The Maritime Safety Administration of the Ministry of Communications recently released the draft of Ten Measures for Seafarers' Development and Their Instructions for comments. The following measures will be implemented soon, which will have a great impact on seafarers' examination/promotion.
Ten measures for crew development and their explanations
In order to improve the quality of seafarers, promote the development of seafarers, implement the requirements of the "three services" of the Ministry, and solve the outstanding problems existing in the development of seafarers, the following measures are now implemented through research:
Measures 1. Online registration for the seaman's examination will be implemented, and the seaman's competency examination will be fully realized on call in 2009.
Electronic declaration of seamen's business, including online registration of seamen's examination, is implemented to serve the management counterparts, reduce the cost of seamen's examination, reduce maritime administrative costs, improve administrative efficiency and improve management level. Implement the remote computer terminal examination for seafarers' competency, and carry out the technical acceptance of computer classrooms in maritime colleges for the remote computer terminal examination for seafarers, so as to provide convenience for college students and seafarers to take the examination and improve the efficiency of the examination for seafarers.
The second is to establish a comprehensive evaluation mechanism for crew competency with the participation of the captain and the shipping company, and to confirm the crew competency with the comprehensive quality of the crew.
The promotion of the crew and the application for the certificate of competency must be put forward by the captain of the ship and the shipping company, so that the performance of the crew is linked to the promotion. The evaluation opinions, like the seamen's navigation qualification, safety record, competency examination and evaluation results, are the conditions for the seamen to be promoted and obtain the competency certificate, and the seamen's competency is determined by their comprehensive quality. Improve the current practice of determining seafarers' competency only through examination, link seafarers' performance with promotion, improve seafarers' comprehensive quality and curb the disorderly flow of seafarers.
Because of the flow of crew, the captain and the shipping company can't affect the promotion of crew, which is a new situation in recent years. The crew's job performance has nothing to do with job promotion. Well done, not well done, aggravated the disorderly flow of crew. Establish a comprehensive evaluation mechanism for crew competency, which is linked to crew performance and promotion, involving the captain and the shipping company. Take the crew's usual work attitude, business study and performance of duties as the conditions for crew promotion, and comprehensively evaluate the crew's competency. Establishing a comprehensive assessment mechanism for seafarers' competency is conducive to strengthening ship management. The ship's own management is the cornerstone of water safety management, and the crew members have the right to vote when they are promoted to captain, which is conducive to establishing the authority of the captain and maintaining the working order of the ship. Second, encourage the crew to conscientiously perform their duties, work hard and study their business; Third, it is conducive to improving the crew management of the company, cultivating the crew's sense of responsibility, enhancing the crew's sense of responsibility and curbing the disorderly flow of crew on the premise of safeguarding the crew's legitimate rights and interests.
Third, establish a trainee mechanism for senior crew members.
At present, in China, except for COSCO's ship, there is no such position in other ships, and sailors directly serve as the third mate, which is difficult to be competent for the independent duty work on the bridge. In recent years, in order to reduce the shipping cost, the number of people on board has been decreasing, the port operation efficiency has been improved, the ship turnover has been accelerated, the crew has no rest during their stay in port, and fatigue driving after sailing is very common. On the other hand, due to the flow of the crew, the shipping company is unwilling to arrange interns, and the crew is barely on duty, and the overall quality of the crew is declining. In addition, in order to speed up the construction of seafarers, the scale of seafarers' education and training in China has been expanding. More than 10,000 people get three pairs of pipes every year. Because there is no assistant post and special practice cabin on board, it is difficult for quasi-senior seafarers to practice on board, which becomes an obstacle to train senior seafarers and promote their development.
It is required to add "driving assistance" and "rotation assistance" to the minimum manning of some ships, establish an internship mechanism for senior seafarers, and then solve the problem of internship cabins on board, give play to the role of shipping companies in crew internship and on-the-job training, and form a benign development mechanism for seafarers. Therefore, it is planned to add pilot assistants and engineer assistants to the marine vessels of 500 gross tonnage or above or the main propulsion power plant of 750 kW or above from July 1 2008, and it is required that those who have passed the competency examination and evaluation of the third crew and third crew from July 1 2008 will serve as pilot assistants or engineer assistants for at least 6 months during the ship internship.
Fourth, strengthen the crew assessment (that is, the crew practical test) to improve the crew's practical ability.
According to STCW Convention, the crew examination is divided into competency examination and assessment. For a long time, the crew assessment has been under the responsibility of the maritime bureau directly under it, and the process is not standardized and the standards are not uniform, which has not effectively played the role of assessment. In some places, the assessment is even a mere formality. The pass rate of the competency examination for seafarers is less than 50%, but the assessment is 100%. To strengthen the assessment of seafarers, it is necessary to unify the assessment outline, assessment norms, assessment procedures and assessment examiner management. Hire enterprise captains and chief engineers as examiners, establish a team of examiners combining maritime affairs, enterprises and colleges, fully reflect the work needs of seafarers in the assessment requirements, solve the problems of "failing to pass the examination" and "failing to pass the examination" as soon as possible, and improve the operational ability of seafarers.
Fifth, cancel the restriction of college students' practical evaluation before the theoretical examination.
Navigation practice is a practice under the guidance of theory. The practical assessment before the theoretical examination does not conform to the objective reality of maritime personnel training. Before the practical evaluation, the school can take the competency examination according to the curriculum arrangement, and can teach one course at a time, thus reducing the pressure on the school to take seven courses at a time and realizing the organic combination of the competency examination for seafarers and navigation education.
At present, it is stipulated that college students can only take the competency examination after the examination, and students can only apply for the competency examination before graduation. When students are nearing graduation, the school puts a lot of energy into the seafarers' competency examination. In order to change the present situation of exam-oriented teaching, students are allowed to take the ability test many times before the assessment is completed, which is conducive to strengthening the practical teaching of the college and improving students' practical ability.
Sixth, standardize the correspondence training mode and establish the promotion channels for ordinary crew members.
Considering the practicality of seafarers' education and training, correspondence students majoring in navigation have not been allowed to take the seafarers' examination. However, these students have been engaged in seafarers' occupation after completing correspondence education at or above the junior college, and have accumulated rich practical experience in navigation, so that they can join the ranks of senior seafarers after passing the seafarers' competency examination and assessment. Require correspondence students to be on-the-job crew members in the future, establish promotion channels for ordinary crew members, encourage ordinary crew members to become talents on the job, and extend their professional life; Correspondence students are required to have certain study time at school to meet the professional requirements of seafarers and improve the quality of correspondence training.
Seventh, carry out teacher training to improve the teaching level of professional teachers.
The serious shortage of teachers in navigation education and crew training is a prominent problem that restricts the development of crew. It is planned to invite Dalian Maritime University, Shanghai Maritime University, Qingdao Ocean Shipping Crew College and other institutions to take the lead in training professional seafarers. Colleges and universities should pay attention to absorbing seafarers who have graduated from Maritime University and worked at sea, and take up teaching posts through training. Build a team of double-qualified teachers, improve the level of professional teachers and improve the quality of teaching and training.
Measure 8: Extend the qualification requirements of the third mate and the third tube wheel from 65438+February to1August.
At present, the third mate was promoted to the second mate in1February, the second mate was promoted to the first mate in1February, and the third mate was promoted to the captain in "running", which led to the decline of the professional quality of the crew and the unreasonable overall structure of the crew (at present, there are 94 A-class captains18, 865,438 A-class captains, 2,987 C-class captains, C-class captains. The frequent movement of crew makes it impossible for ships and shipping companies to check the promotion of crew members, and they will take the exam when it is time. The third mate and the third tube wheel are only one ship, and they will be promoted to the next level before they fully master their own jobs. The recent frequent ship collisions also reflect the lack of professional quality of the third mate to a certain extent, so it is necessary to extend the requirements for maritime qualifications for promotion.
Measure 9. The results of the seafarers' competency examination are valid for 3 years, and the limit on the number of make-up examinations is cancelled.
With the implementation of computer terminal examination and on-call examination for seafarers, the original limit of five make-up examinations in three years is meaningless.
Measures 10: Adjust the requirements for the promotion of senior seamen who graduated from old technical secondary schools, and rationally allocate seamen.
At present, a group of sailors who graduated from old technical secondary schools have become the backbone of the crew of major shipping companies after years of sailing practice, especially working in the position of operating senior crew for many years. The Rules for Examination, Assessment and Certification of Seafarers in People's Republic of China (PRC) (Order No.6 of Ministry of Communications, 2000), which came into effect on August/KLOC-0, 2004 (hereinafter referred to as "Rules for Examination of Seafarers"), requires that those who apply for the competency examination of management level (captain, chief mate, chief engineer) in infinite navigation area should have a college degree or above. A large number of crew members graduated from old technical secondary schools. If these people are not allowed to take the exam, the management-level crew (captain, first mate) will be out of the file. Considering the long working hours and rich working experience of these crew members, they are willing to engage in the profession of crew members for a long time. Therefore, it is proposed that the senior crew who entered the technical secondary school before 1 August 19981shall be exempted from the requirement of junior college education when they are promoted, except those who work on passenger ships, ro-ro passenger ships and oil tankers.
In addition, due to the shortage of D-class ships (ships in coastal navigation areas), there is a serious surplus of D-class crew, while there is a shortage of C-class crew (coastal navigation areas), and the salary of C-class crew is higher than that of A-class crew (infinite navigation areas). The reason why the D-class crew can't make a smooth transition to the C-class crew is also because of the educational background. According to the rules of seamen's examination, those who apply to take the C-class operation level examination (third and second officers) must have technical secondary school education, while the D-class seamen generally have no technical secondary school education. There is little difference between class d crew and class c crew. Without academic qualifications, allowing experienced D-class crew to transition to C-class after passing the examination can not only alleviate the shortage of C-class crew, but also give D-class crew a way out. Therefore, it is proposed that the senior crew members who have obtained the certificate of competency of Class D before February 1 2002 and meet the requirements of maritime qualifications will be exempted from the requirements of secondary school education when taking the competency examination for the corresponding positions (except captain and chief engineer) of Class C and Class II ships.