Question 2: What is a cable wind rope? Definition and usage Cable wind rope is a twisted steel wire rope for clamping cable. Its purpose is to prevent the cable span from being too large and damaging the cable. Especially in telecommunication cable, because the signal wire in telecommunication cable is relatively thin, it can't withstand long-term tension, so it is necessary to hang the cable wind rope to reduce the tensile capacity of the cable.
Question 3: How to set the cable wind rope reasonably when the tower crane is 30 meters high? When removing the cable wind rope?
Question 4: What are the fixing requirements and stress calculation methods of cable wind rope and ground anchor? Installation requirements of cable wind rope: 1. The diameter of the cable wind rope is not less than 9.3 mm; After calculation; According to the requirements of the specification, when steel wire rope is used as cable wind rope, its safety factor is 3.5. 2. The aerial material hoist shall not use cable wind rope under any circumstances. 3. When the hoist height is 20 meters or more, the cable wind rope should be no less than 1 group (4~8); When the hoist height is 20 ~ 30m, there should be no less than 2 groups. 4. The cable wind rope should be symmetrically arranged on the same horizontal plane, and there are horizontal openings at the four corners of the frame body. 5. One end of the cable wind rope should be fixed on the frame, and the weld and accessories of the fixed part of the frame must be designed and calculated. 6. The other end of the cable wind rope should be fixed on the ground anchor, and it is not allowed to be tied to trees, walls, door window frames or scaffolding at will.
Question 5: How high is the tower? During the construction, it is necessary to add wind rope. Requirements for setting wind rope: 1. The number of wind ropes at the top of vertical single mast should be 6-8, and the mast hoisted obliquely should be equipped with wind ropes on the rear main cable, and the number of wind ropes on the rear main cable should not be less than 2.
2. The included angle between the cable wind rope and the ground shall be 30, and the maximum angle shall not exceed 45.
Question 6: Our derrick was set up during the floor construction, and it was tied with a cable wind rope! Now the floor is built up. At this time, the cable wind rope passes through the floor derrick, which is only applicable to multi-storey houses without tower cranes. There have been cases in which cables and wind ropes were poured into concrete floors and cut off after completion. But it is impossible to set cable wind ropes on each floor. It is not a derrick that rises from one floor to another!
Question 7: What is a vertical transportation machine? Tower crane, derrick, portal building, elevator, truck crane, etc. . .
It is electric. . . . . .
Question 8: I want a tower crane construction plan and a special construction plan for tower crane safety.
Safety technology of disassembly and assembly of tower crane
I. Technical inspection before disassembly and assembly
Before disassembly and assembly, a comprehensive inspection shall be conducted to prevent any hidden danger caused by negligence and ensure safe operation.
1, check whether the subgrade and concrete fixed foundation meet the technical requirements.
2. Carefully check the mechanism, components, structural welds, bolts, shafts, hoisting mechanisms, wire ropes, hooks, spreaders, electrical equipment and lines of the tower crane, and solve the problems immediately when found.
3. Check the hydraulic cylinder and tubing of jack-up hydraulic system, jack-up jacket structure, guide wheels, lifting shoes and climbing claws, and handle the problems in time when found.
4. Check the main and auxiliary ground anchors, lifting wire rope of landing tower, braking system of lifting mechanism, etc. The rotating tower body method is adopted for disassembly and assembly, and it can be used only after it is confirmed.
5, tools, seat belts, helmets, etc. Those used by dismantlers should be thoroughly inspected, and those unqualified should be replaced immediately.
6, check the auxiliary machinery in the demolition work, such as cranes, transport vehicles, etc. Must have good performance, technical requirements can ensure the need of disassembly.
7. Check the relevant conditions of the demolition site, such as whether the power supply, transportation road and work site are ready for demolition.
8. The setting of safety supervision posts and the implementation of safety measures meet the requirements.
2. Safety technology in disassembly and assembly operations
1, the disassembly and assembly of tower crane must be carried out during the day. If you need to speed up the progress, you can do some assembly work at night with good lighting conditions, not in strong winds, dense fog, rain and snow.
2. During installation or disassembly, the site must be kept clean and orderly, and sundries shall not be piled up, so as not to interfere with operation and affect safety. Wood square must be placed under the metal structure of tower crane to prevent damage to the structure or structural deformation.
3, installation and erection of steel wire rope and its fixation must conform to the standards and meet the installation requirements. Temporary facilities such as ground anchors must be firmly constructed, especially before disassembly. The ground anchors used during installation must be carefully checked to ensure that they are still solid and reliable.
4. Before assembling or installing the parts one by one, the integrity, connection, wire rope threading and electrical circuit of the parts must be thoroughly inspected.
5. In the erection process, the stress on the structure and steel wire rope is the most unfavorable in the initial stage of tower erection, and decreases gradually with tower erection. In the process of dismantling the tower, the stress is the greatest when the tower is about to lie down completely. Therefore, when the tower starts to lift or is about to fall, it must be done slowly, and the inspection and observation of the main components should be strengthened.
6. Always keep the crane balanced when removing the jib and counterweight. It is forbidden to remove only one arm and interrupt the operation.
7. In the process of disassembly, if it is impossible to continue the operation due to sudden power failure, mechanical failure, sudden weather change and other reasons. Or when the operation time has come to a stop, the components installed and disassembled by the crane must reach a stable state and have been locked firmly, all structural components have been firmly connected, and the center of gravity of the tower top is at the center of the four sides of the tower bottom support. Only after inspection and confirmation can the operation be stopped.
8. During installation, the specified bolts, pins and other connectors shall be used according to the installation requirements, and reliable locking or protection devices shall be provided. When tightening bolts, the specified pre-tightening force should be added. Wire rope installation should strictly implement GB 5972-86 "Operating Rules for Inspection and Scrapping of Wire Ropes for Hoisting Machinery".
9. When installing the crane, the traveling limit device of the cart and the buffer of the limit device must be installed firmly and reliably. And assemble all parts of railings, platforms, chains, handrails, fixers and other safety protection devices.
10. When disassembling a crane that cannot be disassembled by normal methods due to damage, there must be a disassembly plan approved by the technical safety department to ensure safety.
1 1, installation procedures, auxiliary equipment, rigging, tools and ground anchor construction, etc. , should be handled in accordance with the provisions of the machine manual or refer to the standard installation process.
Safety technology of three-jack-up high-altitude operation
1, hydraulic system
(1) Hydraulic oil must conform to the varieties and labels specified in the original manual. If it is necessary to substitute, its performance must be the same as or similar to the original variety and label, and it is not allowed to substitute at will, nor to mix two different hydraulic oils.
(2) The hydraulic oil and hydraulic system must be kept clean and free of impurities such as dust, moisture, metal chips and rust. The amount of oil in the oil tank should be kept at the normal oil level. When changing oil, the hydraulic system should be thoroughly cleaned and new oil must be filtered. The container containing hydraulic oil must be kept clean, and the inner wall of the container shall not be painted.
(3) The hydraulic oil pipe joint shall be firm and shockproof, and the hose shall not be sharply bent or twisted, and shall not collide and rub with other pipes or objects.
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Question 9: How to do a good job in the safe use and standardized management of tower cranes? How to do a good job in the safe use and standardized management of tower cranes and prevent major tower crane accidents? There are 10 precautions in data management, disassembly management, tower crane foundation, safe distance of tower crane, safety device, stability, electrical safety, wall-attached device, safe operation and safety inspection, etc., to ensure the safe use and management of tower crane.
1, data management
The construction enterprise or the owner of the tower crane shall report the tower crane's production license, product certificate, disassembly license, instruction manual, electrical schematic diagram, hydraulic system diagram, driver's operation certificate, tower crane foundation diagram, geological survey data, tower crane disassembly scheme, safety technical disclosure, and warranty of main components (steel wire rope, high-strength connecting bolts, anchor bolts, main electrical components, etc.). ) to the tower crane testing center, and obtain a safe use certificate after passing the testing by the tower crane testing center. And the handover record with the project management department after installation. At the same time, strengthen the dynamic tracking management of tower cranes in daily use, and make machine-team records, inspection records and maintenance records (including minor repairs, medium repairs and major repairs) and have the signatures of relevant responsible persons. In the process of maintenance, the replaced materials and wearing parts should have certificates or quality guarantees, and the above materials should be sorted and filed in time, and a stand-alone account should be established.
2. Disassembly management
The disassembly and assembly of tower crane is an accident-prone stage. Safety accidents caused by improper disassembly and unqualified installation quality account for a large proportion. The disassembly and assembly of tower crane must be carried out by a qualified disassembly unit, and should be engaged in installation and disassembly within the scope of qualification. Dismantling personnel should receive special business training, have certain experience in disassembly and assembly, and hold relevant certificates. At the same time, each type of work personnel is complete, the post is clear, carry out their duties and obey the unified command. In the process of debugging, the technical level and sense of responsibility of professional electricians are very important. Electricians should hold electrician certificates and rigger certificates. A special disassembly plan shall be prepared for disassembly and assembly, which shall be reviewed and signed by the technical director of the installation unit, and the warning zone and cordon where the disassembly unit participates in disassembly and assembly shall be responsible by a special person. No irrelevant personnel are allowed to enter, and the operation shall be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of disassembly procedures and instructions. When the wind power exceeds Grade 4, the disassembly and assembly shall be stopped, and the crane with wind power exceeding Grade 6 shall stop operation. If it is really necessary to work at night under special circumstances, adequate lighting should be provided. For those who really need to work at night under special circumstances, they should fully negotiate with the truck crane driver on the relevant procedures and precautions for disassembly and assembly, and reach an understanding.
3. Tower crane foundation
Tower crane foundation is the foundation of tower crane. Practice has proved that many major safety accidents are caused by problems in the foundation of tower crane, and the foundation is an important factor affecting the overall stability of tower crane. Some accidents are caused by rushing to install concrete under the condition of insufficient strength in order to seize the construction period, some accidents are caused by insufficient foundation bearing capacity, some accidents are caused by excavation or even landslide displacement near the foundation, or uneven settlement caused by accumulated water, and so on, which will all cause serious safety accidents. We must attach great importance to it and not be vague. The stability of tower crane is its ability to resist overturning, and the biggest accident of tower crane is overturning and collapsing. When building the tower crane foundation, the durability of the foundation must meet the design requirements, and the strength of reinforced concrete must reach at least 80% of the design value. Special treatment measures should be taken for tower crane foundation with basement project: some should pile under the foundation, and the reinforcement at the pile end should be welded firmly with the foundation anchor bolt. The bottom surface of concrete foundation should be flat and dense, and the bottom of the foundation cannot be made into a pot bottom. The dimension error of foundation anchor bolts must be constructed in strict accordance with the requirements of foundation drawing, and the anchor bolts should have enough length exposed to the ground, and each anchor bolt should be preloaded with double nuts. Before installation, the foundation surface should be treated to ensure that the levelness of the foundation cannot exceed11000. At the same time, the tower crane foundation shall not accumulate water, which will cause uneven settlement of the tower crane foundation. Do not dig pits or ditches at will near the tower crane foundation.
4. Safe distance between tower cranes.
When the tower crane is arranged, the floor plan should be drawn, especially in the real estate development area, where there are many residential buildings and tower cranes. The safe distance between adjacent tower cranes should be considered, and the safe distance should be no less than 2m in both horizontal and vertical directions. The towers and booms of adjacent tower cranes should not interfere with each other to ensure that the tower cranes can rotate freely when the wind is too strong. The safe distance between the rear arm of tower crane and adjacent buildings shall not be less than 1250px. The safe distance between tower crane and transmission line meets the requirements. If the safe distance between the tower crane and the transmission line is not enough, a protective frame should be erected. In principle, the protective frame should be erected without power supply, and metal materials such as bamboo poles can be used. The distance between bamboo poles and transmission lines should not be less than 1m, and should have certain stability and strength. & gt