Generally, low-grade machines are hand-painted jacquard machines. Most of these machines are made in China, such as Panda brand, Standard brand, Meihua brand and Tonglong brand. Although their names and models are different, their performance is basically the same. Take Zhejiang Tonglong brand as an example.
The structure of this machine consists of a main engine and an auxiliary engine. Through the cooperation of the main machine and the auxiliary machine, simple patterns can be woven, such as inverted needles and spindle needles, which are mainly used to weave ribbed edges and make the fabric elastic. Its jacquard function is in the main machine part, three rows of needle plates and the needle triangle of the machine head every other day, every other day or every other day
Handmade Sweater
Pull out the needle bar to realize loop-gathering, overhead and two-color jacquard knitting, and use the eye needle transfer coil to realize pattern knitting such as mesh knitting. The operation is simple and easy to learn, but the disadvantage is that the pattern changes less and it takes time and labor. However, it is still an ideal knitting tool for knitting coarse wool simple trousers, and the price is around 1.400 ~ 1.600 yuan. Mid-range knitting machines are generally imported, and the price ranges from 4000 yuan to 8000 yuan. However, in recent years, some domestic mid-range knitting machines have entered the market, such as Shenfeng brand, Meihua brand, Qin Tian brand and Hongqi horse brand. Imported machines include Swiss white stone brand, Japanese brother brand and silver flute brand. Its performance is mainly characterized by the information provided by the hole card, automatic needle selection by machinery, and the independent continuous pattern of 40 or 24 stitches can be knitted. For example, the structure of Swiss Best brand knitting machine is mainly divided into two parts: front needle bed and back needle bed. Similar to the main machine and auxiliary machine mentioned above, through the cooperation of the front and rear needle beds, the knitting methods such as reverse needle, spindle needle, plain needle and double-plate jacquard can be knitted. The front needle bed can also be operated independently to weave various patterns, such as loops, overhead and mesh. The excellent performance of mid-range knitting machine has changed the knitting machine qualitatively, but it still has some limitations.
Computer knitting machines are mainly imported products with complete functions and equipment, and the prices vary greatly, generally ranging from 10 thousand to 30 thousand. The models on the market are Bester E6000 and E8000 made in Switzerland and CK35, KH270 and KH970 made in Japan. This type of knitting machine, such as Yin Di brand 580 and French Sobel brand 9000, is controlled by computer, which is better than any other mechanical needle selector. It can be woven according to the pattern created by the operator himself, and the pattern can be expanded several times, with multiple functions such as up and down, left and right symmetry, black and white inversion, black and white inversion and so on. It belongs to the replacement product of home knitting machine and opens up a broader road for the development of home knitting machine. Take the Japanese-made KH940 as an example, it is divided into two categories: knitting machine and design part: knitting machine is divided into main machine, auxiliary machine and accessories short, G head, tracking machine, thread changing machine, etc. The design part includes PPD 120, FB 100, etc. Empty pattern head can be used to weave empty patterns, such as gathering empty patterns, G head can weave double reverse patterns, and the embedded head can weave single-board jacquard without dotted lines. The accessory tracker is used to control the size, design the fabric style and cooperate with embroidery, and the thread changer is used to weave more than two multi-color patterns. The design part of PPD 120 is equipped with two-color, three-color or empty pattern magnetic cards, which are connected to the TV at home. You can design your own imaginary picture, which can be realized by simple operation. At this point, it is not difficult to see that with the needs of society and the progress of science and technology, middle and high-grade home knitting opportunities have gradually become the first choice tool for job seekers, but the middle and high-grade knitting machines are difficult to maintain because of their complex structure and many parts. Therefore, in purchasing, in addition to the price factor, we should also consider whether the sales department has comprehensive capabilities such as maintenance, spare parts supply and technical training to relieve worries.
sweater
It's best to start with a simple resistance knitting machine. Only by understanding the basic structure and working principle of sweater knitting machine can we better learn and master the skills of knitting machine. This film takes Zhejiang Tongluonong brand knitting machine as an example to describe it in detail. The structure of this machine is basically the same as other resistance machines, and it is divided into two parts: main machine and auxiliary machine. Reciprocating knitting and hand-drawn jacquard are carried out by using the suggested double needle bed. The main machine includes a needle, a needle bed and a tension device, and the auxiliary machine includes a needle. Firstly, the main machine needle bed is fixed on the frame with a vise, and then the auxiliary machine is installed and pressed on the head. The main machine can be used with the auxiliary machine at the same time, and can weave rib, Siping, ingot and other tissues, and can also use flat needles and various patterns alone. Its working principle is as follows: the main machine consists of three parts: needle bed, machine head and needle. Through the reciprocating motion of the handpiece, the three triangles in the handpiece interact with the needle heel, forcing the needle to sit in the needle slot and move longitudinally regularly. With the automatic opening and closing action of the latch, the knitting process of each coil is completed to achieve the purpose of knitting. The function of the needle bed is to place the needle in the needle slot. When the machine head moves left and right on the guide rail of the needle bed, the needle is forced to move up and down in the needle groove due to the pushing action of the inner triangle of the machine head, thus completing each looping process in the knitting process. The machine head is installed on the needle bed and can move repeatedly along the needle bed under the action of external force. The triangular device on the machine head forces the needle to move back and forth in the needle groove to complete the fabric looping work. The knitting machine adopts the following structure: A needle hook B needle tongue C needle bar D heel, and the needle hook is used to hook wool. The function of the needle tongue is to cooperate with the hook to repeatedly open and close the loop, and the needle heel is the stressed part, because it protrudes from the surface of the needle bed and moves back and forth directly under the triangular action. The needle bar is the connecting part between the needle tongue and the needle hook, which makes it a whole and moves along the needle groove. The tensioning device installed at the back side of the main machine needle bed can not be ignored. Its main function is to introduce the wound wool into the yarn feed port of the machine head, and then continuously introduce the needle hook into the looping process. The yarn guide is an independent component, which is installed on the yarn guide bottom plate, and its function is to feed the yarn passing through the yarn guide frame into the needle hook correctly, which is convenient for looping.
Let's first look at the function and working principle of the auxiliary machine. The auxiliary machine is called rib auxiliary machine, which is used in conjunction with the main machine. It uses straight knitting on both sides to make fabrics, such as rib needles, plain needles and spindle needles. Generally, auxiliary machines cannot be woven alone. The needle bed of rib auxiliary machine is equal to that of main machine, and so is the tongue needle. The difference is that the needle bed moving device is arranged at the left lower end of the needle bed of the rib auxiliary machine, and the relative position of the needle bed of the main machine and the auxiliary machine is adjusted by turning the handle. The assistant head must be connected with the main head before it can be used. The yarn guide is connected with the main machine head and the auxiliary machine head. The wool is put in the yarn guide, and the head pushes and pulls at the same time for knitting. Lifting device: there are adjusting handles at both ends of the rib auxiliary machine, which mainly plays the role of lifting and adjusting the distance between the main machine and the auxiliary machine needle bed.
Here is a brief introduction to the basic structure and working principle of home knitting machine.
The basic structure and working principle of low-grade, middle-grade and high-grade home knitting machines are the same, but the difference is that the low-grade knitting machine realizes the pattern change by manual needle pulling, while the middle-grade knitting machine realizes the automatic needle pulling and pattern change by mechanical needle selection and needle threading plate. High-grade computerized knitting machines use computers to control and provide information to realize pattern change, which is the fundamental difference among the three types of knitting machines. On the basis of understanding the basic structure and working principle of domestic knitting machines, it is necessary to further clarify the pattern design method of punching or computerized knitting machines from the aspect of pattern design, so as to have a more complete understanding of the use of knitting machines, which is the content to be involved in the next few classes. Hand-woven art is almost women's world, which shows that men's farming and women's weaving have a long history, come from the people and serve the world. Especially in the new century, with the rapid development of new science, new technology and new economy, people are pursuing the beauty of harmony, nature, comfort and health.
Whether in the news media or in real life, it is not difficult to see that almost everyone has several or even dozens of sweaters and trousers, which means that it has been widely and universally in people's lives, and the number is very huge. But as far as its knitting method is concerned, the traditional knitting method of hanging thread with right hand is very popular almost all over the world.
Calculation of knitting size
Calculation of knitting size of each part of coat
Back of coat
1. Starting from the bottom =( 1/2 bust-1 cm) × transverse density+sewing loss (needle)
2. Length and number of rows = (length-bottom rib) × linear density
[13] Row number of normal body length = (body length-bottom rib-hanging shoulder) × straight density.
4. The number of stitches in shoulder width = shoulder width × consumption of transverse seam (number of stitches)
5. Total number of hanging shoulders = hanging shoulder length × straight density
[6] Number of shoulder-hanging stitches =( 1\2 number of brooches-number of shoulder-width stitches) ÷2
⒎. Shoulder-hanging needle collection method: After collecting 3 ~ 6 needles, reduce 1 needle every 2 rows, and the number of needles collected shall be within 7 cm ~ 9 cm.
⒏ Number of stitches in back neckline = width of back neckline × horizontal density+sewing consumption (number of stitches)
⒐ Number of stitches on one shoulder = (number of stitches on shoulder width-number of stitches on back neckline width) ÷2
⒑ Number of stitches received by each row on the shoulder slope = Number of stitches on one shoulder ÷ Number of rows on the shoulder height.
Front piece of coat
1. Starting from the bottom =( 1/2 bust+1 cm) × transverse density+sewing loss (needle)
The length of the body is the same as that of the back panel "2".
[13] The number of lines is the same as "3" in the back film.
The number of shoulder width stitches is the same as "4" in the back panel.
5. The total number of hanging shoulders is the same as "5" in the back panel.
6. The number of stitches in the shoulder strap is the same as the "6" in the back piece.
⒎ Shoulder-hanging needle collection method: it can be compared with the back piece, but the front piece is more than the back piece 1 cm, and the number of needle collection is more than the back piece. The number of stitches that can be collected during flat collection 1 cm.
When the sleeve is woven, its vertical density and horizontal density are slightly different from the original density:
Horizontal sleeve density = original density × 1.25% straight sleeve density = required density ×95%.
1. cuff start = sleeve width ×2× sleeve transverse density+sewing loss (needle)
Number of rows of sleeve length = (sleeve length-cuff rib length) × sleeve straightness+sewing loss (number of stitches)
3. Number of stitches at the sleeve root = sleeve root width ×2× sleeve transverse density+sewing loss (number of stitches)
4. The number of stitches to be added on each side of the sleeve = (number of stitches at the sleeve root-number of stitches at the cuff) ÷2.
5. Number of rows of sleeves = number of rows of sleeves-number of rows of sleeves
6. Number of rows of sleeves = length and height of sleeves × straightness of sleeves ×+sewing consumption (number of stitches)
The number of stitches on one side of sleeve hill = (number of stitches at sleeve root-number of stitches at sleeve hill width) ÷2
Collar piece
1. Number of stitches in the collar = (collar depth ×2+ back collar width +2cm) × rib horizontal density.
4. Number of collars = collar height × rib straight density
other
When making knitting technology, we can learn from some regular dimensional relationships and simple calculation methods:
1. Generally, the sleeve width of adults is 3 cm ~ 3.5 cm less than that of hanging shoulders, and the sleeve width of children's clothes is less than that of hanging shoulders 1.5 cm ~ 2 cm.
4. The cuff width of men's shirts is 2 1 cm ~ 24 cm, and that of women's shirts is 17 cm ~ 2 1 cm.
3. When knitting sleeves, if you add needles, it will be fast and then slow, and if you reduce needles, it will be slow and then fast.
4. The height of the sleeve hill of an adult is generally 12 cm ~ 14 cm.
⒌ The number of needles collected by sleeve hill is close to that collected by front and back shoulder.
For simple knitting operation, the general back neckline can be ignored.
The back neckline width is generally 65438+ 0/3 of the shoulder width.
Calculation of sweater size by experimental method
Wool is generally divided into three types according to the number of stitches and thickness: one is high thick thread: 7-8 stitches with a width of about 3.3 cm (1 inch) and a length of about 3.3cm 8- 10, and the other is medium thick thread with a width of 3.3cm 9 stitches and a length of about 10. When weaving a pattern with these three kinds of threads, there is generally an error of 1-2 stitches, so it is necessary to increase or decrease the number of stitches according to the density of the pattern. There is also a more intuitive and accurate calculation method, that is, the test method: start with 20 stitches with selected stitches and threads, weave 3.3 cm according to the pattern you need, measure the specific size with a ruler, and then calculate the size of the sweater based on this. The specific method is to divide people's figure into three types: high, medium and short:
Men's pullovers with a height (over1.75m), a body width of about 97cm (2.9ft) and a body length of about 77cm (2.3ft);
Female Taozu people with height (1.70m), body width of 90cm (2.7ft) and body length of 70cm (2. 1 ft);
1.65-1.75m) male Taozu, with a length of 90cm (2.7ft) and 70cm (2. 1 ft);
The female Tao Zu (1.60-1.70m) is 80 cm (2.4 ft) long and 63 cm (1.9 ft) long.
Short (under 1.65m) men's pullover, 83cm (2.5ft) wide and 65cm (1.95ft) long;
Short pullover (under1.60m), 73cm (2.2ft) wide and 60cm (1.8ft) long.
Cardigan is about 7 cm (2 inches) wide and 3.3 cm (1 inch) long. The width of snow suit and coat is about 13.3 cm (4 inches), and the length can be woven into short, medium and long styles according to personal preference. Hand-knitting is originally a kind of arts and crafts completed by wisdom and endurance. After repeated conception, design and construction, a weaver can dedicate exquisite and authentic products to every beneficiary. She brings you pride, beauty and happiness. A beautiful hand-knitted sweater, like a sweater and a brand-name suit, will bring you confidence, success and joy. Nevertheless, among them, weavers have to pay a lot of hardships and spend a lot of precious time. But this requires weavers to do their best to research and develop and try their best to improve the traditional knitting method of right-handed thread hanging.
A new method-left hand ribbon has the following advantages:
1. Hold the thread with your left hand instead of hanging it, which saves the time for drawing arc and winding with your right hand. Therefore, the knitting speed can be at least increased by about 1/4. 2. Because the left hand directly takes the thread, only two hands are moving when knitting, and there is no need for frequent and intense movements of the forearm, so the physical consumption can be greatly reduced, so the labor intensity can be reduced. So it can be called energy-saving knitting method. 3. Because the left hand directly threads the thread on the needle, the tightness of the thread is easy to master through the knitting of straight needle and inverted needle, and the flatness and tightness of the knitted product are uniform. 4. Because the front and back stitches are the same, the effect is better when weaving patterns or matching several color lines. 5. If both the left hand and the right hand can knit (traditional knitting method), the left hand has one thread, the right hand has one thread, and the left and right hands are woven together successively, and the two lines do not interfere with each other. This is impossible with the traditional right-handed stripline method.