Personality psychology is one of the branches of psychology, which can be simply defined as psychology that studies a person's unique behavior patterns. "Personality" is generally translated as "personality" and psychologists translate it as "personality". The following is what I arranged for you, I hope you like it!

Tisch

Analysis of Human Resource Management from the Perspective of Personality Psychology

In recent years, the application of personality psychology research in enterprise management is increasing. This paper summarizes the concept and content of personality psychology, and analyzes the functions and applications of psychoanalysis, trait theory, humanism, behaviorism and social learning in human resource management, such as recruitment, job matching, salary design, incentive mechanism and performance evaluation. It is beneficial to the application of personality psychology theory in the selection, employment and education of various organizations.

Personality psychology; Evaluation; encourage

First, the concept of personality and the connotation of personality psychology

Personality can be defined as a stable behavior pattern and internal process originating from individuals. It consists of two parts and is a stable behavior. Personality researchers usually think that they refer to individual differences. The important thing is a stable personality. The second is to pay attention to internal processes, which are different from interpersonal processes. They are all emotional, motivational and cognitive processes that occur in people's minds and affect people's behaviors and feelings. After the formation of personality psychology, there are six main schools: psychoanalysis, trait school, biology school, humanism school, behaviorism and social learning school and cognitive school.

Second, the influence of personality psychology theory on human resource management

1, from the perspective of psychoanalysis.

1 the application of personality type theory in recruitment, training and performance management. Carl. Gustav. In his book Psychological Types published by 192 1, Jung believes that there are individual differences between people, which can be divided into two psychological types: introversion and extroversion, and individual differences can be further divided into four psychological functions: thinking, emotion, feeling and intuition.

Introverts are quiet, reserved and introverted. They care more about themselves, pay less attention to external things, and are more interested in intellectual and thinking work. Extroverts, on the other hand, are lively and talkative, care about everything around them and like to participate in social activities.

Grasping the application of personality type theory reasonably and managing human resources well are closely related to the recruitment process. Extroverts are more active and often show more brilliance in recruitment. Communicate with recruiters with smooth thinking and elegant manners. This kind of performance is easy to produce "halo effect" in social cognitive deviation. In fact, in the recruitment process, the recruitment position should be based on the content of the job description, and on this basis, the judgment index of talent quality evaluation should be designed to match personality with occupation. The recruitment of scientific research department of an enterprise should pay more attention to the ability of independent thinking and good thinking, and introverted talents may be more suitable for this kind of knowledge workers.

Different types of personality are of great significance in employee management and employee development, and have a great influence on the career planning of enterprise management employees, affecting the planning of employees choosing more suitable occupations or occupational groups, and providing reference for future training content selection and position promotion direction. On the other hand, its forecast also affects the performance standard, and the job performance of the extroverted forecast management class is better, because these positions need more social activities.

2. Treat the value management of cross-cultural human resources with the theory of collective unconsciousness. The mental map in Jung's concept can be divided into two basic blocks: consciousness and subconscious. Subconsciousness can be further divided into individual subconscious and object consciousness, that is, collective unconsciousness or collective unconsciousness. Jung thinks that there is a special part of our brain that Freud didn't mention. He called it collective unconsciousness to show the difference with individual unconsciousness. It consists of thoughts and images different from those in the conscious range, and everyone's unconscious materials are basically the same. Just as we inherited physiological characteristics from our ancestors, we also inherited unconscious psychological characteristics.

The unique "collective consciousness" of different nationalities is particularly prominent in "cross-cultural human resource management". In today's economic globalization, for multinational enterprises, it is this kind of cross-cultural management problem with different psychological characteristics caused by "collective unconsciousness" that must be faced by team building in foreign subsidiaries. A cross-cultural management team will inevitably experience painful running-in, which involves not only the mutual running-in between members of different nationalities and cultures, but also the cognitive process of "cultural shock" that expatriates themselves need to experience, the ambiguity of social roles, the conflict of values, and the inadaptability to foreign cultures and life. These all need a psychological adaptation period.

In addition to cultural and psychological conflicts, the salary system in salary management is different, and the difference in treatment may also lead to problems. Therefore, in addition to constantly adjusting the salary system, so that employees can understand and agree with the differences, value management can also play a good buffer role. According to hofstede's cultural dimension theory, the characteristics of China's "high power distance and collectivism" make the Asian culture represented by China a paternalistic culture with collectivism and authority obedience.

The understanding of "collective subconscious" in Jung's theory spreads in the blood of a nation, and it is not easy to be abandoned, but it is not obvious at ordinary times, but it potentially hides and affects us. Management, including the management of values, and the establishment of corporate culture are all related to this. How to use it flexibly, enhance the cohesion of enterprises and the loyalty of employees, and form a stable organizational commitment is worth learning.

The prototype of "shadow" can be seen from an early age. The important prototype of consciousness in Jung's "collective unconsciousness" theory is the prototype of "shadow". The word shadow is dramatic, but it contains the unconscious part of us, which is essentially negative and can be compared to the dark side of our personality. Jung believes that a person who can adapt to society well can combine good and evil into his whole.

A reasonable grasp of good and evil is related to the basic hypothesis theory of human nature. Human behavior reflects the characteristics of human nature hypothesis to some extent, and the management practice of human resource management is based on a series of theories and assumptions. Therefore, the basic assumption of human nature is the cornerstone of human resource management system.

Douglas? McGregor put forward X theory and Y theory which are completely different from human nature, and on this basis, he constantly improved the mature Super Y theory, which reflected the rational use of good and evil in enterprise management. Super-Y theory advocates the matching between organization and work, which is conducive to the complementarity and mutual influence between personal competence and work efficiency, and ultimately achieves the goal of improving employee performance.

Combining job design with people, matching personality with work, and letting specific posts be filled by suitable personnel will help to achieve the goal of "matching people with posts". Pay attention to the needs of work content, mood, attitude and motivation, and establish a reasonable work task arrangement, salary and management system in decision-making. In view of the differences in personality and motivation, we can adjust more adaptive learning methods and improve learning efficiency when making training plans. Effective training results can produce higher work efficiency and competence.

2. From the point of view of trait school.

Employment angle 1 personality type dimension. Personality test is an important part of personnel evaluation method. In the past, we often only focused on professional skills and abilities, but ignored the characteristics of personality. Gradually, because personality tests are conducive to improving the effectiveness of employing people, such tests have attracted more and more attention in selecting and hiring talents. The four types of temperament in ancient Greece, Jung's psychological type theory, the big five personality model and Holland's six dimensions of personality matching with work all prove the wide application of personality type theory in personnel evaluation. Through the self-rating scale and projection technology, some personality traits of employees can be reflected from the side, which is beneficial to the evaluation of employees.

The most typical schools of personality theory are "Big Five Model" and a series of personality measurement scales with reliability and validity. All dimensions of the "Big Five Model" personality also have an impact on recruitment and employment, including extroversion, easygoing, responsibility, emotional stability and openness to experience, and have a certain impact on the choice of personality and career matching. In a study, extraversion, sense of responsibility and openness to experience are powerful indicators to measure leadership. In another study on "Big Five Personality", neuroticism is negatively related to motivation, and sense of responsibility is positively related to motivation. The five parts of "Big Five Personality", especially extroversion and openness to experience, are also related to career interests and career types. Moreover, in personality research, sense of responsibility is the most consistent and common indicator to measure job performance. Therefore, the company will pay attention to the cultivation of employee loyalty and sense of belonging when establishing corporate culture.

2. Salary design from the perspective of employee motivation. The knowledge of achievement motivation, attribution, type A personality, emotion and adversity quotient AQ in characteristic schools are also related to the talent management of the organization. For people with high achievement motivation, we need to pay attention to that salary is not the most important incentive factor when designing salary. Even after the salary increases to a certain extent, the length of working hours will have an inflection point, which is closely related to the occurrence of "substitution effect" and "income effect" in salary management.

3. Look at the effectiveness of performance evaluation from the perspective of attribution. Attribution theory has reference significance for performance evaluation. The standard of distinguishing internal cause from external cause can be explained by Kelly's three-dimensional attribution theory, which has three principles: consistency principle, consistency principle and difference principle.

It is precisely because of the basic attribution bias, self-service deviation and the actor-observer effect in attribution that many enterprises will adopt multi-angle performance evaluation system in performance management. It is for this reason that the 360-degree feedback system obtains a lot of feedback information from different objects, which greatly improves the reliability and validity of performance evaluation.

3. From the perspective of humanistic school.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory has great influence on enterprise talent management. It makes us not only pay attention to the establishment of an incentive salary system, but also meet the different needs of employees at all levels from other aspects, such as enriching work content, job rotation, paid vacation, learning and training opportunities, promotion channels, career planning and so on. , so as to truly motivate employees, improve employee performance, form a good team building, and truly improve employees' job satisfaction.

4. From the perspective of behaviorism and social learning school.

The sense of self-efficacy in this part of the theory, also known as socialcognitivetheory or sociallearningtheory, refers to the individual's belief in his ability to complete tasks.

Employees with high self-efficacy are full of self-confidence, have high expectations for successfully completing tasks in the new environment, and are eager for success and recognition. Through human resource management training, they can have a positive impact on self-efficacy. After training, employees may be more willing to undertake assigned tasks and work hard. From the perspective of expectation, individuals can feel the relationship between their efforts and performance, so as to achieve the incentive effect.

Third, the significance of applying personality psychology theory to human resource management

There is no distinction between good and bad personality characteristics, and personality research has long been ignored in enterprise management. In recent ten years, people have realized that different personality characteristics have different fitness in a specific position or environment, which has led to various organizations' general concern about the application of personality theory in selecting people, employing people and educating people.

This is of great significance to the recruitment, personnel evaluation, incentive mechanism, salary design, training development, performance appraisal and so on in human resource management. Today's society is a knowledge society, and the competition of talents is the source of the core competitiveness of enterprises. In the process of enterprise human resource management, combining the related knowledge theory of personality psychology theory is conducive to giving full play to the role of personality, interest and position matching, using incentives and needs to truly achieve the purpose of "matching people with posts", motivating employees, improving performance and creating value for the organization.

refer to

[1] JerryM.Burger. Personality Psychology 7th Edition [M]. Translated by Huichang Chen et al. Beijing: China Light Industry Press, 20 10.

[2] Gary? Desler, Zeng Xiangquan. Human resource management tenth edition? China edition [M]. Beijing: Renmin University of China Press, 2007.

[3] Yuan Lee, translated by Sun Minjian. American Stephen? p？ Robbins, Timothy? Answer? Qijia. Organizational behavior 12 edition [M]. Beijing: Renmin University of China Press, 2008.

extreme

College Students' "Otaku" and Their Personality Psychology Analysis

With the development of the times, a group of "otaku" have emerged among college students, who have created new demands in their own development process and new psychological and behavioral styles in the two-way interaction with society. Through in-depth research and psychological analysis of college students' otaku, this paper deeply understands the negative influence of otaku on college students and strives for college students to correctly treat "otaku culture".

Keywords: otaku culture, college students' otaku psychological personality

I. Introduction

Otaku, a Japanese word, is a general term for people who are keen on animation, comics and games, and can also refer to enthusiasts in other fields. In recent years, the word otaku has become popular in university campuses, and otaku and otaku have also become synonymous with "otaku" in university campuses. The survey shows that most college students "otaku" are addicted to the virtual network world, and their main characteristics are closed personality, untidiness and even separation from class collective activities. From the psychological point of view, choosing home life is a retreat in the psychological defense mechanism, in order to escape the pressure and frustration in reality and find the satisfaction and sense of accomplishment brought by success in the virtual world. This kind of behavior may be caused by frustration or imbalance of interpersonal relationship in real society, and it is also a manifestation of social recession. Other research and life experience tell us that otaku has certain personality characteristics. Compared with the national norm and non-otaku, some positive or negative characteristics of college students' otaku are consistent with the results of the questionnaire survey on psychological and behavioral characteristics of college students' otaku, such as unwillingness to go out, unwillingness to actively associate with others, sub-health status, poor time management ability, addiction to their own interests, and strong information collection and processing ability. In the critical period of college students' growth, there are too many negative factors of otaku phenomenon, which must be paid enough attention to.

Second, the living conditions of college students "otaku"

At present, the composition of college students' otaku life should be simple. They spend most of their time in the dormitory except going to class. Often due to the "house" of several roommates in the same dormitory, the degree of house is getting more and more serious. With the improvement of living standards, most college students now use all kinds of sophisticated electronic products, and their lives mainly depend on the Internet. They can order takeout when they eat, and buy daily necessities and snacks by online shopping and express delivery. They just need to open the door and sign for it. Spiritual needs are met by playing games, watching movies and making friends online. A large number of "otaku" met online and found like-minded friends through various softwares. Most of them form small groups online, find a sense of belonging on the virtual network, and feel more "home".

Third, the reason analysis

Analysis of external factors

1, the role of the media. Internet plays a decisive role in the formation and development of "otaku". For college students, almost everything can be done through the Internet. Online ordering, shopping and entertainment are part of college students' daily life. The existence of network resources has enriched the life of college students, and online games have become the way of leisure and entertainment for most college students. Otakus can meet their daily needs without leaving home, and many young people are happy to keep their "home" life.

2. College life is relatively leisure. In university, not only the schoolwork is greatly reduced, but also compared with high school, there is no pressure for further study. In addition to attending classes, it is to stay in the dormitory to pass the time. It is the life state of many college students to stay up late to review before exams.

3. The evolution of traditional family model and intergenerational conflict.

Nowadays, most teenagers are only children, and parent-child interaction is the main part of family communication.

An important way, but this kind of communication will produce intergenerational conflicts because of the differences in thinking modes and values between the two sides. Parents often repeatedly use boring words to educate their children and suppress the unconventional lifestyle that children have realized. Young people who tend to be otaku rarely have the opportunity to express their ideas in childhood. They have lived in loneliness and doting since childhood, lacking sense of security, communication skills and the ability to establish close relationships with others, and lacking normal life experience. In school life, socializing sometimes becomes a burden for them. They have ideas in their hearts but are not good at communicating with others, so they are more attached to the familiar family environment and virtual world. In the virtual world, they find spiritual support and sense of accomplishment in their own way.

Second, the analysis of internal factors

1, hope in the virtual world to make up for their own shortcomings.

Due to the influence of family life environment and school education environment, some college students lack excellent communication skills, which leads to introversion and communication obstacles. On the one hand, they expect to establish good social relations with others, on the other hand, they are unable to move in social activities because of their limited social skills. If they suffer setbacks again, they will feel more inferior. Some college students began to shape their ideal "self" on the Internet. On the virtual network, they don't have to face others directly, but rely on illusory feelings.

2. Relieve stress and escape from reality.

Contemporary college students are facing the pressure of postgraduate entrance examination, employment, interpersonal communication and emotion. Some people choose to face it directly, while others choose to escape. Some "otaku" are clearly aware of the challenges they face, but they are unwilling to overcome them and "house" themselves in their own world.

3, the heart is fragile, easy to be attracted by external things, and easy to be addicted and inert. Some college students "otaku" have never cultivated a tough mind since childhood, nor have they faced all kinds of temptations in the world of flowers and flowers. When I first entered the university, all kinds of temptations followed, preferring ease and laziness. But once you get into the habit, you will gradually lose your fighting spirit and indulge in it.

4. Conformity psychology

College students need to return to the group and be recognized by the group. As members of the group, they don't want to be excluded or attacked, so they need to keep pace with other members. This herd mentality is blind and lacks its own judgment on group behavior. So if most people in the dormitory or a few close classmates become "otaku". It's not surprising that everyone else follows the house.

Three pairs of personality psychology thinking on the problem of college students' "otaku"

It is necessary to analyze the causes of college students' otaku from the perspective of personality psychology. From the perspective of personality psychology, social experience is an important condition for the development of individual personality. Adler believes that a person's personality characteristics and mental health are mainly reflected in his lifestyle, and the formation of lifestyle is closely related to his early social environment and personal experience. In the life of "otaku", the lack of social activities leads to the decline of their social ability, which hinders the normal process of individual socialization, especially the adolescent "otaku" at an important stage of personality and psychological development. In terms of personality development, teenagers who tend to stay at home since childhood often grow up under the doting of their parents in several personality development processes. Parents usually take a "one-handed" approach to them, which leads them to make rational judgments and think about some things and fail to cultivate good social communication skills.

Why does the phenomenon of otaku appear? All human conflicts and mental pains are the result of losing some balance. Secondly, everyone will encounter many failures and setbacks in his life. At this time, many people are unwilling to face the reality of their own defects and failures, but tend to use some mechanism to alleviate their discomfort and anxiety. This is the defense mechanism or adjustment mechanism. In the environment where we live, there are many situations that threaten the possibility of our psychological balance, and the defense mechanism protects us from possible harm at these critical moments. In fact, everyone has a set of self-protection mechanism psychologically, which can resist the crisis and gain self-liberation. So why is there such a psychological retreat? When I encounter problems that I can't solve, the real "I" flinches and tries to deal with setbacks in an unrealistic and fictional way to achieve psychological balance. This is why many people are not sociable in daily life, but they are surprisingly keen and lively in games and blogs. The "I" in the virtual world is constantly expanding, which makes the role-playing of individuals in real life gradually decrease.

Fourthly, the negative influence of the "Imperial House" on college students.

Although the "Imperial House" simplifies the life of college students, reduces the pressure, makes their life relatively more free, and enables them to find their favorite lifestyle, its negative effects far outweigh its benefits. It has a negative impact on college students' thinking, study, life and physical health.

1, ideological aspect

"Otaku" has been stuck in a relatively small circle for a long time and cannot communicate well with the outside world. There are many kinds of information on the internet now, which inevitably contains some bad information. Under the condition of long-term contact with this kind of information, some college students with unstable thoughts may have distorted values, deviated from the moral bottom line, and even embarked on the road of breaking the law and committing crimes.

Step 2 live

"Otaku" lives a lazy life, with three meals basically delivered by takeout, clothes often piled up in "hills", and what's more, they are too lazy to take care of personal hygiene and show people in a sloppy state all day. Being in this bad state for a long time will make the body in a sub-health state.

3. study.

Some college students "otaku" not only lead a lazy life, but also bring this attitude to their studies. In order to spend the "house" more thoroughly, he even refused the social activities of the class and skipped classes. , resulting in unsatisfactory final exam results, too many courses failed, unable to graduate.

4. Ability training.

The "otaku" who has been relying on the Internet for a long time can't get a good social promotion. When college students enter the campus to learn professional knowledge, they will also participate in some social practice activities to cultivate their abilities in all aspects. However, all aspects of otaku's life depend on the internet, which leads to their social and organizational skills not being well improved.

Verb (short for verb) solution

1, building a positive campus culture. Campus cultural activities have a subtle and far-reaching influence on students' outlook on life and values. Healthy and colorful campus cultural activities are permeable, persistent and selective to the formation of college students' personality. Carrying out campus cultural activities with rich contents and novel forms that can be accepted by college students can attract "otaku" out of the dormitory, actively participate in activities, cultivate sentiment, enrich spiritual life and sublimate moral realm, instead of just sitting in the dormitory surfing the Internet to kill time and play games.

2. Actively explore and innovate the teaching mode for college students. In dealing with college students' otaku, we should insist on teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, guide them according to their unique personality characteristics, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and encourage them to study hard and make achievements in their fields of interest, rather than simply entertaining and polishing time. At the same time, strengthening college students' mental health education, for college students, facing the pressure of employment and other parties, also needs psychological counseling, especially "otaku", because they like to be self-enclosed and psychological problems often occur, so it is imperative to strengthen their mental health education.

3. Strengthen communication between parents and children.

Parents are the children's first teachers, and family is the first place for college students to receive education. Equal dialogue between parents and children is conducive to the formation of positive and optimistic attitude towards life and the cultivation of independent personality of teenagers. Paying attention to children's physical and mental health is not only limited to providing material help for children, but more importantly, guiding and helping children face difficulties and challenges correctly.

4. College students "otaku" actively adjust their status and make plans for their own lives. When college students encounter pressure and frustration, they should deal with it with a positive attitude and solve it with an optimistic attitude. They should never choose the way to escape from the world, but learn to correct their mistakes and face the pressure calmly. College students should actively communicate with others, participate in various forms of realistic communication activities, and play their role in social groups, so as to realize their own value. In addition, we should maintain good living habits. Even if you stay at home, you should plan your daily life, arrange your schedule reasonably, and spend an hour or so doing outdoor activities every day.

Abstract of intransitive verbs

In this era of freedom, color and pursuit of individuality, everyone has the right to choose their own way of life without harming the interests of others and society. As bystanders, we don't have much right to comment on other people's lifestyles. We fully respect the "otaku culture", which is almost popular in universities at this stage. But as far as the long-term development of college students is concerned, this lifestyle is not desirable. Personalization can make us unique and creative beyond reality, but we can't ignore socialization. Only by stepping out of the tangible "house" and the intangible inner "house" can we have a more colorful life and live up to our university for four years.

References:

1 Liu Mei, Analysis and Countermeasures of College Students' Otaku Phenomenon, Vocational Education, 20 12.09.25.

2 Jason, psychological exploration of college students' otaku culture, Journal of Dazhou Vocational and Technical College, 2011.06.15.

3 Luo Fang, Analysis of the reasons for the emergence of "otaku" college students in China, Youth Years, 201.12.23.

4 Peng Qiong, the phenomenon of "otaku" and its psychological analysis, Judges Forum of Taoyuan County People's Court, Hunan Province, 20 1 1.03.29.