There are six kinds of ill sentences stipulated in the notes of college entrance examination, namely: improper collocation, improper word order, incomplete or redundant, disordered structure, unclear meaning and illogical. Looking at the examination questions of discriminating Chinese ill sentences in college entrance examination over the years, we can see that the wrong types of ill sentences are very typical. Although various measures have been taken to increase the confusion, on the whole, their "symptoms" are very prominent and there are some rules to be found. If we grasp these "symptoms" and follow them to the end, it will be easier to judge whether this sentence is sick or not and what kind of language disorder it is. The author compares and analyzes the sick sentences in the college entrance examination questions and some simulation questions over the years, and lists the following rules for teachers and students to review and prepare for the exam.
First, there are coordinate phrases, which may be improper collocation, improper classification, improper word order or unclear meaning.
1. The relevant departments criticized and educated sanitation workers in time for a few incidents that did not respect their labor, made troubles without reason, and even beat and insulted sanitation workers, and dealt with them seriously. (Improper collocation makes it impossible to "criticize and educate" the "event")
Our hometown is beautiful and rich, and the land here is fertile, especially suitable for planting fruit trees, cotton and grass. In addition, it is also suitable for planting pear trees and jujube trees. (Improper classification, "pear tree and jujube tree" are all "fruit trees")
The staff of the whole factory discussed and listened to the director's report on improving management. (improper word order should mean "listening and discussing", which has a chronological relationship)
Recently, the new district court concluded the case and ordered Xiao Zhang, who breached the contract, to compensate the plaintiff Hao Luyuan Trading Company for economic losses and legal costs of more than 3,000 yuan. (The meaning is unclear, is it "economic loss and legal fees" of "3,000 yuan" or "legal fees" of "3,000 yuan" alone)
Second, there are many attributives and adverbials, which may be the wrong word order.
1. Criticism and self-criticism are effective ways to correct mistakes and improve ideological level. (The word "effective" should be placed before the word "method")
Yesterday, many delegates had a warm conversation with him in the lounge. ("Enthusiastically" should precede "Talk to him")
This training course was jointly organized by the National Staff Education Committee and the State Economic Commission at the end of May this year. More than 200 staff representatives from all over the country participated in this training. ("United" should first turn to "held" and then give way to adverbial of time)
Third, there are quantitative phrases, which may be ambiguous, repetitive, improper word order and improper use of words.
1. The student union cadres of three schools met in the guidance office to study the development of the second classroom activities this semester. (I don't know, is it "three schools" or "three student union cadres")
Domestic cars are low in price and suitable for people to accept. For example, the unified market price of "Urban Beibei" is only 60,800 yuan, "Engel" is 68,800 yuan, and the new "Santana" is only about 10 million yuan. (Again, "over 100,000 yuan" is a rough figure, so "rough" cannot be used. )
3. Carrying out criticism and self-criticism is an effective way to correct the party style and enhance the party's cohesion. (Improper word order, "class I" should precede "effective")
4. The boiler equipment of Huaneng Group's third power plant was reformed this year, and the power generation per ton of coal increased by 1.5 times, while the coal consumption area decreased by 1.2 times. (Inappropriate words, you can't use multiples to mean "decrease")
5. After the completion of the first computer integrated manufacturing system engineering research center in China, its advanced functions were greatly appreciated by domestic and foreign counterparts, and more than 23,000 people visited it successively. (Improper use of words, "person-time" is a compound quantifier and cannot be used as the subject)
At five or six o'clock in the morning, tens of thousands of people stood on both sides of the street leading to the airport. (Improper use of words, "crowd" is collective noun)
Fourth, prepositions appear, which may be due to improper collocation, chaotic structure, inversion of subject and object, and incomplete subject.
1. When they encounter difficulties, they are not depressed. It is to gain strength from everyone's trust and concern and build confidence in overcoming difficulties. (Improper collocation should be "from ...")
2. On March 7th, 2007, six members were expelled from the International Olympic Committee for bribery scandal. The next day, newspapers all over the world reported in detail this event that shocked the international sports community. (Improper use of preposition should be "right")
The name Jiao may be unfamiliar to young people, but it is familiar to people over forty. (The subject and object are reversed, which should be "for young people" and "for people over 40 years old")
4. Why haven't relevant departments paid attention to this phenomenon of wasting talents so far? (Abuse of prepositions leads to incomplete subject, so "Dui" should be deleted)
Fifth, there are related words (conjunctions), which may be improper collocation, incompleteness and improper word order.
1. Only by fundamentally solving the problem of "why people" can we better serve the people. (Improper collocation of related words should be a necessary condition, and "only ……" should be used. )
Although your gift is meager, it is as heavy as a thousand pounds in the hearts of farmers. (Related words and adverbs are not collocated properly, so the exact meaning is used here, and the ambiguous "how" is used after "it doesn't matter" and "it doesn't matter")
Although he is a farmer, he usually likes to study, knows a lot of words and is good at yangko. Due to the low technical level, these products are either lower in quality than similar products in coastal areas or higher in cost.
(The related words are in the wrong position and the subjects are inconsistent. The relative word should come before the subject, and "no" should be adjusted to "quality")
Nowadays, "letter words" such as "Ah Q" have spread all over the cultural circle of Chinese characters, not only in textbooks, but also in various media. (improper word order, there is a progressive relationship. Serious things should be put behind, and "be active not only in various media, but also in textbooks")
6. Inappropriate language, ungrammatical sentences, lack of coherence and long delay will make the meaning vague, misleading and even puzzling. (Improper word order should mean "incomprehensible or even misunderstood")
6. Pronouns appear, which may be ambiguous and repetitive.
1. This exquisite lantern will be given as a gift to the guest who scored the highest score today. (unclear meaning, who does "he" mean, unclear meaning)
At the age of 80, the old man still clearly remembers his brother's evaluation of himself when he participated in the student movement: a warm-hearted person.
(I don't know, does "self" mean "old man" or "elder brother" of "old man")
Due to this traffic accident, the traffic on Wanping Road on Huaihai Road was closed for nearly three hours. (Again, "for this" means "for this traffic accident")
We must produce our own genuine computer game software, otherwise, without new software, it will be difficult to resist unhealthy pirated software. (Again, "otherwise" means "if not", just like "no new software")
Seven, there are long objects, which may be the incompleteness and improper collocation of the head of the object.
1. In order to fully popularize the use of rapeseed cake or cottonseed cake to feed pigs and accelerate the development of pig breeding, the county held three technical training courses for breeders. (If the head language of the object is incomplete, add "experience")
2. Understanding sandstorms and understanding sandstorms is to prevent sandstorms from a scientific point of view and reduce the losses caused by sandstorms. (the object of "reach" is incomplete, and the purpose of "loss" is added)?
3. Now, I see the folks who have been away for many years, the hut made of stone and thatch that I grew up in the mountainous area, the rugged streets and the familiar and lovely local accent. (Improper collocation, "look" and "local accent" don't match)
Eight, there are multiple predicates, which may be improper collocation and stealing subjects.
1. This cultural station has become a place to educate and help backward youth, save and cultivate young people who have lost their feet, and has been commended by superior leaders for many times. (Improper collocation, "training" and "young people who have slipped" do not match)
2. Although this factory is small in scale, it won the provincial science conference award twice and the title of provincial high-quality product three times, and its products are exported to all parts of the country and Southeast Asia. (Swap the topic, "Factory" can't "win the title of provincial quality product")
3. Like children, we pinched a handful of flowers until the flowers and the leaves disappeared. We threw them into the mountain stream with apologies and left with Shui Piao. The subject is preceded by "we" and followed by "flowers", so it should be changed to "throw it into the mountain stream and follow Shui Piao".
Nine, there are doubts and negatives, which may be inappropriate.
1. Of course, the spirit of Lei Feng should be endowed with new connotations, but who can deny that there is no need to learn from Lei Feng now? It is illogical to add double negation to interrogative sentences and turn them into triple negation.
In recent years, Wang Fang has been collecting and sorting out folk songs almost all the time and accumulated a lot of information. "Always" is equivalent to "always", which is contradictory to "forgetting" and "accumulating a lot of information" later.
X has a fixed structure and definition, which may be structural confusion.
1. The Law on the Protection of Consumers' Rights and Interests is very popular with consumers because it strengthens people's awareness of self-protection and protects consumers' rights and interests to the maximum extent. There are structures of "for" and "by", but there is no structure of "by", so the word "by" should be removed. )
Up to now, people can't completely control natural disasters, and the quality of agricultural harvest depends largely on the quality of natural conditions. (it should be "decided by")
Write the ending of the event first, and then describe the occurrence and development of the event in chronological order. This is called flashback. ("Yes" should be deleted)
Eleven, the emergence of classical Chinese words, written language, there may be repetition.
1. The plan for setting toll gates on traffic trunk lines must be discussed and approved by the Standing Committee of the local people's congress and announced to the public. ("Zhu" means "Yu", and "Yu" is repeated)
2. The opening ceremony of Athens Olympic Games was wonderful and first-class, which was widely praised by world public opinion. ("comparable" means "can", and "can" is repeated)
After listening to the facts he stated, I sincerely thanked him. ("Sincere" means "in my heart", repeat)
4. In order to make this dictionary of high quality, the editorial board of The Great Chinese Dictionary focused on controlling the key links in the compilation of three dictionaries in the Spring and Autumn Period. ("trying to revise the canon" means "compiling", repeat)
Note: Similar misuses include "premature death", "excessive indulgence", "defending laurel" and "glory in my humble abode".
12. The phrase with the word "de" appears, which may be due to vague meaning, improper collocation (stealing the subject) and improper word order.
1. It's getting dark and windy outside, and pedestrians on the street are becoming less and less. I am very eager to repair my umbrella. (The meaning is unclear, "umbrella repairer" may be "umbrella repairer" or "umbrella repairer")
On the evening of August 3rd, 2003, the emblem of the 29th Olympic Games was released in the Temple of Heaven in Beijing, making the Hall of Prayer for the New Year more magnificent. (Improper collocation, misusing the word "de" and stealing the subject, resulting in the mismatch between "lamp" and "grandeur", so the word "de" should be deleted)
Recently, the Hunan Provincial Museum of History exhibited tens of thousands of newly unearthed rice cultivated 8,000 years ago. (If the word order is improper, the word "wishing to be unearthed" should be transferred to "eight thousand years ago")
Thirteen, there are two sides, which may be inconsistent and illogical.
1. Whether the electronic industry can develop rapidly and penetrate into all walks of life depends on accelerating the training and bringing up a group of specialized technical personnel. ("Neng" is a double-faced word, which is inconsistent with the latter)
I am afraid that disaster will befall my aunt. ("worry" and "no" are illogical)
14. The appearance of words such as "avoid", "prevent", "prevent", "avoid", "avoid" and "prohibit" may be illogical (with opposite meanings).
1. In order to prevent such traffic accidents from happening again, we have strengthened traffic safety education and management. ("prevent" and "never happen again" are unreasonable, and "no" should be removed)
2. Three bogeys for sleep: one bogey can't get angry before going to bed, the other bogey can't eat enough before going to bed, and the third bogey can't get wind. ("No" or "No" to one)
15. Polysemous words or phrases such as "Qu", "Freshman", "Shou", "Nothing", "Qu" and "He" have appeared, which may lead to ambiguity.
1. The county's notice said that Zhao Xiangchang would report for duty on 15 this month. (Whether "before 15" or "above 15", the meaning is unknown)
In the sound of gongs and drums, this famous old school finally ushered in its own new life. (Whether it is "new classmate" or "new life", the meaning is unknown)
None of them has the right to interfere with Wilde's election of the director of the village Committee. "Wu" has the nature of both adverb and verb, which makes the meaning unclear.
People in CIS countries despise the 2002 World Cup. (Is it "invisible" or "contemptuous"? The meaning is unknown)
He secretly deposited money in two banks behind the back of the general manager and deputy general manager. ("He" has the nature of preposition and conjunction, which makes the meaning unclear)
6. The Ministry of Education issued a notice on the scope of the unified national examination for the enrollment of ordinary colleges and universities, pointing out that junior high school physics teaching content is not required. (Whether it is "the whole junior middle school teaching content part" or "part of it" is ambiguous)
Sixteen, the words "Shi", "Rang", "Shi", "Ba" and "Bei" may appear because of incomplete subject, inversion of subject and object and improper word order.
1. After repeated explanations by the old director, his anger gradually subsided, and finally a smile appeared on his face. (The subject is incomplete, so the subject of the verb is "old director", so the word "pass" should be removed, or the word "make" should be removed and the word "talent" should be changed after the word "harmony")
2. At the beginning of this year, the United States and Britain assembled frightening military forces, which made the Gulf region once overcast. (The subject and object are reversed, and "deterrence" itself means "scaring" others. The word "command" is used to cause the subject and object to be reversed, so it should be changed to "shock")
In order to strive for high speed, we must pay close attention to the modernization of science and technology, make it ahead of production and construction, and make the national economy develop with advanced science and technology. (Improper word order means "applying science and technology" and "promoting national economy")
Different from writers, photographers don't put their feelings about mountains and rivers, vegetation, cities and villages into their works, but focus directly on the lens. (If the word order is improper, the word "no" should be placed before the word "ba")
Our great motherland is no longer a divided country that is trampled and plundered at will. If the word order is improper, the word "arbitrary" should be transferred to "victim"?
Seventeen. Common Sentence Mixed Types and Dialectics
Decided by; (This is determined by/due to ...)
2. For the purpose of ...; (For (the purpose of) …/…)
Who did he die for ...; He died for ...
The reason ... is because ...; The reason ... that's .../... this country is for ...)
The reason ... that's ...; The reason ... that's .../... that's ...)
6. This is because ...; (It's because .../It's caused by)
7. The reason is ...; (The reason is .../It is made up of ...)
8. The causes of … are mainly caused by …; (The main reason .../... is mainly caused by ...)
9. The root cause is that ... is at work; The root cause is …/is … at work.
10 results in ...; (Due to …/Due to …)
1 1, the key problem is that ... plays a decisive role; The key question is whether …/whether … plays a decisive role.
12, the key is what is important; The point is that …/… is very important.
13, after that ...; After (under …/…)
14, because ...; (due to …/according to …)
15, under the leadership (help) of …; Under the leadership (help) of ...
16, about (about) the problem ... on (about) .../open ...
17, mostly based on ...; Mainly .../mainly ...
18, with ... as the center; Around/around ...
19, just ...; It is wise to .../... as long as.
20. consist of ... Be/consist of ... ...
2 1, composition by …; This composition is made up of ….
22. Obtain from; By …/by …
23. Based on the principle of …; In line with/based on the principle of ... ...
24. Use ... as an excuse; On the pretext of .../in the name of ... ...
25. Under the guise of ...; Under the cover of ... ...
26. Run towards ...; Towards .../towards ...
27. Hearing the bad news of ...; Hear the bad news of.
28. Be deeply welcomed by ...; Be welcomed by ... ...
29, change the score ... more; Become extra …/more …
30. Compared with the same period last year (increase); Compared with the same period last year .../Compared with the same period last year, it has increased.
The characteristics of 3 1 and XX are … unique; The characteristic of XX is that ……/XX is unique.
32. I also came to the place … and participated in the study; Others from …/from … also took part in the study.
Judging from the above methods, the sentence in your second question is a sick sentence and belongs to semantic repetition. To "stay and ignore" means to keep the problem and not discuss it for the time being. It already means "temporary", so there is no need to add "temporary". In addition, I remind you not to believe those irresponsible answers, some of which are false. You should have your own judgment. You'd better ask the teacher, not to save trouble and not to be lazy in your study.