Knowledge manual of safety production for enterprise employees 1, the importance of safety production
Safety in production is closely related to the vital interests of employees, the healthy development of enterprises and social stability. The Party Central Committee attaches great importance to the work of safety in production, and clearly put forward the concept of "safe development" at the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee, and considered the strategy of governing the country from the perspective of sustainable development.
We should conscientiously implement the laws and regulations of the state on safety in production, always adhere to the principle of "safety first, prevention first and comprehensive management", constantly improve the safety management organization, establish and improve the safety production system, and strictly implement the responsibility for safety in production.
The leaders of the company attach great importance to the work of safety in production, preside over two meetings of safety in production every year, personally study and deploy the work of safety in production, and require the main responsible persons of each subsidiary to be the first responsible person of safety in production.
The Department of Safety holds a safety production meeting every quarter to inspect and assess the subsidiaries. The subsidiary implements the monthly and weekly safety meeting system and the daily, weekly and monthly inspection system.
The safety management of the group has gradually reached standardization and standardization.
Safety education and training is the primary link of safety production. In a highly responsible attitude towards employees, new employees will be trained in safety knowledge for one week and given an examination. Those who don't get full marks in the exam will not be hired.
2, the basic knowledge of production safety
1) What is the policy of safe production? Safety first, prevention first and comprehensive treatment.
2) What is the meaning of safety first? When the personal safety of employees is endangered in the production process, the safety of employees must be put in the first place, and illegal risks are prohibited.
3) What is the meaning of putting prevention first? It means to eliminate all unsafe factors before production, and it is forbidden to engage in any production activities under the premise of potential accidents.
3. What rights do employees have in terms of labor safety and health?
1) employees have the right to know the possible hazards and accidents caused by their work. Employers have the obligation to make employees aware of the possible health hazards caused by engaging in this work, and provide employees with occupational safety and health training suitable for their work.
2) Employees have the right to obtain working conditions and labor protection articles to ensure their health and safety, and the employer has the responsibility to improve the working conditions of employees and distribute labor protection articles that meet the safety and health requirements.
3) The employee has the right to refuse the illegal command of the management personnel of the employing unit and force them to take risks.
4) Employees have the right to criticize, report and accuse behaviors that endanger life safety and health.
5) In case of an emergency that seriously endangers the life safety of employees, employees have the right to take necessary emergency measures and report the relevant situation to the management personnel of the employer.
4. What are the obligations of employees in terms of labor safety and health?
1) Consciously abide by various safety production rules and regulations, strictly implement safety operation procedures and supervise each other.
2) Concerned about the safety production of enterprises, and actively put forward reasonable suggestions to improve the safety production.
3) Actively participate in safety production activities, receive safety knowledge education, constantly improve safety awareness, enhance self-prevention ability, and strive to achieve "three no injuries".
4) Take good care of and correctly use labor protection articles, safety protection devices and safety facilities, maintain equipment and clean working environment.
5) When unsafe conditions and accidents are found, take measures quickly and report in time.
6) Have the right to refuse illegal command and unsafe operation.
5, accident responsibility.
Responsible for accidents caused by illegal operation, violation of labor discipline and unauthorized removal of safety protection devices or facilities.
6. What safety education are there?
Three-level safety education, regular safety education, professional education for special types of work, and safety education for transferred personnel.
7. What is the content of "four understandings and three meetings" in job training?
Understand the process flow, equipment structure, equipment performance, equipment management, operation, maintenance and troubleshooting.
8. What is the role of safety education? 1 employees' safety awareness can be improved through safety education and training. Can help employees master safety knowledge and technology. 3 can promote the realization of employee safety management. 4. It can strengthen the construction of two civilizations in enterprises.
9. "Three-level safety education" refers to three-level factory-level safety education, workshop safety education and safety team education.
10, who is the target of "three-level safety education"? 1, newly recruited workers, personnel transferred from other units, and personnel transferred from ordinary posts to special posts.
1 1. What is the content of safety education at the factory level? Introduce the forms and general contents of safety production in this enterprise. Learn relevant documents and explain the great significance of safe production. This paper introduces the general electromechanical safety knowledge education, general safety technical knowledge and the main causes of casualties in special dangerous places in enterprises. The accident lesson expounds the importance of safe production from both positive and negative aspects, so that workers can receive pre-job education on safe production.
12. What is the main content of workshop education? General situation of this workshop, production nature, production tasks and processes, dangerous areas of this workshop, toxic and harmful operations and safety matters that must be observed. The safety production situation, problems and typical examples of good and bad in this workshop.
13, what is the main content of security guard education? What is the production nature of the team, what is the nature of the production post that the task will be engaged in, the performance and characteristics of the mechanical equipment and tools that will be used in production responsibility, and the performance, function and maintenance methods of safety devices and protective facilities? The importance, necessity and precautions of keeping the workplace clean and tidy in this type of work, the correct use and storage of personal labor protection articles, the measures to prevent accidents and the emergency measures to be taken after accidents, accident cases and lessons.
14. What are the four colors of safety color? Safety colors are red, yellow, blue and green.
15. What are the types of safety signs, including prohibition signs, warning signs, indication signs and prompt signs?
16. What is the function of safety signs? It reminds people of unsafe factors and plays a role in ensuring safety.
17. What does the safety sign mean? Red indicates prohibition and stop. Used as a sign of prohibition, such as no fireworks, yellow means warning and attention, if you pay attention to safety, blue means instructions when your hand is injured, and you must abide by it, such as wearing a helmet, green means that it is safe to pass, emergency exit and safe shelter.
18. What are the safety requirements before work? You must have enough rest. People who drink are not allowed to go to work. 2 tools, equipment and protective equipment must be checked, and they should be stopped immediately if they are damaged. You must remember the safety operation rules of this post.
19, what should employees do when they go to work? One is to think about the safety problems in the production operation that day and how to prevent them. The second inspection is to check whether the machines, equipment, tools and materials used in the workplace meet the safety requirements, whether there are hidden dangers in the previous process, how to eliminate them, whether the operation of this position will affect the personal safety around and how to prevent them. Three strictness means operating in strict accordance with safety requirements, operating in strict accordance with process regulations, observing labor discipline and not engaging in activities unrelated to production.
20. What are workers forbidden to wear when they enter the production site? Workers are forbidden to wear slippers and sandals to enter the production site. Women workers are forbidden to wear skirts and high heels.
2 1, what is the "five simultaneities" of safety production? Safety work and production work should be planned, arranged, checked, summarized and evaluated simultaneously.
22. The scope of hazardous operations refers to 1 aerial work 2 hot work 3 confined space operations and other operations with greater risks.
23. How to deal with the contradiction between production and safety? First, solve the security problem. Production must obey the safety guarantee and organize production under safe conditions.
24. What does "three violations" mean? It refers to illegal command, illegal operation and violation of labor discipline.
25. "Three No Harms" means not hurting yourself, others and others.
26. "Three noes" means that individuals have no violations, posts have no hidden dangers, and teams have no accidents.
27. What are the "four inaccuracies" in machine operation? 1 Do not touch the rotating parts with your hands. It is forbidden to put your body into the rotating part to explore objects. It is forbidden to cross unprotected equipment and walk through mechanical gaps. 4 It is forbidden to measure the size of the workpiece during operation.
28. What are the safety requirements for working in the mechanical transmission part? Clothing engaged in mechanical transmission parts must be "three tights", that is, the coat, cuffs and trouser legs should be tied tightly. Women workers are not allowed to wear long clothes and long skirts to work.
29. What are the safety regulations for shutdown, inspection and maintenance? The motor fuse must be pulled out or the switch must be locked, and the safety sign "No Driving" must be hung on the electrical switch. After the repair, the license can be revoked before driving, but the license taker must be a listed person and take the safety sign in time.
30. What are the "five haves" of mechanical equipment protection facilities? Which wheels have covers, shafts have sleeves, pits have fences, mouths have covers and holes have grates?
3 1, the safety height of protective railings shall not be less than 1 m, and the gap between railings shall not be greater than 25cm. If it is firm and durable, repair it in time.
32. Where is it forbidden to walk or sit? It is forbidden to walk or sit down on railings, pipes, backrest wheels, safety covers or bearings of running equipment. If you have to work on a pipe, you must take safety measures.
33. The concept of personal safety is to eliminate all negative factors that endanger personal safety and health, and the work that ensures people's safety, health and comfort is called personal safety.
34. The concept of equipment safety is to eliminate all dangerous factors that damage equipment, products and other property and ensure normal production, which is equipment safety.
35. What are the unsafe behaviors of people? One is intentional behavior or wrong behavior caused by poor safety awareness, and the other is unintentional behavior caused by improper information processing in human brain.
36. What are the fundamental measures to prevent personal injury? Violation of regulations is the root of the accident. Effectively controlling the habitual violation of operation is the fundamental measure to prevent personal injury.
37. What are the anti-violation measures? Anti-violation measures must be disciplined, someone responsible, well documented, overcome regardless of punishment, and resolutely implement the economic assessment of heavy rewards and heavy penalties.
38. The person responsible for illegal operation mainly refers to the person responsible for illegal operation, mainly refers to the person responsible for illegal operation.
39. Those responsible for installation violations mainly refer to technicians, equipment owners or direct leaders.
40. The person responsible for commanding violations mainly refers to who is responsible for commanding violations, and the person responsible for commanding violations mainly refers to the commander himself.
4 1, what are the three evils of violating the rules? One harms himself, the other harms others and the collective.
42. What are the safety requirements for pressure vessels? All kinds of pressure vessels are not allowed to be knocked, collided or touched by part-time personnel when they are under pressure.
43. * * What are the safety requirements for the same operation * * There should be a special person in charge of commanding and observing the regulations of signaling step by step, and it is necessary to stop others' illegal operation or unsafe factors in time.
44. The hazards of oblique crane overload the objects that are not overloaded, make the objects swing from side to side and easily hurt people, and make the steel wire rope jump and get stuck, thus shortening the service life.
45. What are the safety requirements for the use and storage of gas cylinders? When the air valve is frozen, it is forbidden to knock and collide with the gas cylinder. Gas cylinders cannot be baked with fire. Flammable and combustion-supporting gas cylinders should not be stored near heat sources. The distance between the gas cylinder and the open flame shall not be less than10m.
46. What are the safety regulations for climbing? 1 When climbing in a dangerous area of more than three meters, the operator must fasten his seat belt, wear a safety helmet and are not allowed to wear hard shoes. Seat belts should be fastened to solid buildings or shelves, and tools should be stored in tool bags. 2 The gradient of the ladder used must be about 70 degrees, and the anti-skid pad must be put in place. Ladders must be held or fastened by people, and the middle of the ladder must be fastened with strong ropes.
47. How to operate in case of sudden power failure in production? In case of sudden power failure in production, the power supply must be cut off quickly, and then turned on in sequence after mechanical call to prevent personal accidents caused by sudden start.
48. What are the rules for temporary electricity use? There must be a special person in charge to strictly determine the time limit for temporary electricity use. Take it out immediately after use.
49. What are the safety requirements when using temporary lighting? 1 The lighting line should be relatively fixed. The hanging height of lamps and lanterns should not be less than 2.5 meters. Wires should not be dragged on the ground or directly tied to metal structures. 2 line lamp voltage shall not exceed 36V, the bulb should have a protective cover. The voltage of temporary lighting lamps installed in particularly humid places or metal equipment shall not exceed12v.
50. What are the safety requirements after temporary electricity use? After the end of temporary electricity consumption, the temporary electricity consumption unit shall promptly notify the power supply execution unit, and the original temporary electricity consumption unit shall dismantle the temporary electricity lines by itself, and other units shall not dismantle them without authorization. The demolition unit shall be responsible for the consequences caused by unauthorized demolition.
5 1, welding machine, hand-held power tools and other mobile electrical facilities should pay attention to what matters. 1 submersible pumps, hand-held power tools and other mobile electrical facilities must be connected to the power cord of the leakage protector in accordance with regulations, without damage or joint. 2 leakage protectors must be installed in the welding machine body and temporary distribution box, and the safety operation procedures of welding machine must be strictly implemented. 3. The mobile cable tray used by each unit must be connected with the cable of leakage protector, and it is not allowed to damage the cable tray with joint. It is strictly prohibited to use in wet places, and it is not allowed to be used in places with water, mud and metal. Cable reels should be checked frequently. If the leakage protector is damaged or insensitive, it must be stopped immediately. 4 Electric welding machine, mobile cable reel and power cord are forbidden to move with electricity, and it is forbidden to wet hands and feet or operate in wet and watery places.
52. What items should be included in the daily inspection of electric tools? 1 Are the housing and handle cracked or damaged? 2 is the protective grounding or zero connection correct, firm and reliable? 3 Is the flexible cable or cord in good condition? 4 Is the plug normal, flexible and defective? 6 Are the electrical protection devices in good condition? 7 Are the mechanical protection devices in good condition? 8 Whether the rotating parts of electric tools are flexible and barrier-free.
53. What should I do if I find someone getting an electric shock? If someone is found to get an electric shock, the power supply should be cut off immediately, so that the person who gets an electric shock can be separated from the power supply and first aid should be given. If you work at high altitude, you must pay attention to prevent falling.
54. What are the three basic measures of cardiopulmonary resuscitation to support life? 1 Open airway, 2 mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and 3 chest compressions.
55. What is the main function of the safety valve? The function of the safety valve is to automatically open the steam when the boiler pressure exceeds the specified value, so as to restore the pressure to normal and avoid the overpressure of the boiler.
56, the concept of special operations personnel who engage in the safety of the operator himself or others and the surrounding facilities have great harm.
57. Safety requirements for operators of special equipment Operators of special equipment installation, operation, repair and maintenance must undergo professional training and assessment and obtain relevant operation certificates before they can engage in corresponding work.
58. What are the company's particularly dangerous equipment: pressure vessels, lifting machinery, electrical equipment, motor vehicles and various machine tools?
59. What are the conditions for successful first aid? The condition of successful first aid is quick action and correct operation. What is the direct cause of the accident? First, the unsafe state of the equipment; Second, people's unsafe behavior; Third, a dangerous environment; Fourth, poor management.
6 1, How to protect the scene of the accident After the accident, the accident unit must assign special personnel to strictly protect the scene of the accident and rescue the wounded quickly. The scene of the accident that has not been explored and recorded shall not be changed at will.
62. What is the principle of "four pass" in accident handling? 1 If the cause of the accident is not clear, don't let it go. Neither the person responsible for the accident nor the surrounding people were educated. Don't let go without preventive measures. The person responsible for the accident has not been dealt with.
63. What are the definitions of "direct responsibility" and "main responsibility" in an accident? The "direct responsibility" and "main responsibility" in the accident refer to the personnel who directly lead to the accident and play a leading role in the accident process through illegal command, illegal operation negligence and dereliction of duty.
64. 1 What are the high temperature and strong thermal radiation operations? 2 high temperature and high humidity operation? Open-air operation in summer.
65. How to deal with heatstroke? 1 in vitro cooling will transfer heatstroke patients to a well-ventilated low-temperature environment, take off clothes, massage skin and muscles, and promote heat dissipation. For patients without shock, you can take a bath with ice water or move the heatstroke victim into an air-conditioned room at about 20℃ and use evaporation to cool the shock. For example, wet the skin repeatedly with 15℃ cold water or use an electric fan and air conditioner at the same time. Workers with high temperature must pay attention to diet and rest. If you are mentally ill, avoid working in a high temperature environment. If there is a serious case that cannot be alleviated in a short time, call the staff hospital immediately.
66. What are the functions of helmets and other head protection equipment? 1 Protect the head from being hit or hit by an object. Protect the head from flame, corrosive smoke, dust and bad weather conditions. It can prevent the head and hair from being polluted by harmful substances and prevent the head from being involved in the moving mechanical equipment.
67. What are the requirements for wearing a helmet? The helmet to be worn should have a lower strap and a rear hoop, and it should be fastened to prevent the hat from slipping off.
68. The concept of accident prevention refers to the early detection, identification and judgment of various risk factors that may lead to disasters and accidents, especially those potential risk factors, so as to eliminate or control these risks and prevent and avoid disasters and accidents.
69. What circumstances can be identified as work-related injury 1 sudden illness and death during working hours and jobs or death within 48 hours after being rescued? Injured in activities such as emergency rescue and disaster relief to safeguard national interests and public interests. (3) Employees who were disabled in the army because of war or work have obtained revolutionary disabled servicemen's certificates, and the old injuries have recurred to the employer.
70. According to the provisions of the Labor Law, under what circumstances can the employer terminate the labor contract with the employee in case of serious violation of labor discipline or the rules and regulations of the employer?
7 1, what is the basic principle of fire fighting? 1 control first, then destroy. Saving lives is more important than putting out fires. 3 Focus first, then general.
72. What is the phenomenon that combustible substances are heated or self-heated and burn by heat without external sparks, flames and other fire sources?
73. What are the contents of the six prohibitions on fire prevention? 1 Smoking is prohibited in places where smoking is prohibited. 2. Fire for production and life must be guarded by special personnel. The personnel on duty should be conscientious. 4. The installation and use of electrical equipment are not allowed to violate the regulations. 5. Educate children not to play with fire. 6. All kinds of fire fighting equipment and tools are not allowed to be damaged or misappropriated.
74. What are the contents of the "six prohibitions" for hot work? 1 Do not do hot work without approval of hot work permit. 2 No hot work is allowed without reliable isolation from the production system. 3 No hot work is allowed until the surrounding flammable materials are eliminated. 4 Not clean and not hot. 5 No hot work is allowed without timely hot work analysis. 6 Do not use fire without fire control measures.
75. What are the safety requirements for temporary use of fire? 1. Hold a fire permit. 2. It shall be kept by designated personnel. 3. Take preventive measures. 4. All outdoor use of fire is prohibited in strong winds above category 5. Fire is prohibited in key parts of the room.
76. What are the precautions for calling a fire alarm? It should be calm, quick, concise and accurate. It is necessary to find out the location of the fire and the serial number of the district, county and street where it is located, or the name of the township, village and unit, and explain what substance is on fire, whether there are people trapped in the fire, and whether there are flammable and explosive substances. It is necessary to find out the name, unit and telephone number of the alarm person. If the fire is in a remote place, send someone to meet the fire truck at the intersection.
77. What are the approved safety regulations for open flame workplaces? The approved open flame workplace shall not be moved at will or need to be moved or extended for a long time, and shall be re-approved. Otherwise, the perpetrators shall be responsible for the accidents caused by unlicensed hot work.
78. What are the contents of employees' "three understandings and three meetings" in fire control work? Know the fire danger of this department, know the fire prevention measures, know the fire extinguishing methods, use fire fighting equipment, put out the initial fire and call the police.
79. The key fire prevention parts of the company are oil depot, liquefied gas station, finished product warehouse, pulp board warehouse, raw material yard, mowing shed, assembly workshop, block board yard, sorting warehouse and power distribution room.
80. How to use the portable dry powder fire extinguisher? When using it, open the safety pin, aim the nozzle at the root of the fire source, and engage the pull ring to extinguish the fire from near to far. For example, when fighting an oil fire, pay attention to the fact that the dry powder airflow does not directly impact the oil surface to avoid oil spillage. Pay attention to the withstand voltage level and the safe distance between the body, the nozzle, the human body and the charged body.