1, mild ankle sprain, cold compress should be applied to the affected area first, and after 24 hours, hot compress should be used, bandage the ankle, and raise the foot pad to relieve the symptoms.
Second, the electric shock first aid method
① Quickly cut off the power supply.
(2) When the insulation grid can't be found, the conductor can be picked or cut off.
(3) Immediately lift the person who gets an electric shock to a ventilated place, unbutton the button and belt, and give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation or send him to a nearby hospital for emergency treatment if breathing stops.
④ Local burns can be bandaged with saline or vaseline gauze.
Third, the first aid method of arterial bleeding
(1) The arteriole is bleeding, and the wound is not big. Sterile cotton can be applied to the wound, and pressure dressing can generally stop dizziness.
(2) When bleeding continues, it can raise the injured limb, slow down the blood flow and help to stop dizziness.
(3) In case of severe limb bleeding, a tourniquet can be tied at the upper end of the wound, and a towel or cloth should be put on before it is tied, and then it must be relaxed every half hour 1 time, and the total sticking time should not exceed two hours to avoid limb ischemia and necrosis. After initial treatment, they should be sent to hospital immediately.
Fourth, the first-aid methods of children's convulsions
1. When the child is found to have convulsions, it is not appropriate to panic and shake the child, which will aggravate the condition. Don't feed the soup with water, lest it be inhaled into the trachea. You should open the window, unbutton the child's coat and let him breathe freely. Wrap chopsticks in cloth and put them between the child's upper and lower teeth to avoid biting his tongue. Fatigue caused by high fever can be applied to the forehead with a towel dipped in cold water. Record the time and symptoms of convulsions in detail and send them to the hospital for treatment immediately.
Five, the first aid method of being bitten by a dog
After being bitten by a dog, use a cloth belt to tie the wound up and down 5 cm, suck out dirty blood with a breast pump, and then wash the wound with soapy water. Dogs that bite should be isolated, and once they are diagnosed with rabies virus, they should be executed immediately.
6, fracture first aid method
Methods of rescuing fracture patients;
① Hemostasis: Finger pressing, bandaging and tourniquet can be used to stop bleeding.
② Bandage: The open fracture is bandaged with sterile gauze under pressure, and the exposed end cannot be retracted.
③ Fixation: Use old clothes and other soft objects to pad the splint, or use wooden sticks and other substitutes to fix the upper and lower joints of the injured limb when there is no splint.
④ Treatment: If conditions permit, it can be sent to hospital for treatment after debridement and pain relief.
Seven, the first aid method of acute lumbar sprain
1, after a sudden lumbar sprain, if the injury is mild, the patient can lie on his back on a thick wooden bed with a cushion under his waist 1 pillow. Cold compress the wound first, and switch to hot compress after 1 ~ 2 days. If the symptoms are not relieved or the injury is serious, they should be sent to the hospital for emergency treatment.
Eight, the first aid method of spinal bone injury
Patients with spinal bone injury can move their limbs if they are clear-headed, and the movement disorder of both lower limbs is simple, suggesting that the chest or lumbar spine has been seriously injured; If the upper limbs are also disabled, the cervical spine will also be damaged. First make the patient lie flat on the ground, and the two upper limbs are straight and close together. Put the door panel next to the patient, and four movers crouch beside the patient, one holding the back and waist, one holding the shoulder blades, one holding the hips and lower limbs, and one holding the head, keeping them on the same axis as the trunk at any time. Four people at the same time, slowly rolled the patient to the door panel and lay on his back, with small pillows at the back of his waist and neck, soft pillows at both sides of his head, then fixed his head with cloth strips, and then ran to the nearest place.
Method of Chinese chives for treating metal foreign bodies by mistake.
Take a handful of leek, don't cut it, cook it in boiling water, and mix it with sesame oil, so that foreign objects such as metals swallowed by mistake can be wrapped and discharged smoothly.
X. First aid methods for hemoptysis
① Let the patient rest in bed, take a semi-recumbent position, keep quiet, and don't talk loudly or cough hard.
(2) Wrap the chest with a cold towel to prevent catching cold.
③ Take antitussive and expectorant drugs, but avoid aminophylline.
④ Take some hemostatic drugs, such as No.8 hemostatic powder, Radix Notoginseng, Rhizoma Bletillae powder, vitamin K, etc. ..
⑤ Send to hospital for treatment as soon as possible.
Eleven, cat bite first aid methods
After being bitten by a cat, the upper end of the wound should be tied tightly with a tourniquet, washed with normal saline or cold boiled water, and then corroded locally with 5% carbolic acid.
Twelve, gas poisoning first aid methods
When you realize your gas poisoning, you should open the doors and windows as soon as possible and leave the scene quickly. If you are weak, you should lie on the ground, climb to the door or window, and open the door and window to call for help. If gas poisoning is found in others, you should immediately open the doors and windows and carry the patient away from the scene. If the poisoned person's breathing and heartbeat are irregular or stop, he should immediately carry out external heart massage and mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration, and be sent to the hospital for rescue.