Model airplane: In the competition rules formulated by the International Air Transport Federation, it is clearly stipulated that "a model airplane is an aircraft that is heavier than air, has a limited volume, has an engine or not, and cannot carry people."
A model airplane, like a manned airplane, mainly consists of six parts: wing, tail, fuselage, landing gear, engine and control system.
1, wing-a device that generates lift when a model airplane flies, and can maintain the lateral stability of the model airplane when it flies.
2. Tail-including horizontal tail and vertical tail. The horizontal tail can maintain the pitching stability of the model aircraft, while the vertical tail can maintain the directional stability of the model aircraft. The elevator on the horizontal tail can control the lift of the model plane, and the rudder on the vertical tail can control the flight direction of the model plane. There is also a V-shaped tail for the model airplane, which needs mixed control. The general airplane model remote controller has this function. The rudder and elevator are jointly controlled by two outwardly inclined tails. The most special case is the unpowered glider with S-wing, which has only vertical tail and no horizontal tail.
3. fuselage-the trunk part that connects all parts of the model into a whole is called the fuselage. At the same time, the fuselage can be loaded with necessary control components, equipment and fuel.
4. Landing gear-the device for taking off, landing and parking of model aircraft. There is a landing gear in the nose, one landing gear on each side under the wing is called the front three-point type, the nose has two landing gears, and the tail has one landing gear called the rear three-point type.
5. Engine-It is the device for generating flight power for model aircraft. The power devices commonly used in airplane models are rubber bands, piston engines, turbojet engines and motors. Less commonly used are: pulse jet engine (heavy weight, high fuel consumption), rotary engine (only one kind of OS), air engine (similar to piston engine used in indoor model in 1970s).
6. Solar panels and various batteries can also be used as power sources for airplane models.
7. Control system-The control system is mainly used to control the air maneuver of the model, including takeoff, landing and steering. It is divided into transmitter (and remote controller) and receiver (connected with various electronic devices on the plane). Advanced aircraft models can be used for data transmission, such as temperature sensing, airspeed indicator, altimeter, accelerometer, gps, FPV and so on.