Measures to protect students' eyesight Over the years, under the guidance of this banner, the school has continued to grow and develop, and its running level has been comprehensively improved. The school has a branch. There are 52 classes, 3,257 students and 204 faculty members. The school is committed to improving the overall quality and has won a good social reputation. It is the largest window school in Siping and the first batch of quality education demonstration schools in Siping. Over the past five years, the school has won more than 70 honors, including Siping model collective, provincial civilized unit, provincial sports traditional school, national Red Flag Brigade of Young Pioneers, national fire safety education demonstration school, national child safety demonstration school and national advanced school of moral education and scientific research.
The school has always attached importance to preventing approaching, and has achieved certain results in protecting students' eyesight and promoting students' health in recent years.
First, leaders attach great importance to it and all staff participate.
1. Established a leading group to prevent approaching, with the principal as the leader, the vice president in charge of sports and health arts as the deputy leader, and the director, class teacher and health teacher as the main members; Formulate the "Work Plan for Myopia Prevention and Control of Liumalu Primary School Students" and improve the relevant myopia prevention and control system; Formed? Unified leadership of the school, full support of the grade, active cooperation of the class teacher, concrete implementation of health teachers, and full participation of teachers? Five-level management mode; Let all teachers and students fully realize the importance of preventing myopia and protecting eyesight. The goal of building a brand school with healthy characteristics was established, which ensured the solid development and smooth implementation of the approach prevention work.
2. Liuma Road Primary School has set up a student health duty group. Each group consists of physical education committee members and eye exercises commanders of each class, and is responsible for the prevention and treatment of myopia in the class. The specific work content is that the Sports Commission urges the students of this class to go out of the classroom during recess, look at the green vegetation in the distance, or overlook it. The commander of eye exercises cooperates with the Sports Commission and takes the lead in doing eye exercises every day.
Second, formulate a system and strengthen publicity.
In order to strengthen the attention of teachers, students and parents to the prevention of myopia, it is formed in the whole school? Take care of your eyes, improve your eyesight, and be proud of your eyesight? The atmosphere of public opinion.
1, combined with the characteristics of school work, the seven one projects were implemented.
(1) The first week of school is designated as publicity week to avoid approaching. According to the physiological and psychological characteristics of students at different stages of development, it is an important task of school health education to protect eyesight and cultivate students' eye hygiene habits, set up information desks, actively publicize them and take effective measures to implement them.
(2) Conduct an approach prevention lecture once a month. Health knowledge about the characteristics of eyeball development at different growth and development stages, the causes of myopia, the harm of myopia, and the prevention and correction of myopia. It is for students of different ages to enhance their self-care ability.
(3) Hold a handwritten newspaper competition with the theme of "Love your eyes and protect your eyes" every semester, so that students can master the importance of using their eyes correctly and protecting their eyesight during the collection and production process.
(4) Every issue of the blackboard newspaper has a propaganda angle to prevent approaching. Tell some short stories and cartoons about protecting your eyesight. Vividly let students know the importance of protecting their eyesight and all kinds of disadvantages caused by poor eyesight.
(5) Every parent-teacher meeting has the content of approaching prevention. At the parent-teacher meeting, the teacher reflected the situation of students' vision protection to parents and instructed parents to do a good job in students' vision protection. Publicize the importance and methods of protecting eyesight to parents, let parents create good learning conditions for students, and urge students to arrange their time reasonably. And give parents guidance on eye hygiene and health exercises for students, so that parents can better cooperate with the school's myopia prevention and treatment work.
(6) Every Eye-Love Day has school-wide activities. On the day of Eye-Love Day, our school will publicize the campus culture through the school publicity window and blackboard newspaper? Eye love day? Theme, construction? Like eyes? The atmosphere is good. At the same time, the "code of prevention of myopia for primary and secondary school students" was posted and distributed to students. At the same time? Guarding the window of the soul? And other related competitions, so that students can understand more deeply the importance of protecting their eyesight and how to protect their eyesight.
(7) Good class etiquette class. Our school has set up etiquette classes, in which classroom etiquette is the focus. The reading posture (book stand, waist stand), writing posture (three ones), eye hygiene (direct vision) and teacher's eye relaxation during recess are specified and explained in detail, which improves the skills of preventing approaching. Every semester, various forms such as radio and bulletin boards are used to regularly publicize eye care knowledge such as scientific eye use and myopia prevention, so as to cultivate students' awareness of eye care in like eyes and develop correct reading and writing posture and eye hygiene habits. At the end of the semester, the school organized a summary exchange of experience in preventing myopia. Play a real preventive role.
2. Develop an evaluation system for vision examination and eye exercises.
Our school system stipulates that all students must have their eyesight checked once every quarter and four times a year. Critical vision? And then what? Mild myopia? Objective To correct and reduce the incidence and prevalence. At the same time, the school radio station uses radio music to instruct all students to do eye exercises between classes, and records the practice in each class.
Is it made as a school? Civilization class? An evaluation content of evaluation. When doing eye exercises, the head of the school and the school doctor patrol to correct the students' movements at any time to ensure the quality of the students' eye exercises.
3. Formulate student seat adjustment and physical examination system for all teachers and students.
The head teachers of each class should reasonably adjust the students' seats once a month according to the students' actual height, so as to reduce the possibility of students' strabismus and myopia. At the same time, according to the relevant regulations, the teachers and students of the whole school are organized to have a physical examination once a year to seriously correct the students who have suffered from pseudomyopia (health care workers use corrective instruments to correct them every day). For those already suffering from myopia, inform parents to take them to the hospital for examination and wear glasses.
3. Increase investment and logistical support.
In order to better prevent myopia, Liumalu Primary School has made every effort to improve the configuration of desks and chairs for teachers of all grades, improve the lighting of classrooms and replace classroom equipment such as blackboards in time according to the specific requirements of eye hygiene and related environment in the Work Plan for Prevention and Control of Myopia for Primary and Secondary School Students. Specific actions are as follows:
(1) The school will change and adjust the desks and chairs every semester to ensure that each class has two types of new desks and chairs. The first grade adopts adjustable tables and chairs. Over the past three years, * * * has replaced more than 500 sets of desks and chairs. Ensure the safety and hygiene standards of desks and chairs to the greatest extent, and ensure the needs of students. The height of desks and chairs should match the height of students as much as possible, and students' seats should be changed once a month in each grade and class.
(2) Last summer vacation, our school invested more than 200,000 yuan to replace the power cord in the building, and each classroom in the school was equipped with 13 lamps according to the national standard, which improved the indoor lighting conditions and improved the uniformity of illumination distribution in the classroom.
(3) In order to ensure that the blackboard is not damaged or dazzled, our school has replaced the blackboard in time in the past three years. This year, 24 high plastic blackboards were replaced, so that students in the classroom can clearly see the contents on the blackboard.
Fourth, enrich activities to ensure the effect.
1, pay attention to training, guide students to use eye hygiene and call on all teachers to cultivate students' good eye hygiene habits throughout the whole classroom teaching, and correct students' bad reading and writing posture at any time, so that their eyes are one foot away from the book, their chests are punched from the table, and their hands are one inch away from the pen tip; Take a break when you write for an hour. Don't read in bed, in a moving car, in dim or bright light.
2. Promote activities to relieve students' visual fatigue.
Through various competitions, such as eye exercises, students' initiative in learning how to care for their eyes can be improved. Students who achieve excellent results in the competition will be rewarded to improve their enthusiasm. In order to better protect the eyesight of junior students, we also inserted the classroom rhythm of 1 minute in the middle of the first and second grades, okay? Charming teacher, wonderful performance? In the contest, the teachers created Happy Together, Little Trojan Horse, Little Hand Clap and Digital Song, which were deeply loved by children. It has played a very good role in relieving children's long-term use of eyes and solving vision fatigue.
Fifth, reduce stress and enhance physical fitness.
Teachers of all grades make reasonable teaching plans according to the situation of all grades to reduce students' learning pressure, and physical education teachers of all grades earnestly carry out various sports activities to improve students' physical quality. Arrange students' homework and extracurricular activities reasonably, so that students can have a proper eye burden and their work and rest can be adjusted reasonably. Details are as follows:
1. Ensure students' recess and after-school rest time. Improve teaching methods and organize teachers to carry out education, teaching and training through expert lectures, CD-ROM reports and overseas visits. Teachers' innovative instruction class, school-based teacher demonstration class, young teachers' competition class, teaching design exhibition, active classroom activity exhibition, excellent teaching plan exhibition and evaluation, chalk word competition, charming teachers' wonderful performance and so on can improve teachers' quality, improve classroom teaching quality and efficiency, and effectively avoid delay. Arrange homework reasonably, and leave no written homework in the lower grades. The homework time of middle school students should not exceed half an hour, and that of senior students should not exceed one hour, so as to ensure the students' sleep time every day. At the same time, reduce the number of subjects and exams, and do not arbitrarily increase class hours or make up classes on holidays to reduce students' learning pressure.
2. Ensure the time and quality of sports activities. Take a variety of forms to carry out a variety of extracurricular sports activities extensively and seriously, and ensure that students have one hour of sports activities every day. Hold sports meeting every year to enhance students' physique. A strong body can not only avoid systemic diseases, but also benefit the normal development of eyeballs.
Due to our effective prevention and control, the detection rate of poor eyesight among 2970 students in the main school this year is 9.96%, which is significantly lower than that in Jilin Province (2 1.52%), so the incidence of poor eyesight among students in our school is still at a low level in provinces and cities.
Today, our prevention work has made some achievements, but there is still room for further strengthening and improvement. We will continue to learn and improve, and constantly explore and innovate, so that it will continue to innovate in development and develop in innovation, and take it as a useful supplement to the characteristic education in our school to promote the in-depth development of the overall work of the school.
The importance of protecting students' eyesight A series of shocking figures:
China's nearsighted population exceeds 300 million, accounting for 33% of the world's nearsighted population, far higher than the world average of 22%. China will add about 450,000 blind people and 6.5438+0.35 million people with low vision every year, that is, there will be/kloc-0 blind people and 3 patients with low vision every minute. If effective measures are not taken, by 2020, the number of people with visual disabilities in China will be four times that of now, and it is estimated that it will reach more than 50 million. The incidence of myopia in China ranks first in the world, second only to Japan. Myopia increases by about 6% every year. Visual impairment has become a serious public health problem in China.
According to statistics of relevant departments, the incidence of myopia among students in China ranked fourth in the world as early as 1998. In 2002, it quickly rose to the second place in the world, second only to Japan. The detection rate of poor eyesight in 7- 12-year-old pupils is 32.5%, junior high school students are 59.4%, senior high school students are 77.3% and college students are 80.0%. The incidence of students' poor eyesight is increasing year by year.
The causes of myopia are quite complicated. Generally speaking, it is nothing more than congenital genetic reasons and acquired environmental factors. The former accounts for 20% and the latter accounts for 80%. If one parent is highly myopic, the heritability of children is 56%, and if both parents are highly myopic, the heritability is 100%.
1, the eye distance is too close. According to relevant data, students' myopia is mostly caused by long-term close eye use. Teenagers' eyes have strong adjustment ability. When the distance between the book and the eyes reaches 7- 10 cm, you can still see clearly. However, if they often read books at this distance, writing will make the adjustment of their eyes extremely tense, thus forming refractive (accommodative) myopia, which is called pseudomyopia. If the ciliary muscle is over-regulated for a long time and cannot flex flexibly, the convergence effect is strengthened due to over-regulation, so that the extraocular muscle exerts pressure on the eyeball, the intraocular pressure is increased, and the intraocular tissue is congested. In addition, due to the delicate eyeball tissue, the eyeball wall is gradually elongated, and the anterior and posterior axes of the eyeball are elongated. If it exceeds the normal value, axial myopia, the so-called true myopia, is formed. The normal reading distance should be 30-35cm.
2, the eye time is too long. Some students read, write and do their homework, watch TV for 3-4 hours without rest, or even go to bed late at night, which not only affects their health, but also makes their eyes overburdened, and the muscles inside and outside their eyes are in a state of tension for a long time without rest. Over time, when they see far away, their muscles can't relax and become spastic, which makes them feel blurred and form myopia. It is for this reason that some students' eyesight drops obviously after a summer vacation. Generally speaking, after reading, writing or watching TV for 40-50 minutes, you should have a rest or look far away for a while.
3. The light is too strong or too weak. If the light is too strong, such as sunlight on the handwriting, it will cause strong reflection, stimulate the eyes, make the eyes uncomfortable, and it is difficult to read the font. On the contrary, if the light is too weak and the handwriting is not illuminated enough, the eyes can't see the font clearly, and the head will move forward and get close to the book. Both of the above conditions will cause eye fatigue, excessive eye adjustment or spasm to form myopia.
4. Read while driving or walking. Some students make full use of their time, watching while walking, or reading in the walking carriage, which is not good for their eyes. Because the carriage is shaking, the body is shaking, the distance between the eyes and the book can not be fixed, and the poor lighting conditions increase the burden on the eyes, which often causes myopia.
5. Read while lying down. Many students like reading in bed, which is a bad habit. Because people's eyes must be kept horizontal to read, so that adjustment and convergence are consistent and eye fatigue is reduced. If you lie down and read a book, your eyes are not in a horizontal state, the distance between your eyes and the book is inconsistent, your eyes are inconsistent from top to bottom and from left to right, and the illumination on the book is uneven, which will make your eyes nervous, and it is easy to move the book close to your eyes. After a long time, it will increase the burden on your eyes by 2-3 times, causing myopia.
6, lack of sleep. If you don't get enough sleep, you will be listless and dizzy the next day, and your brain will not get enough rest and fatigue will not be eliminated, which will increase the burden on your eyes and promote myopia. Lack of sleep is a very important cause of myopia.
7. The desk does not meet the requirements and the writing posture is incorrect. If the tables and chairs are too low, the head leans forward, the spine bends, the chest is compressed, and the eyes are adjusted tightly. Or the tables and chairs are too high, the feet are suspended, the lower limbs are easy to swing, and the correct posture cannot be maintained. Over time, the eyes will be tired and myopia will easily occur. Therefore, after the tables and chairs are properly adjusted, when changing seats regularly, the tables and chairs will move with people.
8, the influence of space rays. Watching TV for a long time is easy to make eye muscles tired; Too long computer operation time causes dry eyes and fatigue, which is easy to cause myopia, so it is necessary to control the use time appropriately.
The harm of myopia is 1, which leads to malnutrition;
Long-term eye fatigue of myopia students will lead to insufficient blood oxygen supply, and the required nutrients can not meet the nutrition consumed by the eyes in time, resulting in malnutrition. This is why many nearsighted people have:? Telephone poles? Or? Small bean sprouts? The title of.
2. Thinking is limited: Scientists have done experiments and found that people's thinking can only play a normal level when there is no light beam. When a nearsighted child wears a pair of glasses and is isolated from the world with lenses, his thinking will be limited, and the direct performance is slow response and poor learning efficiency.
3. Lack of self-confidence, poor ability to adapt to the environment, lack of self-confidence, lack of self-determination, poor self-care ability, excessive dependence on parents, lack of independence, easy anxiety and sub-health psychology.
4. Holding high marks, but not going to an ideal university: In China, people with different degrees of myopia are restricted to apply for 48 majors, and those with vision below 1.5 cannot apply for flying technology, navigation technology, fire fighting technology engineering, criminal science and technology, investigation and other majors; If the lens degree is greater than 400 degrees, it cannot be admitted to the majors of marine technology, marine science, measurement and control technology and instruments, nuclear engineering and nuclear technology, biomedical engineering, aircraft manufacturing engineering, fashion design, etc. If the lens is greater than 800 degrees, you can't enroll in geology and mineral resources, water conservancy, civil engineering, animal husbandry, aquatic products, materials, energy and power, chemical and pharmaceutical, military and agricultural engineering. Forestry engineering, plant production, forest resources, environmental ecology, psychology, environment and safety, environmental science, electronic information science, material science, atmospheric science, as well as geographical science, surveying and mapping engineering, transportation, traffic engineering and other majors.
Preventive measures for myopia cultivate students' habit of protecting their eyesight with their eyes.
1. Cultivate their correct reading and writing posture, and don't lie prone on the table or twist their bodies. Keep the book and eyes one foot long.
2. The reading and writing time should not be too long. After 1- 1.5 hours, take a short rest: look far and do eye exercises. The use distance of the computer is similar to reading and writing, so you should also pay attention to the use time. )
3, writing and reading should have proper light, and the light is best irradiated from the left side. Don't read or write in too dark or too bright light, and ensure a break of 10 minutes between classes to reduce vision fatigue.
4. Actively carry out physical exercise to ensure that students have one hour of physical activity time every day.
5, teach students to write, not too small and too dense, not oblique, cursive.
6. Do eye exercises seriously. Doing eye exercises twice a day and standardizing students' exercise can really protect their eyesight and prevent myopia.
7. When watching TV, pay attention to the height and line of sight level; The distance between the eyes and the screen should not be less than 5 times the diagonal length of the screen; When watching TV, turn on small lights indoors, which is beneficial to protect your eyesight; After watching TV 1- 1.5 hours, take a short rest, watch the distance and do eye exercises.
8, should eat more foods rich in vitamins: all kinds of vegetables and animal liver, egg yolk, etc. Contains vitamin B, which is good for eyes; Eating more animal liver can cure night blindness.
Myopia patients generally lack chromium and zinc. Myopia patients should eat more foods with high zinc content. Foods such as soybean, almond, laver, kelp, mutton, yellow croaker, milk powder, tea, meat, beef, liver and so on contain more zinc and chromium, which can be increased appropriately. It is best to take protein zinc for zinc supplement.
Playing badminton and table tennis can prevent myopia. In the process of playing ball, the eyes quickly follow the flexible badminton and table tennis. Small ball sports? Trajectory change is of unexpected benefit to the improvement of eyeball function of children aged 5 ~ 9.