As a product of the combination of traditional financial services and modern information technology, the emergence of bank cards is an important symbol of electronic payment tools. Please briefly describe the main participants and basic operation mode of China's bank card industry chain. At the same time, combined with the reality, this paper expounds the basic pricing mechanism and existing problems of domestic bank card transactions, and puts forward some optimization suggestions.

2) Bank card issuance is the initial link of the whole bank card business, and banks will comprehensively consider many factors when planning to issue bank card products. Please read relevant materials and briefly analyze how internal and external factors affect the development of bank card products. It is suggested that an example of a product developed by a bank can be used to help explain this problem.