head office
Organize and coordinate the daily work of the organs of the Head Office, and undertake the drafting of relevant documents, organization of important meetings, message processing, secretarial affairs, information integration, news release, archives, letters and visits, and confidentiality.
Department of laws and regulations
Drafting draft financial regulations; To undertake the interpretation of financial laws and regulations according to law, and undertake administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation; Carry out financial legal consulting services and organize financial legal education and publicity.
Monetary policy division
To study, formulate and implement the central bank's monetary policy and its intermediary objectives; To study and put forward opinions and suggestions on the selection and application of various monetary policy tools to maintain currency stability, and be responsible for their implementation; To study, formulate and implement credit policies to promote the coordinated development of national economy and regional economy; Responsible for the daily work of the Secretariat of the Monetary Policy Committee of the People's Bank of China.
Banking supervision section 1
To undertake the supervision of wholly state-owned commercial banks, policy banks and foreign banks. Review the establishment, alteration, termination and business scope of branches according to law; Formulate rules and regulations for enterprise management; Monitor the asset-liability ratio, credit asset quality, business activities, financial revenue and expenditure and other business management; Review the qualifications of the person in charge.
Second Division of Banking Supervision
Undertake the supervision of joint-stock commercial banks and city commercial banks. Review the establishment, alteration, termination and business scope of relevant institutions according to law; Formulate rules and regulations for enterprise management; Monitor the asset-liability ratio, credit asset quality, business activities, financial revenue and expenditure and other business management; Review the qualifications of the person in charge.
Supervision department of non-bank financial institutions
To undertake the supervision of domestic non-bank financial institutions (except securities and insurance). Monitor the asset-liability ratio, asset quality, financial status and business activities; Review the qualifications of the person in charge.
Supervision department of cooperative financial institutions
To undertake the supervision of rural and urban cooperative financial institutions. Guide cooperative financial institutions to adhere to the principle of "voluntary shareholding, democratic management and mainly serving shareholders" and standardize the management of cooperative financial institutions; Study and promote the reform of cooperative financial system; Formulate asset-liability ratio management, credit asset quality management, risk management and interest rate management of cooperative financial institutions. Business management systems such as settlement management, monitoring business risks, and urging the improvement of internal supervision and control mechanisms; Formulate the management measures for the establishment conditions, business scope and the qualifications of legal representatives of cooperative financial institutions and organize their implementation.
Statistics division
Responsible for collecting economic and financial information. Statistics and analysis; Formulate the economic and financial statistical system of the People's Bank of China, and manage and coordinate the statistical work of the financial system; Organize the construction of the survey and statistics database and information automation system of the People's Bank of China; Provide financial information consultation to the State Council's financial system and comprehensive departments.
Accounting and finance department
To formulate a unified accounting settlement system, methods and implementation rules for the financial industry, and organize their implementation; Manage the financial work of China People's Bank, prepare, supervise and inspect the financial revenue and expenditure plan of China People's Bank, and prepare financial accounting statements such as balance sheet and income statement.
Payment technology department
Responsible for payment settlement, interbank settlement and account management, and organize the construction, promotion and application of modern payment systems; To formulate development plans for financial science and technology, and formulate policies, standards and management measures for financial science and technology.
International Department
To undertake official and business contacts between the People's Bank of China and international financial organizations, financial organizations in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macau and Taiwan Province, and central banks of various countries; Responsible for the foreign affairs management of the People's Bank of China.
Internal Audit Division
To supervise and inspect the performance of official duties by all functional departments (bureaus), directly affiliated institutions, branches and their staff of the People's Bank of China, especially the implementation of financial discipline; To undertake the outgoing audit of the principal responsible person, and put forward suggestions on dealing with those who violate the rules.
Personnel education department
To formulate the personnel, labor and wage management system and measures of China People's Bank and organize their implementation; To manage the institutions directly under the People's Bank of China; Organize the examination, assessment and intelligence introduction of the personnel of China People's Bank, and draw up the personnel training plan; To manage the organizational structure of the People's Bank of China.
In order to fulfill the responsibilities stipulated in the Law of the People's Republic of China on the People's Bank of China, ensure the scientific formulation and implementation of monetary policy, and effectively implement financial supervision, the People's Bank of China has set up a research bureau, a monetary and gold bureau, a treasury bureau, a security bureau and a training center as a support service system. The personnel of the above-mentioned units are managed according to the national civil service regulations, and the staffing is 260 * * *.
Research bureau
Focusing on monetary policy decision-making, analyzing and forecasting economic growth and its operation, tracking and studying China's industrial policies and economic trends such as industry, agriculture, finance and taxation, foreign trade, and major policies such as money and credit, interest rates, exchange rates, financial markets and financial risks, and making policy suggestions to the Bank's leaders.
Currency, gold and silver bureau
Formulate measures for currency issuance and gold and silver management; Undertake RMB management and anti-counterfeiting work; Arrange the production, storage, transportation, renewal and destruction of cash and tokens; Manage the receipt and payment of cash and the safety of treasury funds; Manage China's gold and silver purchasing and placing stocks and national gold reserves; Manage the gold and silver development fund; Manage the gold market in China.
Treasury bureau
Handle treasury business and implement business management for lower-level libraries; Acting as an agent for the financial department of the State Council to issue and honor treasury bonds and other government bonds to various financial institutions; Supervise and maintain the safety and integrity of the state treasury funds.
Security bureau
Responsible for the safety work of the People's Bank of China; Comprehensive analysis of financial fraud, theft and robbery cases, and formulate preventive measures; Organize armed escorts of gold, silver, cash and securities.
training center
To undertake all kinds of training for the staff of China People's Bank and qualification training for senior managers in the financial industry. China people's bank organ service center
China People's Bank Organ Service Center (Organ Affairs Administration Bureau) is a public institution directly under the Head Office and has the legal person status of a public institution. Its main responsibilities are: to adhere to the purpose of serving the organs of the head office and undertake the management of finance, assets, infrastructure, administration, government procurement and service supervision of the organs of the head office; Formulate the logistics planning and management system of the head office; Responsible for social affairs such as housing reform policy, family planning, traffic safety, civil air defense and flood control, comprehensive management of safety and social security of the organs of the head office and directly affiliated units, and responsible for the energy-saving work of the organs of the head office and guiding the people's bank of China system; Exercise the supervision and management of state-owned assets on behalf of the head office; Provide logistics support services for the office and staff life of the head office.
China people's bank centralized purchasing center
The centralized procurement center of China People's Bank was established on June 8, 2005. The centralized procurement center is an independent legal entity (bureau level) directly under the head office of the People's Bank of China, and its main responsibility is to undertake the centralized procurement work of the People's Bank of China.
China anti-money laundering monitoring analysis center
China Anti-Money Laundering Monitoring and Analysis Center should continuously improve the monitoring and analysis level of large and suspicious capital flows according to relevant laws and the needs of national anti-money laundering work. The main responsibilities are:
(a) in conjunction with the relevant departments to study and formulate information reporting standards for large and suspicious capital transactions.
(2) To be responsible for collecting, sorting out and keeping information reports on large-sum and suspicious fund transactions.
(three) responsible for the research, analysis and screening of large and suspicious capital transaction reports, and cooperate with the relevant administrative law enforcement departments to investigate.
(four) in accordance with the provisions of the relevant departments to transmit and provide suspicious reports suspected of money laundering crimes and their analysis conclusions.
(five) in accordance with the provisions of the relevant departments to submit large payment information.
(six) to study and analyze the ways, means and development trend of money laundering crimes, and provide the basis for formulating anti-money laundering policies.
(7) To be responsible for studying the business requirements of information management projects for large-sum and suspicious capital transactions, participating in project development, and being responsible for system operation and maintenance.
(eight) according to the authorization, to undertake exchanges and cooperation with foreign financial intelligence agencies, and cooperate with the relevant departments of the People's Bank of China to carry out foreign exchanges in the field of anti-money laundering.
(nine) to undertake other matters authorized or assigned by the People's Bank of China.
China people's bank Zheng Xin center
The Credit Information Center of China People's Bank is a public institution directly under the People's Bank of China. Its main responsibility is to be responsible for the construction, operation and management of the national unified enterprise and individual credit information basic database and movable property financing registration system according to the national laws and regulations and the rules of the People's Bank of China. Responsible for organizing and promoting the construction of a unified credit information platform for the financial industry. The Credit Information Center of the People's Bank of China is guided by the Credit Information Administration.
China Foreign Exchange Trading Center (China Interbank Funding Center)
China Foreign Exchange Trading Center and China Inter-bank Funding Center (hereinafter referred to as the "Trading Center") were established in 1994 and 18, which are institutions directly under the head office of the People's Bank of China. As a concrete organizer and operator of China inter-bank foreign exchange market, money market, bond market and exchange rate and interest rate derivatives market.
China Finance Publishing House
China Financial Publishing House was established in May, 1956, directly under the management of the People's Bank of China, and is a professional publishing house which mainly publishes financial books, periodicals and audio-visual electronic products.
Financial Times
China People's Bank Clearing General Center
The Clearing Center of China People's Bank is an enterprise legal person directly under the People's Bank of China, and it is a financial service institution in China that provides payment, clearing and related services for the central bank, commercial banks and the whole society.
China banknote printing and minting company
China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation is a large-scale enterprise owned by the whole people directly under the People's Bank of China, which is engaged in RMB printing business according to law. Its main business is RMB printing, R&D and manufacturing of RMB-specific technologies and equipment, and at the same time, it continuously expands the related business fields such as R&D and production of bank cards, manufacturing of special machinery for printing and minting money and banking equipment, refining of high-purity gold and silver, special invoices for value-added tax, marketable securities, special bank bills and advanced anti-counterfeiting certificates.
china gold coin incorporation
China Gold Coin Corporation, founded in 1987, is the only industrial company in China directly under the People's Bank of China that deals in precious metal commemorative coins. It performs the selling function of precious metal coins, is an important part and business extension of the central bank's currency issuance function, and is one of the important supporting systems of the central bank's currency issuance.
China Financial Electronics Company
China People's Bank Party School
The Party School of the People's Bank of China is the main channel and position for the rotation training of leading cadres in party member. It is also a melting pot of party spirit exercise and belongs to the branch school of the Central Party School. The Party School of the People's Bank of China is mainly responsible for the bureau level of the head office, the Shanghai headquarters and its directly affiliated enterprises and institutions, the deputy bureau level of branches (including the management department), the deputy governor level of central branches of provincial capitals (including sub-provincial cities) and their reserve cadres, as well as the governors of urban central branches, the head office organs and directly affiliated enterprises and institutions, and the party member cadres at the business management department level of the People's Bank of China. Perform the business guidance duties for the Party School of the Branch. To undertake short-term classes such as training courses for government officials of the head office.
China finance training center
China Financial Training Center is a bureau-level institution directly under the head office of the People's Bank of China, also known as Beijing Training College of the People's Bank of China. According to the overall planning of cadre training of the People's Bank of China, undertake the following tasks:
To undertake the training work within the system of China People's Bank;
Carry out international academic exchange activities on financial training;
Carry out distance education and training;
Organize financial English certificate examination;
Provide training and consulting services for the financial system and society.
the people's bank of china zhengzhou training institute
China Currency Museum
China Coin Museum is a national specialized museum directly under the head office of the People's Bank of China. Mainly engaged in the collection, research and display of coins, shouldering the task of guiding and promoting the collection, research and cultural propaganda of coins. It consists of an office, an exhibition and education department, a collection and storage department, a research and information department, a coin editorial department of China, a security department and a development service department to manage the secretariat of the Chinese Coin Society. China People's Bank Shanghai Headquarters was established in August 2005. As an integral part of the head office, it works under the leadership and authorization of the head office, and mainly undertakes the specific operational responsibilities of some central banking businesses and performs certain management functions. The overall goal of Shanghai headquarters construction can be summarized as "two platforms, one window and one center", that is, to build Shanghai headquarters into a platform for the head office's open market operation, a platform for monitoring the operation of financial markets, an important window for foreign exchanges and a center for some financial services and R&D business.
Main responsibilities:
1. Organize and implement the open market operation of the central bank according to the operational objectives proposed by the Head Office;
2. To undertake the rediscount business of Shanghai commercial banks and bill franchises;
3. Manage the inter-bank market, track the development of financial markets, and study and guide the innovation of financial products;
4, responsible for the evaluation of regional financial stability and external financial security;
5, responsible for the collection, summary and analysis of financial market data;
6. Conduct special research around the operation of monetary policy, the development of financial markets and the construction of financial centers;
7. Responsible for regional financial exchanges and cooperation, and undertake relevant international financial business;
8. To undertake the operation of part of the country's foreign exchange reserves and the management of gold reserves;
9. To undertake the relevant business work of Shanghai People's Bank;
10. The management functions undertaken by the Shanghai Headquarters include the management of the branches of the People's Bank of China under the jurisdiction of the former Shanghai Branch and the management and coordination of some enterprises and institutions of the People's Bank of China in Shanghai. Banking law is the legal basis of banking supervision. The purpose of bank supervision is to ensure the vitality of the banking system and protect the interests of depositors by monitoring the credit and liquidity of banking institutions. In addition, the People's Bank of China plays a particularly important role in China's financial reform.
The People's Bank of China supervises financial institutions by analyzing periodic reports and on-site audits.
Closely related to bank supervision is the supervision of payment system. The central bank has the responsibility to maintain the normal operation of the national payment, clearing and settlement system. The People's Bank of China has always been committed to developing its own payment system and working closely with other banking institutions to make the payment systems operated by these financial institutions more efficient and secure.
The People's Bank of China is improving its ability to closely monitor the daytime positions of banks in the payment system. The People's Bank of China provides payment processing services for banks and settles large and retail payment transactions. More than 2,000 clearing banks in the same city run by the People's Bank of China carry out clearing and settlement of all inter-bank payments in the same city and most intra-bank payments. In the past, inter-bank payment of paper vouchers in different places was first settled through the same city clearing house. China electronic inter-bank system handles inter-bank payment in different places and large-sum payment transactions in different places.
Branches of the People's Bank of China at all levels provide settlement account services for branches of commercial banks at all levels. In addition, it also opens settlement accounts for some government agencies and institutions to provide payment services. For example, the Postal Savings and Remittance Bureau has also opened a settlement account with the People's Bank of China.
The People's Bank of China does not allow overnight overdraft, because most transactions are settled in batches at the end of the day, so the concept of daytime overdraft is not applicable. Except for the electronic interbank system, in this system, there must be enough funds in the account to pay before the payment instruction can be issued.
In addition to the settlement of payment transactions processed through the payment system of the People's Bank of China, the settlement account is also used to settle net positions generated by other payment systems (such as the electronic fund exchange system of the commercial banking system). In China, compared with western industrialized countries, the implementation of monetary policy has some similar characteristics, but there are also many differences. The main differences are:
China's economy is in a transitional period from a centrally planned economy to a market economy. China government still has enough power to directly control economic development to ensure the smooth and orderly reform.
China's financial market has developed rapidly, but compared with western developed countries, the market is still in the primary stage of development. Due to the lack of a financial market with large business volume and strong liquidity, it is difficult to indirectly affect the total amount of money by relying entirely on open market operations.
Because of these differences, monetary policy tools are different from those of western developed countries in many aspects. Allocation of credit scale: The People's Bank of China decided to allocate credit scale by region and industry through its leadership over state-owned commercial banks.
Issuing currency: The exclusive right of the People's Bank of China to issue currency enables it to influence the financial resources and business activities of commercial banks.
Statutory reserve ratio: The People's Bank of China has the right to change the statutory reserve ratio. Starting from 1988, this ratio is 13%.
Setting interest rates: The People's Bank of China has the right to set official interest rates for bank deposits and loans.
Open market operation: by 20 13, the number of government bonds issued is not large enough, and the market liquidity is not large enough, so it is not very effective to rely on open market operation. However, it can be expected that open market operation will play a very important role in the future.
Rediscount: handle rediscount for banking financial institutions that open accounts with the People's Bank of China. Although open market operation has not become an effective means to implement the central bank's monetary policy, with the rapid development of China's financial market, the People's Bank of China is engaged in open market operation to implement its monetary policy.
Since 1996 introduced the interbank lending market, the People's Bank of China has indirectly influenced the interbank lending market interest rate through the central bank's refinancing, rediscount, special deposits and asset-liability ratio management, thus affecting the liquidity of financial institutions. There are seven kinds of interbank borrowing in 20 13, with maturities of 1 day, 7 days, 20 days, 30 days, 60 days, 90 days and 120 days respectively. Since 1994, the open foreign exchange market has been operated, and the central bank buys and sells US dollars, Japanese yen and Hong Kong dollars in this market. Since 1996, the central bank has been operating in the open market. 20 13 the central bank only intervened in the market on Tuesday, and conducted the open market operation of national debt through the repurchase agreement with commercial banks. The fund settlement is conducted through the electronic interbank system of the People's Bank of China, and the T+ 1 settlement system is implemented, that is, the bank's reserve account in the central bank is increased or decreased every Wednesday.