From the design of construction layout to the entry of personnel, materials and equipment, a reasonable layout is the key to the smooth, effective and safe implementation of a project. Reasonable application of 6S theory will get twice the result with half the effort: 6S theory refers to effective management of personnel, mechanical equipment, materials, methods and environment in the production site, thus improving work efficiency. "6S" includes six aspects: sorting, rectifying, sweeping, cleaning, literacy and safety, and its contents are as follows:
(1) sorting (SEIRI)
Divide things in the workplace into necessary and unnecessary, keep the necessary and get rid of the unnecessary. Objective: Make room for flexible use, prevent misuse or confusion, affect construction efficiency, and create a clean and tidy working environment.
② Seton.
Put the required items in the designated position and mark them. Objective: The workplace should be clear at a glance, which can save the time of searching for articles, tidy up the workspace, eliminate excessive backlog of articles and avoid confusion in use.
③ cleaning
Clean up the visible and invisible places in the workplace and keep the workplace clean and beautiful. Objective: To stabilize quality and reduce construction injuries.
④ SEIKETSU
Always keep the environment in a beautiful state. Objective: To create a clear scene and keep the above 3S achievements.
(5) Literacy
Every construction worker should form good habits, abide by rules and regulations, cultivate a proactive spirit (habit), consciously abide by them and supervise each other. Objective: To cultivate employees with good habits and rules, and create team spirit.
⑥ Safety.
Pay attention to the safety education of construction personnel, always have the concept of safety first, and nip in the bud. Objective: to establish a safe production environment, and all work is based on safety.
Second, according to the definition of modern industrial engineering
Industrial engineering is a method and technology to ensure and realize the efficient operation of the system by studying the effective combination, rational allocation and continuous improvement of personnel, materials, equipment, energy and information in the system. Its basic principle is to use system analysis and system design to improve, transform, reorganize and design all elements, so as to gradually approach the optimal configuration of the system and maximize the system function.
The establishment, construction and final use of an engineering project involve many enterprises such as survey, design, supervision and construction. From design, construction to completion acceptance, the management of project elements is mainly reflected in:
(1) Optimize the configuration of various construction elements, that is, equip and put construction elements in a timely, appropriate amount, appropriate proportion and appropriate position to meet the construction needs;
(2) Optimize the combination of construction elements, that is, properly match the various elements to be put into construction projects, rationally arrange the construction process, and give play to the role of economic coordination;
③ Dynamic management of production factors is the means and guarantee for optimizing allocation and combination. The basic content of dynamic management is to organize, plan, coordinate and control various input elements effectively according to the internal laws of the project, so that they can flow reasonably in the project and seek balance in the dynamic process;
④ Utilize resources reasonably and efficiently, improve the comprehensive benefit of project management, and achieve the goal of overall project optimization.
The specific method is as follows:
1, ECRS analysis method
ECRS analysis specifically refers to Elibinate, combination, rearrangement and simplification.
① "Cancel" all unnecessary work links and contents.
If it is necessary to cancel the work, it is natural not to spend time studying how to improve it. First of all, consider whether it can be cancelled. This is the highest principle to improve working procedures and improve work efficiency.
② "merge" the necessary processes.
It is necessary to study whether the processes that cannot be cancelled can be merged, and if they can be merged, it can increase the efficiency of machinery and personnel.
③ Procedures required for "rearrangement"
If necessary, reasonably rearrange the construction procedures and steps to make the work more efficient and orderly.
④ Simplify the required work links.
The improvement of construction procedures can also be simplified, that is, the simplification of work content and processing links themselves.
2, total quality management
There are five main factors that affect the construction quality: "man, machine, material, law and environment". In the process of construction, these factors are comprehensively considered, and methods such as causal analysis diagram are used to find mistakes and shortcomings in customer service, learn lessons and improve quality.
The quality assurance of PDCA cycle construction should be based on the quality plan and process management and control through planning, implementation, inspection and treatment according to the principle of PDCA cycle. Dynamic management and timely feedback of the information on the operation status and results of the quality assurance system to ensure the effective operation of the whole project quality system.
(1) Plan
It is the primary link of project quality management. Through it, we can determine the principles and objectives of quality management, as well as the measures and schemes of realization principle and objectives, and lock the plans and objectives. According to the locking of plans and targets, the analysis of influencing factors and the understanding of possible problems and common faults, the expected quality standards are put forward. The quality assurance plan is a concrete measure plan to achieve the quality objectives of the project, which should be realized technically and technologically.
② implement (Do)
It includes two links, namely, the disclosure of the planned action plan and the technical activities of construction operation in accordance with the methods and requirements stipulated in the plan. It is the key to do a good job in quality control and ensure the implementation of quality plan to do a good job in on-the-job training and related learning of various disclosure machines.
③ Inspection (inspection)
Implement dynamic control in the process of project implementation, check the implementation and effect against the plan, and find the deviations and problems in the implementation of the plan in time.
④ Action (action)
On the basis of inspection, the successful experience will be affirmed, and standards will be formed, so that in the future construction, measures can be taken for the lack of customer service, lessons can be learned, and the same mistakes can be avoided, and outstanding problems will be left to the next cycle.
In a word, according to PDCA cycle, the quality of construction work is gradually improved. In this way, in the process of project construction, it is necessary to adhere to the scientific management method of IE, so that all elements can be reasonably combined and optimized, so as to achieve the lowest cost and the best quality, so as to achieve the goal of optimal project. In view of the diversity, complexity and space limitation of IE theory, this paper only discusses the site layout and element optimization, hoping to help colleagues who are now engaged in project construction management.