What is Outward Bound?

Outward bound training refers to a kind of field survival training for people who have lived in cities for a long time through professional institutions. Outward bound training usually uses natural environment such as mountains and rivers to achieve the training purpose of "tempering will, cultivating sentiment, perfecting personality and melting team" through carefully designed activities.

Outward bound training originated from World War II. After World War II, a kind of training called outdoor development appeared in Britain. 1990 Outward Bound Training, as an Outward Bound Training, has risen all over the world. China also developed in succession in 1992.

(1) What extended reading does the extended course include:

Characteristics of outward bound training:

1, investment priority: students are required to fully invest in order to get the maximum value.

2. Challenge yourself: It is difficult to expand the training program, which is manifested in the test of psychological quality, requiring students to challenge their own ability limits and cross the "psychological limit".

3. Smelting team: experience the great strength of the team, enhance the sense of responsibility and participation of team members, and establish the team spirit and group cooperation consciousness of mutual cooperation and support.

4. Peak experience: After overcoming difficulties and successfully completing the requirements of the training program. /5. Self-education: The trainer will only explain the content, purpose, requirements and necessary safety precautions of the course to the trainees before the training.

The courses of outward bound training are mainly composed of sea, land and air courses. Water courses include: swimming, diving, rafting and boating; Field courses include: hiking and camping, mountain climbing, field orientation, paragliding, field survival skills, etc. The venue course is to use various training facilities such as overhead rope nets to carry out various team combination courses and psychological training activities such as rock climbing and jumping in special training grounds.

The value of expanding training: good team spirit and positive attitude towards life are the basic qualities that modern people should have, and they are also the two core connotations of modern people's personality traits. In modern society, only under the control of this personality power can human wisdom and skills shine brilliantly, and outward bound training comes into being. The outdoor training method of cultivating people by using outdoor natural environment originated from the sea survival training during World War II, and gradually evolved into the outdoor training method of modern society after the war.

What are the three main types of outward bound training courses?

Outward Bound originated in World War II. Many ships in the Atlantic were attacked and sank, and a large number of crew members fell into the water. Because the sea was cold and far away from the mainland, most of the crew were killed unfortunately, but after a long ordeal, few people survived. When people understand the situation of these survivors, they find a surprising fact: these survivors are not all strong boys, but most of them are old and weak people aged about 40-55. After investigation and study, experts found the answer: the key to these people's survival is that they not only have good psychological quality, but also have a considerable sense of responsibility and years of practical experience. When the disaster comes, they have a strong desire to survive. Later, German Kurt Hann suggested that young seafarers should be allowed to take advantage of some natural conditions and artificial facilities to engage in some psychologically challenging activities and projects to train and improve their psychological quality. Later, his good friend Lawrence founded an Adebayor Weihai Outward Bound Training School at 1942, targeting young seafarers. This is the prototype of the earliest outward bound training. Outward bound training usually uses natural environment such as mountains and rivers to achieve the training purpose of "tempering will, cultivating sentiment, perfecting personality and melting team" through carefully designed activities. Outward bound training courses are mainly composed of water, field and field training courses. Water outward bound training courses include: swimming, diving, rafting, boating, etc. Outward bound training courses include hiking and camping, mountain climbing, outdoor orienteering, paragliding, outdoor survival skills, etc. Outdoor Outward Bound Training Course is a team combination course and psychological outward bound training activity in a special training ground by using various outward bound training facilities such as overhead rope nets. Outward bound training usually has the following four links: 1, team warm-up. At the beginning of outward bound training, team warm-up activities are helpful to deepen students' mutual understanding, eliminate tension and build a team so as to participate in various training activities easily and happily. 2. Personal projects. Based on the principle of maximum psychological challenge and minimum physical risk, every activity is a great test of the trainees' psychological endurance. 3. Team project. The goal of team project is to improve students' cooperative consciousness and team spirit through complex and arduous activities, and promote mutual trust, understanding, tacit understanding and cooperation among students. And problems in communication. 4. Review and summarize. Review will help students digest, sort out and improve the experience in training, so as to achieve the specific purpose of the activity. Summary, so that students can transfer their training gains to their work, so as to achieve the overall training objectives.

What is a career development course?

1, professional development courses:

The career development course is "employment-oriented", which aims to enhance students' professional ability and broaden their professional knowledge according to the needs of employers. Taking mechanical specialty as an example, this paper expounds the principles, contents and teaching of professional development courses, and provides experience for professional development courses in higher vocational colleges.

2, professional development course purpose:

Career development course is a course that accords with the characteristics of occupation and industry, which is "zero distance" between higher vocational students and enterprise employment, improves students' comprehensive professional quality and broadens their horizons.

Curriculum development refers to curriculum development activities aimed at broadening the scope of curriculum. The goal of curriculum development materials is to broaden the formal curriculum and provide students with opportunities to acquire knowledge, internalize values and master skills. These things are related to the theme of the courses students study, but they are beyond the breadth and depth covered by the regular courses.

According to different goals, curriculum development can be divided into two types: expanding regular courses and personalized development. The extended formal course is mainly for all students. Personalized development is not aimed at all students, but at a few students who are selected from classes and schools and have high talent or expertise in a certain subject or skill.

(3) What extended reading courses include:

The development of curriculum development

Curriculum development is generally carried out in broadening the depth and breadth of curriculum content. The scope of curriculum development includes overall development curriculum and theme development curriculum. The former means that the content involved in the whole course needs to be expanded, while the latter means expanding the content of some topics in a certain course.

As far as the service object of curriculum development is concerned, it can be divided into curriculum development for all and personalized development curriculum. The so-called curriculum development for all refers to expanding the curriculum to serve all students (the whole class or grade), and the so-called personalized development curriculum refers to the curriculum developed by teachers for some students who are interested in a certain aspect and have special skills.

Teachers and students must first complete the basic contents of the national curriculum regulations, whether for the whole or individual curriculum development. In the course of curriculum development, we should also consider the importance of the proposed curriculum content and its appropriateness to students.

Network course development

What is school-based curriculum development?

School-based curriculum development includes curriculum selection, curriculum adaptation, curriculum integration, curriculum addition, curriculum development and curriculum revision. The details are as follows:

1. Curriculum selection: Curriculum selection is the most common activity in school-based curriculum development, which refers to the process of deciding the curriculum plan to be implemented by the school from many possible curriculum projects.

2. Curriculum adaptation: Curriculum adaptation refers to the curriculum modification of groups different from the original curriculum preparation objects.

3. Curriculum integration: Curriculum integration refers to the curriculum development activities that transcend different knowledge systems and arrange learning by paying attention to the same elements.

4. Additional courses: Additional courses refer to the course material development activities aimed at improving the teaching effect of national courses.

5. Curriculum development: Curriculum development refers to curriculum development activities aimed at broadening the scope of the curriculum.

6. New Curriculum Compilation: New Curriculum Compilation refers to the development of brand-new curriculum units. For example, "characteristic courses" that highlight the characteristics of schools, local characteristic courses, which we call "local textbooks", and current affairs characteristic courses can all be classified into this category.

According to the basic requirements of basic education curriculum reform, it is worth encouraging to promote school-based curriculum construction based on the reality of our school, but we should scientifically improve the curriculum structure, standardize and orderly develop relevant school-based textbooks, and strive to build a school-based curriculum system with school characteristics.

What are the types of outreach courses?

There are high altitudes, venues, venues, water and so on.

What expansion courses can be offered in grade 6 12?

1. special education: the school sets up teaching subjects with special education content according to national requirements. Such as fire safety education, environment and health education, national defense education, legal education, traffic safety education, health education and so on.

2. Comprehensive practical activities: mainly including campus cultural activities, self-help and public welfare labor, social investigation, social service, Young Pioneers and other activities.

3. Physical exercise: PE teachers and class teachers lead students to carry out sunshine sports activities.

4. Sunshine moral education: the education of behavioral norms-the education of developing living habits, learning habits and civilized habits; Civilized etiquette education-flag-raising etiquette, dress and walking etiquette, address and greeting etiquette, table and hospitality etiquette, respect for teachers and filial piety etiquette, public etiquette, etc.

5. Sunshine reading: the class teacher and Chinese teacher lead the class students to read in the morning, think in the afternoon, recite in the evening and other related classic reading activities, as well as the reading activities that lead the students into the school reading room and library.

6. Interest groups: offer dance, sketch, calligraphy, model airplane, robot, English corner, football, track and field, handicrafts, knitting and other courses.

What expansion courses can be carried out in primary school Chinese?

First of all, the course is divided into several parts for extended reading.

Because the teaching time of Chinese in primary schools is limited, extensive reading should be classified according to the actual time in class. The purpose of extended reading before class is mainly to stimulate the enthusiasm and interest of primary school students. For example, if the content of the course is about tadpoles looking for their mothers, students can be assigned tasks at the end of the last class and asked to recall their attachment to their mothers in daily life. It is hoped that students will prepare a short story related to finding their mother before the next class, and preview their reading with reference to the textbook, so as to encourage students to communicate with their parents after class, and let their mothers give lectures to students to help primary school students preview and understand reading.

Expanding reading before class can effectively stimulate primary school students' interest in learning and lay an effective foundation for formal classroom learning. In the actual reading process, students often encounter problems that are difficult to solve in classroom extended reading. At this time, teachers should regard primary school students as the main body of learning and education, and their identity should be transformed into an effective guide to answer questions and guide students to study and explore independently.

The ultimate goal of Chinese is to apply it to social life. Chinese education is inseparable from the effective use of social practice and life practice. In the teaching process, teachers should consciously mobilize students' enthusiasm, effectively use all kinds of resources inside and outside the classroom, and extend the tentacles of Chinese to all aspects outside the classroom.

Second, expanding reading should follow the principles of moderation and timeliness.

Extended reading and Chinese classroom teaching complement and promote each other, but they cannot replace each other. In the process of extracurricular reading, we must expand according to the principle of moderation and moderation, and effective extracurricular reading should promote each other with the teaching content in the classroom.

Teachers should expand teaching in the process of expanding in and out of class and use it to stimulate primary school students' interest in learning. In the process of expanding application, we should be able to break through the original limitations of textbooks and innovate as much as possible in improving reading ability and effectively surpassing learning ability.

Modern multimedia teaching technology and picture books and reading materials inside and outside the classroom are very rich, so in the process of expanding and utilizing curriculum resources, we should skillfully use the expanded resources to carry out reading teaching inside and outside the classroom. Teachers should let students experience more vivid and broad civilization in the actual teaching process, and through repeated exchanges and collisions, the splendid culture of the motherland will be deeply imprinted in the hearts of primary school students.

Third, various forms of extracurricular activities.

The new syllabus and curriculum standards point out that it is a basic quality of people to like reading and feel the pleasure of reading, and it is also one of the main tasks of Chinese teaching in primary schools. It is not enough to learn Chinese and experience the beauty of reading only by limited reading and classroom content in class, but to expand reading through colorful and open extracurricular activities, and to better carry out Chinese education in the form of reading guidance and openness.

In the actual learning process, we can make use of reading reports, introducing good books, exchanging ideas, story meetings, and interaction among students to continuously cultivate the comprehensive interest of primary school students in extracurricular reading and develop their memory and oral expression ability. For example, in the teaching process, reading competitions among groups can be carried out, so that primary school students can choose specific reading materials themselves. Teachers can provide students with the scope of reading books, and then let students read independently and have a story-telling competition and experience exchange, and judge the best reading group through the competition and give appropriate rewards.

In the process of expanding reading after class, we should pay attention to the hierarchy of reading content. Because primary school students have certain individual differences in intelligence development level, family status, reading foundation and so on. Teachers should not only encourage students to study actively, but also encourage students to study individually in the actual reading process. Every pupil's reading focus and interest are different, so teachers should pay attention to the individual differences of pupils and meet the diverse needs of pupils of different ages and interests.

In the actual process of extracurricular reading, teachers should pay attention to the teaching and accumulation of some famous aphorisms and good sentences, encourage students to sum up their reading emotions after reading, expand extracurricular activities through colorful entertainment activities such as keeping diaries and making up fairy tales, and continuously improve primary school students' learning interest and thinking ability. This kind of flexible learning for stratified education meets the requirements of the new syllabus. In the process of extracurricular reading, we should effectively combine the advanced teaching concept of hierarchical education to carry out educational behavior, provide extracurricular differential counseling for students with obvious personalized differences through the completion of different content assignments, and pay attention to arranging different levels of homework for students with different levels.

What courses are there for children's outward bound training?

Children's outward bound training is also called children's physical training. The equipment mainly includes children's climbing wall, walking pole, zip line, tire bridge, plum blossom pile, forward, roller, swing board and other training equipment. Bright and interesting, children's outward bound physical training is still popular abroad. Mainly because foreigners' educational ideas are very different from those of China's parents. Outward bound training can cultivate children's courage, enhance their collective cooperation ability, help children develop their brains while training, and let children have a simple concept of social attributes. The essence of children's development is to explore the unknown, experience * * *, seek happiness and challenge themselves, which is suitable for people of most ages from children to adults.

What expansion courses can be offered at 9 12 level?

1. special education: the school sets up teaching subjects with special education content according to national requirements. Such as fire safety education, environment and health education, national defense education, legal education, traffic safety education, health education and so on.

2. Comprehensive practical activities: mainly including campus cultural activities, self-help and public welfare labor, social investigation, social service, Young Pioneers and other activities.

3. Physical exercise: PE teachers and class teachers lead students to carry out sunshine sports activities.

4. Sunshine moral education: the education of behavioral norms-the education of developing living habits, learning habits and civilized habits; Civilized etiquette education-flag-raising etiquette, dress and walking etiquette, address and greeting etiquette, table and hospitality etiquette, respect for teachers and filial piety etiquette, public etiquette, etc.

5. Sunshine reading: the class teacher and Chinese teacher lead the class students to read in the morning, think in the afternoon, recite in the evening and other related classic reading activities, as well as the reading activities that lead the students into the school reading room and library.

6. Interest groups: offer dance, sketch, calligraphy, model airplane, robot, English corner, football, track and field, handicrafts, knitting and other courses.