Cerebrospinal fluid examination: the appearance is slightly mixed, with protein 1.0g/L, glucose 1.7mmol/L, chloride 8 1mmol/L, leukocytes 35× 106/L, and the cerebrospinal fluid is allowed to stand 12h to form a membrane.

Refer to the laboratory report to make a preliminary clinical diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis.

2. Brief medical history The patient was 7 years old and had acute fever and headache for 3 days.

Cerebrospinal fluid examination: the appearance is slightly mixed, with protein 1.7g/L, glucose 0.8mmol/L, chloride 95mmol/L, white blood cells 98× 106/L, and polymorphonuclear cells accounting for 80%. After standing for 2 hours, clots appear in cerebrospinal fluid.

According to the laboratory report, a preliminary clinical diagnosis of purulent meningitis was made.

3. Brief history of the patient: a 28-year-old male with low fever and left chest pain for half a month.

Test report of pleural effusion: grass yellow, specific gravity 1.020, protein quantitative 35g/L, nucleated cell count 1200 × 106/L, and polymorphonuclear cells accounted for 80%.

Refer to the laboratory report to make a preliminary clinical diagnosis of exudation caused by bacterial infection or other diseases.

4. The patient's brief history, female, 47 years old, suffered from hepatitis B ten years ago, and was diagnosed as splenomegaly ascites by physical examination.

Examination of ascites in laboratory report: the appearance is yellowish and transparent, the specific gravity is 1.0 10, the protein content is 10g/L, the number of nucleated cells is 20× 106/L, and single nucleated cells account for 70%.

Refer to the laboratory report to make a preliminary clinical diagnosis of leakage caused by liver cirrhosis.

5. Patient profile: A 32-year-old female was diagnosed with edema and low back pain one week after catching a cold.

Routine urine examination of laboratory sheet: urine protein "++",urine sugar "-",red blood cells 3~5/ high magnification, white blood cells 3~5/ high magnification, and 24-hour urine protein quantitative 5g. Plasma albumin was 22.6 g/L.

Make a preliminary clinical diagnosis with reference to the laboratory report. Nephrotic syndrome originated from Kaul. com。

6. A brief history of the patient, a 45-year-old male, was treated for dizziness, fatigue, low back pain and edema for more than 1 year. Check BP 160/ 100mmHg.

Routine urine examination: specific gravity 1.0 10, protein "+",red blood cell 15~20/ high magnification, white blood cell 1~2/ high magnification, granular cast 1~2/ high.

Refer to the laboratory report, make a preliminary clinical diagnosis of chronic glomerulonephritis.

7. Patient profile, male, 60 years old, found abnormal urine routine during physical examination.

The test report shows that the urine specific gravity is 1.030, the urine protein is "-"and the urine sugar is "++". Plasma biochemical examination: fasting blood glucose 7.8mmol/L, postprandial blood glucose 2 hours12.3 mmol/L.

Refer to the laboratory report to make a preliminary clinical diagnosis of diabetes.

8. The patient's brief medical history, female, age 16, was diagnosed with a cold and abnormal urine routine.

Routine urine examination: specific gravity 1.025, urine protein "-",urine sugar "++". Fasting blood glucose is 4.6mmol/L, and urine sugar is "-". Two hours after meal, the blood sugar was 7.24mmol/L and the urine sugar was "++".

Refer to the laboratory report, make a preliminary clinical diagnosis of renal glycosuria.

9. The patient was a 56-year-old male who was treated for nausea, vomiting, drowsiness and deep breathing.

Routine urine examination: specific gravity 1.030, urine protein++urine sugar++ketone body++red blood cells 5~7/ high magnification, white blood cells 2~3/ high magnification, granular cast 1~3/ high magnification.

Refer to the laboratory report, make a preliminary clinical diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis.

10. A 68-year-old male patient suffered from duodenal ulcer. He went to kao 120.com to see frequent vomiting and dyspnea after meals.

Blood gas and electrolyte examination: pH 7.55, PaCO2 57mmHg, PaO2 63.9 mmHg, HCO3ˉ52.6mmol/L, Na+ 14 1 mmol/L, K+ 2.5mmol/L, Cl ˉ 72mmol/L..

Refer to the laboratory report to make a preliminary clinical diagnosis of metabolic alkalosis (low potassium and low chlorine)