As a fundamental and excellent way to directly improve managers' ability and employees' skills, provide enterprises with new working concepts, knowledge, information and skills, and increase employees' talents, dedication and innovative spirit, enterprise employee training is the most important human resource development and more important human capital investment than physical capital investment. With China's entry into WTO and the integration of the world economy, enterprises have never paid so much attention to training. This paper talks about some personal views on training in order to innovate enterprise training.
First, training-the wings for enterprises to take off
Effective enterprise training is actually a process to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises. In fact, the effect of training does not depend on the individual trainees. On the contrary, the enterprise itself, as an organism, plays a very key role. Good training has four advantages for enterprises:
1. Training can enhance employees' sense of belonging and ownership. For enterprises, the more adequate and attractive employee training is, the more value-added role of human resources can be brought into play, thus creating more benefits for enterprises. According to the data, PepsiCo conducted a survey on 100 of 270 employees in Shenzhen, and almost all of them participated in the training. Among them, 80% employees are satisfied with their jobs, and 87% employees are willing to stay in the company. Training not only improves employees' skills, but also improves employees' understanding of their own values and better understanding of work objectives.
2. Training can promote the two-way communication between enterprises and employees, management and employees, enhance the centripetal force and cohesion of enterprises, and shape excellent corporate culture. Many enterprises adopt their own training and entrusted training. It is easy to integrate training into corporate culture, because corporate culture is the soul of an enterprise and a micro-cultural system that educates all employees on corporate consciousness with values as the core. Enterprise managers and employees will not only consciously learn and master scientific and technological knowledge and skills, but also enhance their sense of ownership, quality and innovation. So as to cultivate everyone's professionalism, innovative spirit and sense of social responsibility, and form a good atmosphere of self-study of scientific and technological knowledge and conscious invention and creation from top to bottom. Enterprise scientific and technological talents will grow sturdily, and their scientific and technological development capabilities will be significantly enhanced.
3, training can improve the overall quality of employees, improve production efficiency and service level, establish a good image of enterprises, and enhance the profitability of enterprises. American authoritative organizations monitor that the return on training investment is generally around 33%. In the analysis of large American manufacturing enterprises, the company's return from training can reach about 20%-30%. Motorola provides at least 40 hours of training for all employees every year. The survey shows that for every $65,438 +0 training fee, Motorola can achieve a production benefit of $40 in three years. Motorola believes that high-quality employees have created $4 billion in wealth for the company through technological innovation and economic operation. Motorola's huge training income shows the importance of training investment to enterprises.
4, adapt to market changes, enhance competitive advantage, cultivate enterprise reserve force, and maintain the vitality of enterprise sustainable operation. Enterprise competition is talent competition in the final analysis. Wise entrepreneurs are increasingly aware that training is a "people-oriented investment" that can not be ignored in the development of enterprises, and it is the fundamental way to improve the "hematopoietic function" of enterprises. According to a research data in the United States, the best investment ratio of enterprise technological innovation is 5: 5, that is, "people-oriented investment" and hardware investment each account for 50%. People-oriented soft technology input, after acting on the hard technology input of mechanical equipment, the output benefit doubles. Under the same equipment conditions, the input-output ratio of 1 and 8 can be achieved by increasing the input of "people-oriented". In promoting technological innovation, developed countries not only pay attention to the hardware input of introducing, upgrading and transforming mechanical equipment, but also pay more attention to the soft technology input with the main goal of improving people's quality. Facts have proved that talents are the first resource of enterprises. Only with first-class talents can we develop first-class products and create first-class achievements, and enterprises can be in an invincible position in the market competition.
Principles of training and development
In order to ensure that the direction of training and development does not deviate from the organization's predetermined goals &; Enterprises must formulate basic principles and take them as guidance. Specifically includes the following aspects:
1. Strategic principles
Enterprises must put the training and development of employees at a strategic height. Some employees' training can be immediate and quickly reflected in their work performance; Some may have obvious effects after several years, especially for the training of managers. Therefore, many enterprises regard training as a "loss-making" business with only input but no output, and often only pay attention to the immediate interests and arrange "idle people" to participate in training, while those who really need training can't get out because of heavy work tasks. As a result, there has been a situation that "training professionals" can't use it or can't use it at all, making training really a "loss-making" business with only input and no output. Therefore &; Enterprises must establish strategic concepts &; Make a training plan according to the development goals and strategies of the enterprise, so that training and development can be closely combined with the long-term development of the enterprise.
2. The principle of integrating theory with practice and applying what you have learned.
Staff training should be clearly targeted and proceed from the needs of practical work &; Closely combine the post characteristics with the age, knowledge structure, ability structure and ideological status of the trainees. The purpose is to make employees master the necessary skills to complete the required work through training, and ultimately serve to improve the economic benefits of enterprises. Only in this way can training be effective and work efficiency be improved.
3. The principle of giving consideration to knowledge and skills training and corporate culture training.
The content of training and development should include not only the training content of cultural knowledge, professional knowledge and professional skills, but also the training content of ideals, beliefs, values and moral norms. The latter should be combined with enterprise goals, enterprise culture, enterprise system and enterprise fine traditions, so that employees can meet the requirements of enterprises in all aspects.
4. The principle of combining full staff training with key promotion.
All-staff training is to train all employees in a planned and step-by-step manner, which is the only way to improve the quality of all employees. In order to improve the return on investment in training, training must focus on management and technical backbones, especially middle and senior managers who have great influence on the rise and fall of enterprises and echelon personnel with promising training prospects, and should be cultivated and developed in a planned way.
5. Feedback reinforcement principle of training effect
The feedback and reinforcement of training effect is an indispensable and important link. The feedback of training effect refers to the inspection of employees after training. Its function is to consolidate employees' learning skills and correct mistakes and deviations in time. The more timely and accurate the feedback information &; The better the training effect. Reinforcement refers to the reward or punishment for trainees due to feedback. On the one hand, its purpose is to reward those who have received training and made achievements, on the other hand, it is to strengthen the training awareness of other employees and further strengthen the training effect.
The purpose of employee training
The purpose of staff training is as follows:
(1) Reduce the staff turnover rate. We have introduced the principle of "232". The better you train, the more willing he is to stay in your enterprise.
(2) Let employees adapt to work, which can reduce mistakes and save time. Tell him what he needs to do and the rules and regulations, so that he can make fewer mistakes, save time and improve the efficiency of the company accordingly.
(3) indicate the individual's clear position and organizational expectations. Tell him where he is, what he does and what you want him to do.
(4) Help new employees to be competent for their jobs more quickly.
(5) Enhance the stability of enterprises. In fact, in other words, it is to reduce the wastage rate.
(6) Reduce employee complaints. No one will complain when employees come in. A good training will reduce employees' anxiety and complaints and make them really concentrate on their work.
(7) The most important purpose is to integrate him into the corporate culture. To use Lenovo's words, we call it "entering the model", that is, no matter what his background, history or company he comes from, we will strengthen his training, so that he can quickly adapt to the company's organizational culture and everyone speaks with the same voice. In fact, this is the most important purpose of induction training for new employees.
Effectiveness standard of employee training
What is the effect of the training? Simply put, it refers to the benefits that companies and employees get from training. For employees, welfare means learning new knowledge or skills; For the company, the benefits include the improvement of customer satisfaction, the increase of market share, and ultimately the increase of enterprise benefits. The effectiveness of training is often reflected by the training results, which refer to the standards used to evaluate training, and these standards have become the standards of training effectiveness. Generally speaking, the standard of training effect is often manifested in the following aspects.
1. The growth of employee knowledge.
Through training, employees have the basic knowledge necessary to complete their jobs, and can well understand the basic situation of enterprise management, such as development prospects, strategic objectives, business policies, rules and regulations, etc.
2. The improvement of employees' skills.
After training, employees have completed the skills necessary for their jobs, such as negotiation skills, operational skills, interpersonal skills and so on.
3. The change of employees' attitude.
Through training, the relationship of mutual trust between enterprises and employees has been established, the professionalism of employees has been enhanced, and the teamwork spirit of employees has been cultivated. At the same time, it also increases the initiative of employees to adapt to and integrate into corporate culture.
4. Changes in employee behavior.
The improvement of employees' knowledge and skills and the positive change of work attitude are mainly reflected in the action of applying new knowledge and skills to practice and solving difficulties and problems encountered in previous work after employees return to work; Change the original work attitude, enhance the sense of responsibility and teamwork spirit of enterprises, and actively contribute to the development of enterprises.
5. The increase of enterprise benefits.
Employees will apply the training results to their work in time, improve the quality of products and services of enterprises, reduce the production costs of enterprises, and ultimately improve customer satisfaction and increase enterprise benefits.
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