2. Taoism, represented by Laozi and Zhuangzi. Works: Tao Te Ching and Zhuangzi Taoism is one of the important schools in the Warring States Period, also known as "Taoists". Based on Laozi's "Tao" theory at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, this school uses "Tao" to explain the essence, origin, composition and change of all things in the universe. It is believed that heaven does nothing and everything is transformed naturally. It denies that gods and ghosts dominate everything, advocates that Taoism is natural, let nature take its course, and advocates that quietism and women should be soft. The political ideal is "a small country with few people" and "governing by doing nothing".
3. Mohist school, representative figure: Mozi. Works: Mozi takes "love each other and complement each other" as the theoretical basis: treat others as yourself; Love is to love others as yourself. The purpose of "mutual benefit" can only be achieved by "blind date in the world" Politically, he advocated respecting sages and Shang Tong without attacking; Economically, it advocates vigorously saving costs; Put forward the idea of respecting heaven and ghosts. At the same time, it also puts forward the idea of "non-life" and emphasizes self-reliance.
4. Legalists, representatives: Han Fei and Li Si. Works: Han Feizi was one of the important schools in the Warring States Period. It is called a legalist because it advocates the rule of law, "don't be intimate, don't be extremely noble, and be divorced from the law." In the Spring and Autumn Period, Guan Zhong and Zi Chan were the pioneers of legalist thought. In the early Warring States period, Li Kui, Shang Yang, Shen Buhai and Shen Dao founded the Legalist School. By the end of the Warring States period, Han Fei had integrated Shang Yang's "Fa", Shen Dao's "Teacher" and Shen Wu's "Shu" and combined the thoughts and theories of Legalists.
5. Famous artists and representatives: Deng, Hui Shi, Gong Sunlong, Shen Dao and Huan Tuan. Works: Master Gongsun Zilong was one of the important schools in the Warring States Period, and he was called a master by later generations because he was engaged in academic activities focusing on debating names (names, views) and facts (facts, facts). At that time, people called them "debaters", "judges" or "famous criminals". Representative figures are Hui Shi and GongSunLong.
6. Yin and Yang family, representative figure: Zou Yan-Yin and Yang theory holds that Yin and Yang are two opposing and transforming forces of things themselves, which can be used to explain the laws of development and change of things. The five elements theory holds that everything is composed of five elements: wood, fire, earth, gold and water, and there are two laws that can be used to explain the origin and change of everything in the universe. Zou Yan integrated the two, interpreted the attributes of the five elements as "five virtues" according to the theory that the five elements were mutually reinforcing, and established the theory that "five virtues begin with the end", which was the law of the rise and fall of dynasties, and provided a theoretical basis for the establishment of a new unified dynasty.
7. Strategists and strategists, with representatives: Su Qin and Zhang Yi. China, a strategist whose main speech was circulated in The Warring States Policy, was an adviser who lobbied governors and engaged in political and diplomatic activities with the strategy of uniting Lian Heng during the Warring States Period. Be listed as one of the schools of thought. The main representatives are Su Qin and Yi Cheung.
8. Miscellaneous Notes, representative figure: Miscellaneous Notes of Lv Buwei is a comprehensive school at the end of the Warring States Period. It is named after "Confucianism and Mohism, the method of combining names" and "hundred schools of thought's way is consistent" (Han Shu Literature and Art Annals and Yan's Notes). Lu Chunqiu, compiled by Qin party guests, is a typical miscellaneous book.
9. Farmhouse, farm representative: Xuxing Farmhouse was one of the important schools in the Warring States Period. It is named after attaching importance to agricultural production. This was sent by an official in charge of agricultural production in ancient times. They believe that agriculture is the basis of food and clothing, and should be put in the first place in all work.
10. Novelist, novelist, one of pre-Qin modernism 10, collecting folk stories and investigating people's feelings and customs. "Han Shu Yi Wen Zhi" said: "Novelists are all officials. Talk in the street and listen to what the speaker has done. 」