Sorge (1895— 1944) Richard Sorge was the most legendary figure in World War II. No one would have thought that this famous journalist, who graduated from Berlin University and Kiel University, had a separate office in the German Embassy in Tokyo and was closely related to embassy officials, actually worked for Moscow. His warning that Germany will wage war against the Soviet Union and his accurate judgment that Japan will not take action in Siberia have gone down in history as a model of espionage. His courage and wisdom have always been praised as "the bravest spy". His creed is: don't break into the safe, but the documents are delivered to the door on their own initiative; He broke into the secret room without a gun, but the door opened automatically for him.
Life 1895 10 Richard Sorge was born in a small town near an oil field in the Caucasus. His father is an engineer and works in an oil company invested by Swedish Nobel interest group. His mother is Russian, much younger than his father.
When Richard was 3 years old, his family moved to Germany and settled in a big house in Lichtenfeld, a suburb of Berlin. Richard is the youngest of nine children and the fourth among boys. He and his mother are very close, and they will be the same all their lives. Whenever his mother's birthday, he will send a gift or send a telegram to congratulate her.
Sorge was a sensitive and timid child when he was a child. He likes to light the lamp in his bedroom all night. He is easy-going, and all his brothers and sisters like him. His family is very harmonious, and his childhood was almost spent peacefully in a typical well-off family in Berlin. His father later became a banker. After his father died, each child inherited an inheritance.
Sorge spent his high school days in litchfield. At that time, he was healthy. Well-proportioned young people are often proud of their sports quality. His special interests are history and writing.
In high school, he volunteered to join the army and was assigned to the student brigade of the third field artillery corps, first fighting the French army on the western front and then fighting the Russian army on the eastern front.
In a battle, his right leg was injured by shrapnel and was taken to Berlin Army Hospital.
During his stay in hospital, sorge concentrated on his studies and returned to his alma mater to take the high school graduation exam. The results are among the best. After his illness, he returned to the original army.
Three weeks later, he was injured again, but this time he was badly hurt. His legs were broken by shrapnel, leaving him with a lifelong disability. Because of his bravery in combat, he was promoted to sergeant and awarded the Iron Cross II.
Sorge was injured and taken to the University Hospital of Konigsberg. There, young sorge experienced revolutionary changes in his thoughts and personality.
Like many of his contemporaries, sorge has withstood the baptism of war and fought in the trenches twice, but he didn't know what they were doing. Sorge said: "Although we fought bloody battles on the battlefield, my soldiers and friends and I don't understand the real purpose of this war, let alone its far-reaching significance."
His mind was in great confusion. He thought hard, kept looking back at the past, traced back to every detail of his life experience, and explored his career at a loss, but he often fell into a contradictory situation.
In the vast darkness, he finally found a glimmer of light, that is, * * * productism.
He began to be hungry, but he read the classic works of Germany and Russia on socialism and productism without plan. "As a ladder to climb Marxism", he also dabbled extensively in the works of Greek philosophers and Hegel. His thoughts were suddenly enlightened and he felt that his road was getting wider and wider. Since then, he has gradually become a conscious fighter of * * *.
19161kloc-0/0 In October, sorge studied in the Economics Department of Berlin University. His plan was to "participate in organized revolutionary movements in addition to studying". 19 18/month, sorge was officially discharged from the army and studied at Kiel university for a doctorate in national law and society.
Here aroused his thirst for knowledge. The most influential person in his life was Professor Colt Gracci whom he met here. Gracci, a doctor of economics, studied in Britain in his early years. He is passionate about politics. He himself has a strong left-wing ideology and has a great influence on young people. His tireless and tireless attitude towards teaching also makes young people like him. Sorge's study group often holds meetings in his home. In the atmosphere that the German Empire is bound to be defeated, they enthusiastically discussed the theories of socialism and productism. Sorge's revolutionary belief has been strengthened.
Soon after, sorge joined the newly established German Production Party, and at the same time, he moved from Kiel to Hamburg to continue to finish the last part of his doctoral thesis. At the same time, he actively participated in the establishment of young Marxist study groups and the training of local party cadres. Prepare the underground branch of the party. His public office is a university assistant, a coal miner, a newspaper editor and a reporter. He also attended the Seventh Congress of the German Production Party as a regional representative. It was during this period that he married Christiani, who was also studying for a doctorate.
1923 In the second half of the year, the president of Moscow Marxist Institute came to Germany, and sorge met him twice in Berlin and Frankfurt, from which he began to contact the Soviet * * * production party. In April of the following year, the Ninth Congress of Germany was held in Frankfurt. The Soviet Union sent a six-member delegation, including members of the Soviet Military Intelligence Bureau and the Fourth Bureau of the Red Army. Sorge once again contacted the former Soviet * * * Production Party, and this meeting was an important turning point in sorge's life journey. The agents of the Fourth Bureau have already noticed sorge's performance and experience, and think that sorge is an ideal agent. After several conversations, the agent of the Fourth Bureau said, "If you are interested in joining the Fourth Bureau, come to Moscow." Sorge readily agreed.
1924 10 After careful arrangement by the German producer, sorge went to Moscow with his wife via Berlin with a valid German student travel passport.
sacrifice
While they were nervously gathering intelligence in sorge, members of the Japanese police special high school were also stepping up their search for the largest spy network active in Tokyo. Miyagi and Osaki were arrested one after another. 19411June 18 in the early morning, sorge was arrested in his apartment. The next day, klausen suffered the same fate.
Japanese police arrested 35 people for this case. Otto's ambassador position was revoked and sent back to Berlin.
Japanese police conducted a fascist interrogation of sorge. Sorge was brutally tortured and tortured. 1944165438+1On October 7th, he was secretly executed together with Osaki for treason, at the age of 49. After the war, the United States took over Japan and set off a movement to solve the mystery of sorge, which also involved Smollett and others. The surviving friends of Osaki started an organization and ran around to clear Osaki's name.
After his release, klausen secretly fled to Moscow via Vladivostok. He later became the manager of an enterprise and lived an unknown life. After 20 years' silence, 1964, Moscow authorities made public sorge's secret and posthumously recognized him as the highest hero of the Soviet Union on the anniversary of sorge's death. Soviet newspapers and periodicals published many articles praising his contribution in the Second World War. A street in Moscow and an oil tanker in the Soviet Union are both named after sorge. 1965 In the spring, the Soviet Union issued a commemorative stamp with a face value of 4 kopecks to commemorate sorge. The red background of the stamp sets off a medal of Soviet hero and a portrait of sorge. Sorge became a hero in the eyes of the Soviet people, and his achievements were legendary for a long time.