The responsibility system for production safety mainly refers to a system in which leaders at all levels, functional departments and workers in specific positions are personally responsible for production safety, and it is also a basic management system of enterprises. The responsibility system for safety in production is a system in which leaders at all levels, functional departments, engineers and technicians and post operators are responsible for safety in production at all levels in the process of labor production according to the safety policy of "safety first, prevention first and comprehensive treatment" and safety laws and regulations in China. The responsibility system for safe production is an integral part of the post responsibility system of enterprises, the most basic safety system of enterprises, and the core of the management system for safe production and labor protection of enterprises. Practice has proved that leaders at all levels attach importance to safety production and labor protection in enterprises that have established and improved the responsibility system for safety production, conscientiously implement the party's principles and policies on safety production and labor protection, and actively take measures to improve working conditions while organizing production seriously and responsibly, so as to reduce industrial accidents and occupational diseases. On the contrary, the responsibility will be unclear, people will shirk their responsibilities, so that no one is responsible for safety production and labor protection, and industrial accidents and occupational diseases will continue to occur. The responsibility system for production safety is a successful system and measure proved by the long-term practice of production safety and labor protection management. This system and measures were first seen in1Several Provisions on Strengthening the Work Safety of Enterprises promulgated by the State Council on March 30th, 963 (namely "Five Provisions"). The "Five Provisions" require that the leaders at all levels, functional departments, relevant engineering and technical personnel and production workers should bear their own safety responsibilities in the production process, and they must be clearly defined. The "Five Regulations" also require that leaders at all levels of enterprises and units should be responsible for the management of safety work while managing production, conscientiously implement the laws and regulations of the state on labor protection, and plan, arrange, inspect, summarize and assess safety work while planning, arranging, inspecting, summarizing and assessing production (that is, the "five simultaneities" system); Production, technology, design, supply and marketing, transportation, finance and other related full-time institutions. Enterprise units should be responsible for the requirements of realizing safe production within their respective business scope; Enterprises should strengthen the work of labor protection institutions or full-time staff according to the actual situation; All production teams of enterprise units should set up full-time safety production administrators; Employees of enterprises should consciously abide by the rules and regulations of production safety. The responsibility system for production safety is an integral part of the post responsibility system for production and business units and enterprises. According to the principle of "ensuring safety in production", the responsibility system for safe production integrates various safety production management and safe operation systems, and clearly stipulates the safety responsibilities of leaders, functional departments, relevant engineers and technicians and production workers at all levels of production and business units and enterprises. The Law on Safety in Production regards the establishment and improvement of the responsibility system for safety in production as a basic system that must be implemented in the safety management of production and business units and enterprises. In the second chapter, the security of production and business operation entities, the first paragraph of Article 17 clearly stipulates that the main person in charge of production and business operation entities is required to establish and improve the safety production responsibility system of their own units and be responsible for it. The main contents of the responsibility system for production safety of production and business units and enterprises are that the factory director and manager are the legal representatives, the first responsible persons for production safety of production and business units and enterprises, and they are fully responsible for production safety of production and business units and enterprises; Leaders and production managers at all levels of production and business units and enterprises must be responsible for safety management while managing production. When planning, arranging, inspecting, summarizing and evaluating production, safety production must be planned, arranged, inspected, summarized and evaluated at the same time; Relevant functional organizations and personnel must be responsible for the realization of safe production within their respective business scope; Workers must abide by the safety production system based on post responsibility system, strictly abide by safety production laws and regulations, do not operate in violation of regulations, have the right to refuse illegal orders, and have the right to stop operations and take emergency preventive measures when the danger is serious. The State Council 1963 "Several Provisions on Strengthening Enterprise Safety Production" requires that enterprise labor protection management must adhere to the responsibility system for safety production. It is also clearly stipulated that enterprise leaders (factory directors and managers) are fully responsible (or overall responsible) for the labor protection work of their own units, manage production safety while managing production, and conscientiously implement the national guidelines, policies and regulations on labor protection. 1978 The Notice on Conscientiously Doing a Good Job in Labor Protection issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China stipulates that if an enterprise suffers casualties, the factory director shall be held accountable first and will not be tolerated. Because the measures taken by production and business units and enterprises to prevent casualties and occupational hazards are often not completed by any functional department alone, it is difficult to achieve these measures without the overall responsibility of production and business units and enterprises. Practice has proved that the implementation of the responsibility system for production safety is conducive to enhancing the sense of responsibility of production and business units and employees of enterprises and mobilizing their enthusiasm for doing a good job in production safety. Production and business units and enterprises are composed of various administrative departments, mining areas, workshops, teams (sections) and individuals, each with its own tasks or production tasks. Moreover, safety does not exist independently from production, but runs through the whole process of production. Only by establishing a strict responsibility system for production safety from top to bottom, with clear rights and responsibilities, and sharing the responsibility for production safety given by laws and regulations to production and business units and enterprises, can safety work form a whole, and all kinds of accidents in production can take advantage of it, thus avoiding or reducing the occurrence of accidents. Therefore, in practice, many production and business units and enterprises follow the principle of combining responsibility, right and benefit, and adopt the method of target management of safety work, which is closely combined with the reward and punishment system, so that the safety work of production and business units and enterprises has been strengthened. This practice is to set the goal of safety production in advance, decompose it layer by layer, implement it to departments and teams, complete or achieve this goal within the specified time, and reward it in bonuses or other aspects; If the target is not achieved, the bonus will be deducted or other penalties will be given. In practice, we usually consider the principle of the unity of responsibility, power and benefit, that is, great power means heavy responsibility, so rewards and punishments should also be rewarded and severely punished. As the leader of the State Council said, power should be responsible, and responsibility and power should be unified.