Analysis:

Knowledge of prevention and treatment of human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza. The full text is as follows:

1. What is avian influenza?

Avian influenza, the abbreviation of avian influenza, is an infectious disease of poultry caused by influenza A virus, which is easy to cause epidemic among birds (especially chickens). In the past, people called it chicken plague. The mortality rate of infected birds is very high.

Second, what is human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza?

Avian influenza viruses can be divided into three categories: highly pathogenic, low pathogenic and non-pathogenic. Among them, highly pathogenic avian influenza is a disease caused by H5 and H7 subtype strains (represented by H5N 1 and H7N7). Highly pathogenic avian influenza is classified as Class A animal disease by the World Organization for Animal Health and Class A animal disease in China because of its rapid spread, great harm and high mortality. The highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N 1 continues to evolve, and the range of its parasitic animals (also known as hosts) will continue to expand, which can infect mammals such as tigers and domestic cats. The proportion of normal domestic ducks carrying and excreting viruses increased, especially pigs.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus can directly infect humans. From 65438 to 0997, the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N 1 infected 18 people in Hong Kong and 6 people died, which proved for the first time that highly pathogenic avian influenza can endanger people's lives.

By June, 2005, H5N 1 virus had been found in Cambodia, China, Taiwan Province Province, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkey, Romania, Greece and other countries.

Human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza is a Class B infectious disease stipulated in the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, and preventive and control measures shall be taken according to Class A infectious diseases.

3. How did people get infected with bird flu?

Avian influenza virus can enter the human body through the digestive tract and respiratory tract and infect people. Humans can also be infected by direct contact with poultry infected with avian influenza virus and their droppings or by direct contact with avian influenza virus. It is also a route of transmission through droplets and contact with respiratory secretions. If you come into direct contact with articles with a considerable amount of viruses, such as poultry droppings, feathers, respiratory secretions, blood, etc. It can also cause infection through conjunctiva and broken skin.

4. What are the manifestations of human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza?

After people are infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza, the onset is very urgent, and the early manifestations are similar to those of ordinary influenza. The main manifestation is fever, with a body temperature above 39℃ 1 ~ 7 days, usually 3 ~ 4 days, which may be accompanied by runny nose, stuffy nose, cough, sore throat, headache and general malaise. Some patients may have digestive tract symptoms, such as nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea and watery stools. In addition to the above manifestations, severe patients infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza can also have pneumonia, respiratory distress and other manifestations, and even lead to death.

5. What is the key to prevent people from being infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza?

The key to prevent and control human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza is to achieve "four early", that is, early detection, early reporting, early isolation and early treatment of diseases;

Early detection: When you or people around you have symptoms such as fever, cough, shortness of breath and general pain, you should go to the hospital immediately.

Early report: If a case of human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza or similar cases is found, report it to local medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions in time.

Early isolation: isolate cases and suspected cases of human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza in time, and isolate or observe close contacts according to the situation to prevent the spread of the epidemic.

Early treatment: Patients diagnosed with highly pathogenic avian influenza should be actively treated, especially those with other chronic diseases. After antiviral treatment, supportive treatment and symptomatic treatment, most patients can recover and leave the hospital.

6. How to prevent people from being infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza in daily life?

1, a healthy lifestyle is very important to prevent diseases. Usually, we should strengthen physical exercise, rest more, avoid overwork, don't smoke, and wash our hands frequently; Pay attention to personal hygiene and cover your mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing.

2. Keep the room clean, use washable floor mats, avoid carpets that are difficult to clean, keep the floor, ceiling, furniture and walls clean, and ensure smooth drainage channels; To maintain indoor air circulation, open the window twice a day for at least 10 minutes each time, or use an exhaust fan to maintain air circulation; Try to go to places with poor ventilation as little as possible.

3. Pay attention to food hygiene, thoroughly cook poultry eggs, and pay attention to the separation of raw and cooked food when processing and preserving food; Develop good hygiene habits, do a good job in kitchen hygiene, do not eat raw poultry meat and internal organs, and wash your hands thoroughly after dissecting live (dead) poultry, livestock and their products.

4. When the epidemic situation is discovered, contact with poultry should be avoided as far as possible; The public, especially children, should avoid close contact with poultry and wild birds.

5. Pay attention to the disinfection of household appliances. Avian influenza virus is heat-labile, and can be inactivated in 100℃ 1 min. Sensitive to common disinfectants such as dryness, ultraviolet rays, mercury and chlorine.

6. If you have fever and respiratory symptoms, you should wear a mask and see a doctor as soon as possible, and remember to tell the doctor whether you have traveled abroad or had contact with poultry before you get sick.

7, once sick, should be under the guidance of a doctor treatment and medication, rest, drink more water, pay attention to personal hygiene.