The basic requirement of training observation points is that the observation points should be buried in the position that can best reflect the settlement characteristics and is convenient for observation.

In order to accurately reflect the settlement of buildings (structures), settlement observation points should be buried in the position that can best reflect the settlement characteristics and is convenient for observation. Generally, it is required that the settlement observation points set on the building should be vertically and horizontally symmetrical, and the spacing between adjacent points is15-30m, which are evenly distributed around the building.

Usually there are special settlement observation points on architectural design drawings. In addition, the buried settlement observation points should meet the observation requirements of each construction stage, especially considering whether the observation points will be destroyed or covered up due to the wall or column facing construction, and the observation significance will be lost due to continuous observation. Different buildings (structures) should also choose different settlement observation signs according to different walls or finishes.

Specific test procedures and steps:

According to the characteristics of engineering plane layout and site environmental conditions, the survey scheme is formulated, and the leveling control points (or urban precision traverse points) provided by the construction unit establish the leveling control network according to the requirements of engineering survey scheme and the principle of network layout. Requirements: Generally, more than three leveling points should be laid around high-rise buildings, and the spacing should not be greater than 100 m; At least two leveling points can be seen from the back of the instrument erected anywhere in the field, and each leveling point in the field forms a closed figure for closed calibration.

Each bench mark should be located outside the scope of building excavation, ground subsidence and vibration zone, and the buried depth of bench mark should meet the requirements of second-class level (greater than 1.5m). According to the engineering characteristics, a reasonable leveling control network should be established, and the elevation of each leveling point should be measured together with the reference point, and the adjustment calculation should be carried out.