(Beijing Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development Company Heat Pump Engineering Company)

Shallow geothermal energy refers to the thermal energy contained in the rock and soil mass and groundwater on the earth's surface, which comes from solar radiation and nuclear decay in the deep part of the earth.

The development and application of shallow geothermal energy is a series of work to extract and utilize shallow geothermal energy through a series of comprehensive technologies and heat transfer media. Specifically, geothermal energy exchange system (ground source heat pump system with groundwater, ground source heat pump system with buried pipe, etc.). ) Through the water source heat pump unit (water as heat transfer medium or water solution with antifreeze added) and the heat exchange system in the building, the energy needed in the building is exchanged with rock mass and groundwater, so as to achieve the purpose of heating in winter, cooling in summer and providing domestic hot water all year round, also known as ground source heat pump system engineering. According to the different forms of geothermal energy exchange system, it can be divided into three forms: underground water source heat pump system, ground source heat pump system and surface water source heat pump system.

The name of water source heat pump unit comes from water pump, which lifts water from lower part to higher part, and water source heat pump upgrades low-grade energy to high-grade energy.

Ground source heat pump system integration (one-stop service) includes: feasibility analysis in the early stage of project establishment; Choose the way of underground water source heat pump system, ground source heat pump system with buried pipe or surface water source heat pump; Water resources demonstration report; Analysis of hydrogeological conditions; Approval of well drilling construction permit when selecting underground water source heat pump system; Design the geothermal energy exchange system, the above-ground computer room system and the terminal system in the building; Construction of the whole air conditioning system; Completion acceptance; Operation training; After sales service.

There are many business models for the development and application of shallow geothermal energy. At present, they mainly include:

(1) Decentralized operation mode: The project construction unit has signed contracts with many professional companies at the same time, such as water source heat pump unit suppliers, groundwater construction professional companies, equipment installation companies and design companies.

(2)BOT mode: the investor invests in the construction of the whole system in the form of BOT and is responsible for the operation and maintenance of the system. The project construction unit only needs to pay the operation fee and deliver the property rights of the whole system to the construction unit after the fixed number of years agreed in the contract.

(3) System integration mode: the project construction unit only needs to sign a contract with a system integrator, and the system integrator will complete the turnkey work of pre-demonstration, design, construction and after-sales service of all systems.

The core technology of shallow geothermal energy development and application is the underground heat exchange system at first. The underground water source heat pump system engineering requires that the extracted water must be completely recharged, and the ground source heat pump system engineering requires that the underground energy should be extracted as much as possible, and the cold and heat balance should be maintained in winter and summer to ensure continuous and stable operation without affecting the environment. Secondly, the whole system is required to be reasonably balanced.

The development and application of shallow geothermal energy is an interdisciplinary comprehensive applied science integrating hydrogeology, HVAC, water supply and drainage and other disciplines.

Ground-source heat pump system integrator is a cooperative way that enterprises adopt strong alliance and complementary advantages to adapt to the rapidly developing ground-source heat pump system market, and it is an external optimal integration (combination) based on the core competence resources of enterprises. Enterprises focus their investment and management on their own core competencies, while some non-core competencies or core competencies that are not available in a short time are provided by external partners. The purpose of pursuing is: sincerely cooperate with you, tap resources and win-win with you. Ground source heat pump system integrators have formed a "business ecosystem" themselves. Different from the natural ecosystem, the natural ecosystem is composed of different species and substances in nature, while the ground source heat pump system integrator is composed of drilling and sinking wells, pumping and irrigation well design, HVAC design, water source heat pump unit production enterprises, circulating pumps, submersible pumps, valves, power distribution cabinets, control cabinets, building automation and professional installation and after-sales service teams. These large and small enterprises, involving dozens, constitute system integrators. Our customers (owners) only need to face a ground source heat pump system integrator to meet the practical application needs, instead of facing many enterprises.

Huaqing Group of Beijing Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration consists of seven subsidiaries with complete professional categories. The group company has independent hydrogeological design units, drilling teams, professional installation and construction units and 24-hour after-sales service institutions. Huaqing Hot Spring Hotel, the first water source heat pump project in Beijing, was built by this unit in cooperation with Tsinghua Tongfang. In the past few years, more than half of the heat pump market in Beijing has been built and is under construction, becoming a model for system integrators.

Beijing Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development Company Heat Pump Engineering Company is also a system integrator. It is a system integrator composed of Air Conditioning Institute of China Academy of Building Research, Beijing Geological Engineering Survey Institute, Beijing Chuangjielian Technology Co., Ltd., several water source heat pump unit manufacturers and affiliated equipment manufacturers. Since 2002, the projects that have been done in an integrated mode include: CPPCC Hotel, shibalidian Middle School, Louzizhuang Hospital, Laiguangying Hospital, Gorgeous United Villa, Beijing Land Subsidence Monitoring Center, Beijing No.17 Middle School, Jiuxianqiao Shibaolai Base, Dayuan Hotel, Friendship Hotel, Starfish Building and the High School Attached to the Steel Institute.

Excessive dispersion of enterprise resources, fragmented management, single dependence on price reduction and malicious competition are a major hidden danger in Beijing heat pump market at present, and they are also problems that many enterprises need to solve urgently. In GB50366? Before the implementation of "Technical Specification for Ground Source Heat Pump System Engineering" in 2005, many engineering projects had problems, with low industrial concentration and industrial restraint. A single professional company is struggling in the heat pump market, just like kicking down the bridge, and it is very difficult to complete cross-disciplinary projects alone.

One of the solutions is to take the road of integrators and strengthen cooperation among enterprises. Most members of the system integration have no financial connection, and all enterprises have equal status, independent operation and independent financial accounting. The mode of system integration can be combined quickly, and each unit has considerable flexibility and selectivity, which meets the requirements of enterprises to pay attention to speed and control costs at present.

In today's heat pump market, system integrators have become an important means for enterprises to complement each other's advantages, expand their competitive position and develop supernormally. At present, the country is in the transition period of enterprise innovation, technological innovation, intellectual property protection and diversification of economic components. In the case of unclear property rights and uncertain governance structure, integration is a quick and effective shortcut. The status of the integration unit (enterprise) is determined by its strength, and the effect of integration depends on the ability of all parties to integrate into the integration system, forming a win-win value network with each other.

In the late 1990s, with the success of the Olympic bid and Beijing's higher requirements for atmospheric environmental protection, the Beijing Municipal Government proposed to develop and apply renewable energy and clean energy as soon as possible. Cancel coal-fired boilers and make the capital Beijing bluer and greener. With the active advocacy of the government, funds quickly flowed into the heat pump industry. Domestic enterprises such as Beijing Tsinghua Tongfang, Shandong Fulda and Shenyang Yiliang quickly invested in the production of water source heat pump hosts, and foreign brands such as French SEAT, Italian Clemente and Japanese Zhiyuan also entered the Beijing market. These host equipment manufacturers and geological drilling units jointly develop the market, which makes the Beijing heat pump project develop rapidly.

65438-0999 The first water source heat pump project in Beijing is the result of cooperation between Tsinghua Tongfang and Beijing Geological Exploration Institute.

200 1 The first underground pipeline project was completed by Beijing Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration Technology in lishuiqiao Beijing Petrochemical Cadre Management College.

With the continuous development of the heat pump market, there are also some problems. Geology and mineral resources department is responsible for the underground, the host manufacturer is responsible for the computer room, and the installation unit is responsible for the terminal, and the working boundary is clear. However, when there are problems in the system debugging stage, it will form a situation in which the railway police are in charge of each section. If there is something wrong with the system, no one will say that there is something wrong with their own sector and pass the buck. When there are problems in operation, most of the time it is when the load is relatively heavy. Whether it is heating or cooling, it may take the owner three to five days or even longer to find out the reason, and more often, the collocation of the three parts (underground, machine room and terminal) is unreasonable and mismatched, such as the head size of the pump, the diameter of the pipe and the turning direction of the pipeline.

With the rapid development of the heat pump market and the improvement of people's understanding of the heat pump industry, the demand of owners for system integrators is more urgent, and they are looking for powerful enterprises to be responsible for every link of the whole project. If there is a problem, you don't have to face hundreds of large and small enterprises, even if it is a valve, all system integrators will take risks.

Figure 1 Main links in the implementation of ground source heat pump system

Figure 2 shows that after 2002, geological units with core competitiveness will no longer subcontract the construction of a single underground system, but rely on core technology to integrate the system and provide one-stop service for the owners.

Fig. 2 Operation mode of system integration unit

In the market competition, service is very important, and students' marketing is also promising in this important link. Integrators can cooperate in pre-sale, in-sale, after-sale and other links to publicize, and win the favor of owners with services such as demonstration, guidance, operation on behalf of owners and seasonal maintenance.

Two or more enterprises form an integrator, and the same brand * * * can quickly improve its popularity and reputation in a low-cost way.

Four keys to the successful operation of 1 integrator

(1) Cooperative enterprise: First of all, the enterprise should have units with core technology (hydrogeological design, exploration and drilling). The source of shallow geothermal energy development and application is underground, which is the source of energy, equivalent to natural gas, coal, oil and other non-renewable resources. So the underground system is the key to the success or failure of the whole system. Secondly, there must be experienced design units and a reasonable design system.

(2) Creating the integration of social benefits and economic benefits: member enterprises have a unified goal in the heat pump market, and Qi Xin will work together to create an integrated brand and image. The core values of the enterprise do not conflict with each other, and win-win together with the owners, creating a beautiful environment for the earth on which human beings depend and creating cheap operating costs for each user unit. Realize the development and growth of each enterprise itself.

(3) New consciousness: every enterprise should innovate its core technology, management mode and production technology. Only by constantly exploring and innovating can enterprises be invincible in the heat pump market. Enterprises in the heat pump market, such as sailing against the current, will retreat if they don't advance. Enterprises in the consortium choose each other, depend on each other, are close and independent, and need a series of scientific and effective integrated management methods.

(4) Reasonable distribution of cooperation benefits: A performance measurement model for evaluating and managing cooperation should be as fair as possible to all aspects of integration. When signing a contract, the terms of integrated cooperation should be formulated, and risks and benefits should be shared.

2 Bottleneck and outlet of market development

With the further improvement of the requirements of optimizing energy structure and improving energy utilization efficiency, and the introduction of relevant policies and regulations, the heat pump market will usher in a new round of unprecedented development. However, there are the following problems in the heat pump industry at present, which will restrict the development of the heat pump market:

(1) In the past, there were many problems in the heat pump market: construction enterprises were mixed, equipment manufacturers simply relied on low-price competition, all links were out of touch, and effective management was lacking. This situation of excessive decentralization and decentralized management of resources is bound to hinder the virtuous cycle development of the heat pump market;

(2) The heat pump system itself is a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary scientific system, involving hydrogeology, engineering geology, HVAC, water supply and drainage, electrical and automatic control. In the whole system implementation process, there are core technical problems besides the cooperation among various specialties. In the whole heat pump system, the underground system, the host system and the terminal system form a complete air conditioning system. For the host system and terminal system, there is no technical difficulty based on mature technology and stable effect. The only problem that needs attention is the rationality of system construction.

(3) Now people in the industry generally realize that the success or failure of the normal operation of the heat pump system lies in the stability and economy of the underground system. Only when the underground system is stable can the safety of the whole heat pump system be guaranteed. Only when the underground system is economical and reasonable can the economy of heat pump be reflected.

In view of the above factors, the only effective way to break through the bottleneck is to take the road of system integration, and the powerful geological prospecting enterprises will take the lead in forming an integrator consortium, strengthen the cooperation between equipment manufacturers and construction and installation enterprises, give play to the advantages of their own enterprises, bring quality and convenience to customers, and realize the development of their own enterprises, which can be described as a win-win situation.

I will briefly explain the management mode of "system integration" with the development example of heat pump engineering company of Beijing Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development Company:

Beijing Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development Company, a subsidiary of Beijing Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau, was established in 1994. He has been engaged in engineering geology, hydrogeology exploration, water source exploration, foundation, precipitation, prevention and control of geological disasters for many years, and has a group of experts and professional technicians who have devoted themselves to hydrogeology research for many years, and mastered valuable first-hand information in the field of groundwater and hydrogeology in Beijing.

Started to set foot in the field of heat pump from 1998. Joining hands with equipment manufacturers, based on their own advantages, we have undertaken the drilling of groundwater system, and successively undertaken the drilling of water source wells of water source heat pump system in large buildings with a size of100000 square meters, such as Friendship Hospital, Chinese People's Police College, Juer Hutong Community and Shougang Basketball Court.

In view of its strong advantages in water source drilling, 200 1 took the lead in putting forward the service concept of "system integration", that is, providing customers with "one-stop" services including pre-feasibility study, system design, equipment procurement, construction and installation, system debugging, operation and maintenance, and after-sales service, and extending the service to the whole heat pump system.

Beijing Geology and Mineral Corporation integrates its own advantages in the field of hydrogeology, relies on its subordinate company-Beijing Geological Engineering Survey Institute, and unites with the air conditioning institute of China Institute of Building Science, a professional unit that has made certain scientific and technological achievements in independent research and development of ground source heat pumps, and absorbs many well-known domestic and foreign water source heat pump manufacturers and supporting equipment manufacturers to form a system integrator consortium.