It is said that the imperial city of Beijing was the capital of emperors for hundreds of years. According to the mysterious distribution of Tiananmen Square, Di 'anmen Gate, Temple of Heaven and Ditan, the Temple of Heaven is located in the southeast of Beijing. This is the place where emperors sacrificed to heaven. Everything is mellow, so it occupies the largest area in all altars, which also shows its important position in the minds of emperors of all ages. However, no one expected that in this extremely heavy historical mourning, the powerful spring breeze of reform and opening up was violently blown in. The most historical often supports the most modern, please look outside the high wall of the Temple of Heaven-the boundary outside the wall is called Hongqiao, which is under the jurisdiction of Chongwen District. There used to be a saying that Dongcheng is rich, Xicheng is rich, and poverty is in Chongwen Chongwu. Because of its weak foundation, Hongqiao was desolate in Beijing until the end of 1970s. Later, the policy was liberalized. At the end of 1978, after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, rural areas began to implement reforms, and farmers planted crops that were not only self-sufficient, but also surplus. So, farmers take these surplus products to Beijing with carts and baskets to sell, mainly vegetables, eggs, peanuts and so on. , forming a bustling market where chickens and ducks cackle, and buyers are almost all Beijing citizens who want to make a difference.

Because it was near the suburbs after crossing the moat, Gymnasium Road is now a residential area, and farmers often trade in this area after entering the city. Slowly, several stalls were set up on the west road of Gymnasium, which is now the small street where the army was transferred to Gymnasium Primary School, forming a market. I stayed in this place for several months and finally moved to Ciqikou Street. 1979. By the end of 1980, the market had moved under the wall of the Temple of Heaven. At that time, Hongqiao Market was also called Hongqiao Farmers' Market, which was 800 meters long and 6-7 meters wide from the east gate of the Temple of Heaven along the semi-arc wall to the north gate of the Temple of Heaven. The market has an iron fence, which is self-contained and not interfered by others. As a result of good management, Hongqiao farmers' market has gradually become famous, snowballing, and the number of booths has rapidly developed from the initial dozens to hundreds with the largest capacity. Economy has its own objective laws, especially market economy. The prosperous Hongqiao market soon embarked on a mature market economy track, and the product economy of self-production and self-sale soon gave way to the commodity economy form where merchants sat, and hundreds of booths in Hongqiao quickly settled down. If you are an individual trader, you should make money, make money wisely and make money wholeheartedly. As a result, Hongqiao market is no longer satisfied with eating and drinking chickens, ducks and vegetables. Self-employed people are scrambling to put all the second-hand commodities within the scope of supervision, such as daily necessities, sofa furniture, tourist handicrafts and cultural relics, on the shelves. Foreigners have also been attracted to become the elite force in the buying army.

1985 Hongqiao farmers' market. The first area is mainly vegetable wholesale; The second district is retail, and also sells some fish and shrimp meat; There are flowers and ornamental fish in the third area, as well as some residents' daily necessities (chopping boards, brooms, etc. ); Fourth area is furniture. There is also a parking space of 50-60 meters within the 800-meter extension line. Because there aren't so many things in it, let the bike in. The car seller puts the bike in, which doesn't hinder the traffic and looks neat. After the market moved to the wall of the Temple of Heaven, some simple facilities were built. The first one is an iron counter with an umbrella on it. Compared with the one with a magnetic mouth, the operating conditions have improved.

After 1985, Hongqiao market developed rapidly. At this time, the business area became smaller and the facilities were outdated. Vehicles and crowds coming and going to the market have affected the traffic. So 1986, the market began to upgrade, and the altar wall of the Temple of Heaven was used as the back wall, with brick in front and glass fiber reinforced plastic tiles at the top, which was changed into a greenhouse. Also in this year, Hongqiao Market became the first closed market in Beijing. Although the market is no longer a simple agricultural and sideline products, daily necessities, flowers, clothing and agricultural and sideline products are equally divided, but meat products were not allowed to operate in the market at that time. In order to solve the problem of people eating meat, Hongqiao Market decided to introduce meat products. But this requires the market to meet three conditions: first, there must be a fully enclosed space, second, there must be water supply and drainage, and third, there must be re-inspection personnel. Chongwen District Industrial and Commercial Bureau used all the market operating income for market construction, and sent two people to attend the meat re-inspection training class organized by Beijing Animal Husbandry Bureau and Beijing Health Bureau. At the same time, with the active efforts of the Beijing Municipal Administration for Industry and Commerce, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei "two cities and one province" coordination meeting was held, and Hebei and Hebei were agreed. In March of the same year, the market invested 200,000 yuan to build a fully enclosed business hall of 1 1,000 square meters. The hall is equipped with water supply and drainage, lighting, ventilation and other equipment, specializing in fresh meat and other commodities. This made Hongqiao market the first market in Beijing to sell fresh meat, which met the needs of the broad masses of the people.

1987, with the further implementation of the household contract responsibility system and farmers' operational autonomy. Farmers in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces began to cultivate pearls vigorously. As a result, a large number of pearls have been listed, and how to deal with the rest has become a difficult problem for pearl farmers. At that time, pearl products were still a kind of national material products, and buying and selling pearls privately would constitute the crime of speculation. However, driven by strong market awareness and huge interests, some Jiangsu and Zhejiang farmers came to Hongqiao market with pearls on their backs to find a way out. In this way, Hongqiao began to buy and sell pearls, and soon, the first booth dealing in pearls appeared. When the pearl business gradually became a climate in Hongqiao market, the hat of "speculation" was still worn on the head of pearl trading. At that time, market leaders discussed that as administrators, they should not be simple policy executors, and should not only attack the market, but also analyze specific problems. Pearls are agricultural and sideline products. Every year, a large number of pearls do not meet the acquisition conditions and accumulate in the hands of farmers. Judging from the trend of reform and opening up, this kind of circulation will be liberalized sooner or later, and the market demand is irreversible. After acquiring such knowledge, their first step is to interpret pearls as handicrafts, so that the industrial and commercial bureau will issue licenses. In the second step, I found the then director of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce. This director is from Zhejiang and also the director of Zhejiang Industrial and Commercial Bureau. This problem was reported to him, and the director decided on the spot that this is a good destination for pearls and worth popularizing. Since then, buying and selling pearls is no longer a speculative act. Pearl merchants in Hongqiao market became the first people to sell pearls. The connection between Hongqiao and Pearl has been out of control ever since.

With the development of the market, by August of 1989, there were 38 stalls in Hongqiao farmers' market, dealing in handicrafts such as ceramics and secondhand goods. Before 1989, the Cultural Relics Ordinance stipulated that all secondhand goods could not enter the circulation field. However, these stalls in the market are closed, with concentrated categories, specialized industrial and commercial management institutions and orderly booths. Therefore, the District Administration for Industry and Commerce 1989 reported to the Municipal Administration for Industry and Commerce the "Request for Instructions on Establishing a Cultural Relics Supervision Market in the Third District of Hongqiao Market", and applied for the implementation of an inspection system for the second-hand goods in Hongqiao Market and Baiqiao Market within the scope of cultural relics supervision, so that the citizens of the capital can adjust the second-hand goods and prevent the outflow of precious cultural relics mixed in the second-hand goods. 165438+1On October 25th, the Hongqiao Grand Bazaar met the market conditions for cultural relics supervision after being audited by the District Administration for Industry and Commerce. Since then, the Hongqiao cultural relics supervision market has been officially opened to the outside world, and merchants engaged in secondhand goods, antiques and porcelain in the market have been supervised and developed. Due to the opening of this market, a large number of foreign tourists have been attracted to visit Hongqiao market.

From the Asian Games in 1990 to the Asian Games in 1992, the market varieties have developed greatly. The third district was officially designated as the antique second-hand goods district, and the furniture in the fourth district was replaced by pearl necklaces. At that time, toys, small department stores wholesale, pearl necklaces, raw seafood and so on. The introduction of the market has had a certain impact in Beijing. During this period, the municipal government repeatedly urged the construction of Hongqiao market to make way for the wall. So 1992 began, and the market began to raise funds; /kloc-0 laid the foundation stone on April 28th, 993; 1994 65438+February, the main body was completed, and the interior decoration was basically completed; 1995 65438+1On October 28th, the new Hongqiao Market Building officially opened.

From 65438 to 0996, the strong attraction of pearl commodities attracted the attention of Hongqiao market managers. Hongqiao market began to consciously support pearl and aquatic merchants, and established a market development model with aquatic products and pearls as the two leading players in the next decade.

In the continuous development of the market, market leaders gradually realize that in order to survive in many markets, they must have their own business characteristics, that is, brand awareness. Since 2003, the market has really started the process of establishing pearl brand and building pearl market. Through transformation and adjustment, the market has continuously improved the management level of Hongqiao Pearl, improved its management level, expanded its operation scale, and managed the pearl market in an all-round and scientific way. In June, 2005, the pearl industry status of Hongqiao market has been basically determined. In order to further develop and publicize the pearl market, the market decided to combine pearl culture with the development of pearl industry by holding a pearl culture festival to promote the development of Hongqiao pearl market. In September 2005, the market successfully held the "2005 First Beijing International Pearl Culture Festival". This is the first international pearl culture festival held in non-pearl producing areas. On the opening day, China Gemstone Association awarded Hongqiao Market the title of "the first pearl in Beijing", which was the first time that China Gemstone Association "certified" a pearl business enterprise. It can be said that Pearl Festival, as an important activity of Hongqiao market to build brand, integrate resources, enhance image and make pearl products bigger and stronger, has achieved a complete success.

From June 5438+0, 2007 to May 2008, Hongqiao Market, as one of the nine characteristic commercial districts (markets) supported by the municipal government, not only arranged for 267 aquatic products merchants to leave Hongqiao smoothly on March 3, 20071,but also ensured that it would be carried out under the premise of normal operation. The upgrading includes: redecorating the first floor, upgrading the parking lot, redesigning the facade of the market building, transforming the surrounding landscape and green space, transforming public lighting facilities, transforming indoor public spaces, transforming barrier-free facilities for the disabled, building public rest areas, transforming market toilets, building credit card consumption systems, building Chinese and English signage and guidance systems, building market management information systems and building operators. Through the transformation, the shopping environment of the market has been greatly improved, which has laid a good foundation for the long-term development of the market and created favorable conditions for better serving the Beijing Olympic Games.

On June 28th, 2008, the second Pearl Culture Festival in Hongqiao Market officially opened. Coinciding with the Pearl Festival on the occasion of the Olympic Games, the market has played the slogan of "Pearl Culture, Pearl Heart, People's Olympics and People's Feelings". Pearl Culture Festival combines pearl culture with Olympic spirit, which not only becomes the promotion activity of pearl culture, but also becomes one of the forms of China humanistic Olympic spirit, and has won unanimous praise from all walks of life.

After years of cultivation, Hongqiao market has become one of the most popular commercial enterprises in Beijing, and Hongqiao Pearl brand enjoys a high reputation internationally. At present, the annual output of pearls in the world is about 1600 tons, and the annual sales in Hongqiao market is about 200 tons, accounting for one-eighth of the world's output. More than 90% of its operators can communicate with foreigners in English, and have received more than 6,000 dignitaries and envoys from nearly 100 countries, including British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, Swedish Prime Minister persson, former US Presidents Carter and George H.W. Bush, US First Lady Laura, former US Secretary of State Albright, and the wife of Russian President Vladimir Putin. As the world's most famous pearl retail terminal market, it is not only the disseminator of China's pearl culture, but also the leader of China's pearl industry, which has made outstanding contributions to expanding the influence of China's pearl world and promoting the development of China's pearl industry. It is known as "the Great Wall in foreign women's heart" and "the never-ending jewelry exhibition in Beijing", and is affectionately called "Qiao Hong Pearl Market" by foreign friends.