends, supply and marketing business, inventory statistics, user information, etc. As a modern organization, enterprise or institution, in order to optimize daily work and improve office efficiency and quality, it is necessary to have this comprehensive database for all departments of the unit to enjoy. The database is established on the basis of transaction-level OA system, which constitutes an information management OA system.
Decision support OA system is the third level. It is an OA system based on information management. It uses the information provided by the comprehensive database system to build or select a decision-making digital model for the subject that needs decision-making, and combines internal and external conditions, and the computer executes the decision-making program and makes corresponding decisions.
Transaction-level office automation system, information management office automation system and decision support office automation system are three functional levels in a generalized or complete office automation system. The communication among the three functional layers can be realized by calling program modules and computer data network communication means. The meaning of integrated o a system is to integrate three levels of OA system into a complete OA system by using modern computer network communication system, which makes the circulation of office information more reasonable and reduces many unnecessary links of repeatedly inputting information, thus improving the efficiency of the whole office system. The advantage of an integrated and networked office automation system is that it can not only make the office information operation of the unit more compact and effective, but also facilitate communication with the outside world, make the scope of information exchange wider, establish information exchange between remote offices more conveniently and quickly, and may be integrated into information resources around the world.
Transaction-level OA system is called ordinary office automation system, and information management-level OA system and decision support-level OA system are called advanced office automation system.
For example, the Municipal Office of * * * regularly or irregularly collects all kinds of files submitted by various districts and counties and other institutions, and then stores them in different files and submits them to relevant leaders for reading and processing, and then properly saves the audited files for future reference. Leaders make decisions after studying various documents, and generally return processing instructions to subordinates in the form of documents. This process is a typical office process. In this process, the file itself is information, and its transmission is the information transmission process. However, it should be noted that when analyzing and making decisions, leaders may have to look through and inquire about a large number of relevant materials before making decisions. Therefore, the inquiry, analysis and decision-making of relevant materials also belong to the process of information processing.
For example, the document submitted by * * * in Dongcheng District, Beijing requires that public buildings should be built in certain areas and apply for approval. The document was passed to the relevant institutions in the city. After seeing the documents, the relevant leaders in the city will look for the documents and regulations about the planning of Gai Lou in the city, and need to study many reference materials such as the city's budget, and then decide whether to agree or not. And feedback the decision information to Dongcheng District in the form of documents or notices.
In this example, information is transmitted and processed in the form of files; Relevant laws and regulations consulted and referenced by leaders are also information and data information. Research determines the process, mainly the will of leaders. However, objective information analysis can make several alternative schemes. In this whole process, if the computer is used to process the files coming and going, it can be said that it is a preliminary degree of automation. If you can query all kinds of information by computer, this is further automation. If the computer automatically analyzes the information about this event and automatically provides some possible decisions for decision makers to adopt, it will be a deeper office automation with the concept of artificial intelligence.
Further analyzing this example, if the municipal computer office system, the municipal laws and regulations information database system and the municipal financial management system are an integrated and unified system, and the computer automatically searches the information of the organs from the related systems, this system is a higher level integration of office automation.
In addition, if the city office system and the district office system are an integrated computer network system, which can transmit information and handle business remotely through the network, then this is a further networked office automation system.
Therefore, the office automation system itself is a multi-level system. At all levels, it can be said that some office automation services have been realized, starting from the most elementary automation, and gradually forming a higher-level automation system with different technologies.
Chinese experts put forward the definition of office automation at the first national office automation planning seminar: using advanced science and technology, some office business activities are materialized in various modern office equipment other than people, and people and technical equipment constitute a man-machine information processing system serving a certain office business purpose.
People are the first element of the system, that is, the main element of the office is the staff, including all kinds of people. In addition to the role of the traditional office, we need some professional technicians to manage the equipment, such as computer engineers and other equipment maintenance personnel.
Technical equipment and computers are another factor.
There are various machines in the equipment, such as computers, photocopiers, templates, telephones, fax machines, network equipment, CDs and so on. These devices are collectively called hardware devices or hardware. All kinds of information equipment also need software to manage the equipment, such as computer operating system, network operating system, word processing software, special work program software and so on. , which will be introduced in detail in other chapters.
Obviously, the man-machine system, man and machine of office automation are indispensable. As for equipment, hardware and necessary software should be available. We can also think that office automation system is a system for human beings to process information and a new concept after human beings enter the information age.
Briefly describe the three main development directions of office automation, analyze the position and function, present situation and development of automation technology, and the relationship between supply and demand of human resources, and then discuss the development prospect of automation specialty and the employment prospect of graduates.
Now most engineering colleges offer automation or automation-related majors. Although the current enrollment situation is not as good as some popular majors, it can be said that it is still booming. The question discussed here is whether the current enrollment scale of this major can meet the needs of social development after four years or even later, and whether it is necessary to further expand enrollment.
First of all, make clear the training objectives of automation specialty for students. According to the introduction of the training objectives of automation major in colleges and universities, the general description is: to cultivate engineering technology and certain professional knowledge in a wide range of fields such as electrical technology, electronic technology, control theory, automatic detection and instrument, information processing, system engineering, computer technology and application, network technology, and engage in systematic analysis and decision-making in the fields of motion control, industrial process control, power electronics technology, detection and automation instruments, electronics and computer technology, information processing and management.
Clear the goal, around this goal, see clearly its position and function, position and development, the relationship between supply and demand of human resources, and then explore its development prospects.
1 the position and function of automation technology in industry and other fields
1. 1 Automation technology is the pillar of modern industrial development, and the important automation technology is the mature control technology after the second industrial revolution. It has rich connotation and extensive extension, and the fields or technical aspects involved may include:
(1) electric energy and power transmission and distribution;
(2) Power devices and power electronics technology;
(3) Motor and electric drive;
(4) Electrical measurement and detection technology;
(5) Electrical components, electrical control and PLC control technology;
(6) New power supply and power electronic devices;
(7) Energy-saving technology and harmonic suppression;
(8) Household appliances and office equipment.
As far as the current development is concerned, automation technology comprehensively utilizes the knowledge of computer technology, manufacturing technology, control technology, electronic technology, communication technology and management science, and adopts equipment integration and information integration to realize automatic control from planning, design, manufacturing, management and sales. It covers a wide range of contents, from the lowest sensing elements and sensors to actuators and automatic monitoring systems. This is a modern chemical industry.
The important pillar technology of industrial establishment and development is one of the key technologies related to the development of national economy and the improvement of people's lives, and it is also the century.
As the key technology of industrial development, its position is self-evident.
1.2. Automation technology is the symbol of national modernization and plays an outstanding role.
The function of automation technology is that it faces the whole industrial field, is the link between traditional industry and modern industry, and is the key means to transform modern management technology and information technology into real productivity. In mining, petroleum, building materials, chemical industry, pharmacy, light industry, electric power, automobile manufacturing and military industries, the improvement of production efficiency depends on the improvement of automation level of control technology. In recent ten years, China's national economy GDP has maintained a long-term growth rate of more than 7%, and in recent two years, China's automobile industry has maintained a growth rate of more than 15%. One of the reasons is that automation technology plays a leading and supporting role because of the popularization and improvement of automated production lines. Especially since the second industrial revolution, electric power and its control technology have become the necessary technical support for people's production, life and even survival. It has played a vital role in the technological transformation of traditional industrial technology in large and medium-sized enterprises and the efficient energy saving of high-tech industries. It has become one of the indispensable key technologies in many high-tech systems today, and its application field involves almost all industrial departments, and its position has been or is being righted.
Such as the development of a country's industry, the fierce competition of an enterprise in the international family, and even the strength and modernization of national defense forces.
Degree, etc. are increasingly prominent.
2 development prospects of automation technology in the industrial field
2. 1 At present, the application of automation technology in China is still relatively backward.
Since the reform and opening up in 1980s, the application of automation technology in China has made considerable achievements and made great contributions to the construction and development of China's national economy. However, compared with the same industry in the world, China's automation level is still in a relatively immature and fragile period, and the transformation of traditional industries with automation technology is basically in its infancy, industrialization is still in the middle stage of development, and industrial automation is still in the water.
There is still a big gap between Pingping and the developed countries in the world. Therefore, the state has put forward the main tasks of economic construction and reform in the first 20 years of this century.
To basically realize industrialization, vigorously promote informatization, and further put forward informatization is an inevitable choice for China to accelerate industrialization and modernization.
Mr. Wu Cheng, academician of China Academy of Engineering, chief scientist in the field of high-tech planning automation in China and professor of automation department of Tsinghua University, pointed out: Automation.
It plays a role as a bridge and link between informatization and industrialization. From these discussions, we can see that in the face of the backwardness of traditional industries in China,
At present, the country will accelerate the pace of technological transformation, so that China's industrial technology will develop in the direction of diversification, automation and intelligence, while automation technology
It is an important means to develop and improve the technical level of many industries in the national economy, and it is also an important means to realize the technical transformation and establishment of traditional industries in China.
The key application technologies, research institutes and specialties of automation industrial systems and high-tech industries have broad development prospects and broad markets.
2.2 The task of transforming existing industries with automation technology is heavy, and there is a great demand for talents. At present, with the progress of science and technology and the upgrading of high-tech products, it has become more and more common for large and medium-sized enterprises in metallurgical and petrochemical industries to adopt new technologies and new processes to eliminate the original process devices and carry out a series of technological transformations on old enterprises. In these technological transformations, the automation technological transformation of production process is an important aspect that can not be ignored, and the automation technological transformation of small and medium-sized production processes accounts for a considerable proportion. These production processes are not only the main process of an enterprise, but also a considerable number of auxiliary production processes supporting the main process. In these small and medium-sized production processes, the original automatic detection and control instruments and electrical devices are outdated, with low technical content, and some products are even products from the 1950s and 1960s. It is imperative to adopt modern control technology to improve its automation conditions, and the application of small and medium-sized control systems has become the mainstream of this series of technological transformation. Last century
Before the 1990s, the protection and detection systems of power systems in petrochemical enterprises in China mostly used electromagnetic and transistor protection, but after the 1990s,
Based on computer technology, communication technology, network technology and other high-tech technologies, the integrated electrical control automation system for power transformation and distribution is gradually being applied to petrochemical enterprises.
Industry has been widely used.
For another example, there are 390,000 industrial boilers and 360,000 third-class (biological, wine and condiment) industrial fermentors in China, all of which lack effective special automatic control systems. Therefore, the market demand for technological transformation in this area is quite large. According to the latest research report of the National Bureau of Statistics, China will surpass France in automobile production in 2003, thus becoming the fourth largest automobile producer in the world after the United States, Japan and Germany. Automobile and automobile industry are industrial fields where automation technology is widely used. Modern automobile is an integrated automation system, so it shows that there will be a considerable demand for automation technicians in the next few years.
3 graduates employment prospects analysis
3. 1 China's existing specialized technical personnel can hardly support the country's modernization development. Nowadays, the wave of information industry has swept the world, and the automation control technology with information as its development goal has been in a state of warming up in recent years. For China, a big country that has the opportunity to become a world processing factory, the development of automation technology can not be ignored. According to statistics from relevant research departments in Beijing, the production scale of China's manufacturing industry is only.
The United States 1/5, Japan 1/4, the industrial labor productivity is 4. American 38%, 4. Japan is 5. 07%. Germany is 56%. The total output value of manufacturing industry is only 1/9 in the United States and1/4 in Japan; The per capita output value is only 1/ 40 of Japan's. Visible, in the global manufacturing industry, China manufacturing industry has a very broad space for development, and it is an industry that can be rapidly promoted and vigorously developed. In the process of upgrading this industry, the large-scale adoption of technical talents can not be ignored and is indispensable. However, according to China Education and Human Resources Report, more than half of the employees in the primary industry in China have primary school education or below, which seriously affects the population transfer, technical level and production efficiency of the primary industry. However, less than 6% of the secondary industry in China, which is dominated by manufacturing and construction, has received higher education, and the average education period of employees is 9.44 years, which is only equivalent to the junior high school graduation level. Compared with the same industry in Japan, the per capita education period is about 3 years. The proportion of employees with college education or above in China is worse than that in Japan, and the difference between manufacturing industry and construction industry is about 5 times. The overall cultural quality of the labor force in the secondary industry is difficult to support the technological progress of China's manufacturing industry and the continuous improvement of labor productivity. It is difficult to establish China at present.
The status of "world manufacturing factory". Therefore, it is necessary to train a large number of professionals.
3.2 The demand for professional and technical personnel in the manufacturing industry has surged. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Personnel, China will be in a hurry in the next few years.
There are eight categories of talents needed: high-tech talents represented by electronic technology, bioengineering, aerospace technology, marine utilization, new energy and new materials; Information technology talents; Mechanical and electrical integration professional and technical personnel; Agricultural science and technology talents; Environmental protection technicians; Research and development of bioengineering
Send talents; International trade talents; Lawyer talent. An educational research in Shanghai also shows that with the economic and social development of China,
In the coming 10 year, the demand for talents in China will change greatly. From the perspective of technology and industrial development, China will make great efforts in the next few years.
Develop six technical fields: biotechnology, information technology, new material technology, new energy technology, space technology and marine technology. Six technologies can form nine high-tech industries: bioengineering, biomedicine, photoelectric information, intelligent machinery, software, superconductor, solar energy, aerospace industry and marine industry. Behind these new technologies and talent needs is the background of automation specialty. According to the technical statistics of Hubei Talent Exchange Center in 2002, the employment situation of IT industry declined last year, but the majors of automation and mechanical design and manufacturing automation warmed up again, and the changing trend of human resources marketization also appropriately reflected the strong development of manufacturing industry in China today.
3.3 The existing undergraduate automation professionals training and reserve capacity is insufficient.
According to the statistics of the enrollment plan of colleges and universities in Hubei Province in 2002, among the 222 second-class science and engineering colleges enrolled in Hubei Province, 76 schools enrolled students majoring in electrical engineering and automation, accounting for 34%, with a total enrollment of 1084, accounting for 5%. It accounts for 32% of the total number of second-class science and engineering students (20372). Obviously, this talent pool can no longer meet the future development and demand of manufacturing and application fields, so it is very necessary to add this major in capable universities and increase the number of students, so as to provide more available talents for China's sustainable development and new industrialization road. According to the statistics of the employment rate of undergraduate majors in colleges and universities in 2000, the employment rate of electricians was 86. The accuracy of instrumental method is 90. 2%. 0%. This statistical data tells us that with the rapid development of industrialization and modernization in China, the employment situation of automation specialty in the next few years is very promising. To sum up, automation major is necessary for the development of science and technology, social progress, national defense construction and national development. It is a sunrise major with great development prospects and needs to be cultivated and developed vigorously.
3.4. Automation technology is an important aspect of the new technological revolution.
The research, application and popularization of automation technology will have a far-reaching impact on human production and lifestyle. At present, China is carrying out the policy of transforming the old production technology with information technology (including computer and automation), improving the quantity and quality of products, and improving the management and operation level-the policy of promoting industrialization with information technology is an example. We can be sure that this policy of our country will promote the development of new automation technology and have a great impact on the modernization of our industry, management and national defense.
The meaning of office automation The development of office automation has gone through three stages. In the first stage, from the mid-1950s to the mid-1970s, personal services were automated by using office automation equipment such as word processors, photocopiers, fax machines and private exchanges. In the second stage, from the mid-1970s to the early 1980s, computer systems scattered in various offices were connected into computer local area networks. At this stage, new technologies such as electronic reports, electronic documents and emails and high-function office automation equipment are usually adopted. In the third stage, from the mid-1980s, office automation developed to the establishment of integrated service digital network. At present, there are high-functional OA software packages, multi-functional OA workstations and various online office automation equipment, such as electronic whiteboard, intelligent copier, intelligent fax machine, electronic phototypesetting optical printing equipment, composite electronic file system and so on.
The function of office automation is to make you competent in paperwork, typesetting, making spreadsheets and preparing courseware. The functions inside are quite practical. Now you must be familiar with office software when looking for a job. This is very basic. If you haven't studied before, you can consider taking a training class. There are many training courses in this field!
Learn advanced office automation, please come in! Magnetic head and cylinder are two different concepts!
The magnetic head is the hardware for reading disk information.
The cylinder composed of tracks with the same number is called the cylinder of the disk.
No matter how good the employment rate of office automation major is, it is still the same if you don't learn well. If you have the ability to learn from it, no matter what your major is, you may achieve your own sky in the future.
With movies
There is no difference between strong and weak martial arts, and people who practice martial arts have strong and weak points.
Who has problems with office automation? Here's one (no answer):
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