Financial planning refers to the use of scientific methods and specific procedures to develop practical and operational financial planning for customers, mainly including cash planning, consumption expenditure planning, education planning, risk management and insurance planning, tax planning, investment planning, retirement planning, property distribution and inheritance planning.

The purpose of financial planning is to enable customers to continuously improve their quality of life, even if they are old and weak or their income drops sharply, they can maintain the established standard of living. The goal of financial planning has two levels: financial security and financial freedom. Financial planning is a comprehensive process of evaluating the financial needs of individuals or families in all aspects. It is a comprehensive financial service that professional financial personnel analyze customers' life and financial situation by defining their financial objectives, so as to help customers make feasible financial plans.

Career introduction:

Financial planner is a professional who provides comprehensive financial planning for customers. According to the National Professional Standard for Financial Planners formulated by People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, a financial planner refers to a person who provides comprehensive financial consulting services for individuals, families, small and medium-sized enterprises and institutions by using the principles, techniques and methods of financial planning. Financial planning requires providing all-round services, so financial planners are required to master all kinds of financial tools and relevant laws and regulations, provide tailor-made and feasible financial plans for customers, and meet customers' long-term and ever-changing financial needs in the process of constantly revising the plans.

Work content:

In the practical work of financial planning, the goals of financial security and financial freedom are embodied in eight specific plans, such as cash planning, consumption expenditure planning, education planning, risk management and insurance planning, tax planning, investment planning, retirement planning, property distribution and inheritance planning, which are concentrated in the following eight aspects:

1. Necessary asset liquidity. Individuals hold cash mainly to meet daily expenses, emergency prevention and speculative needs. Individuals should ensure that they have enough funds to pay planned and unplanned expenses, so financial planners should not only ensure the liquidity of customers' funds, but also consider the holding cost of cash, make cash on hand meet short-term needs through cash planning, and meet expected cash expenditures through various short-term investment tools.

2. Reasonable consumption expenditure. The primary goal of personal financial management is not to maximize personal value, but to make personal financial situation stable and reasonable. In real life, reducing personal expenses is sometimes easier to achieve financial goals than seeking high return on investment. Through consumption expenditure planning, personal consumption expenditure is reasonable, and the household income and expenditure structure is generally balanced.

3. Realize educational expectations. Education is the foundation of life. With the changes of the times, people's requirements for education are getting higher and higher. Coupled with the increasing education expenditure, the proportion of education expenditure is increasing. Customers need to plan their education expenses as early as possible, make a reasonable financial plan, and ensure that they have the ability to pay their own and their children's education expenses reasonably in the future, so as to fully meet the educational expectations of individuals (families).

4. Complete risk protection. In one's life, risks are everywhere. Financial planners make appropriate financial arrangements through risk management and insurance planning to minimize the losses caused by accidents, so that customers can better avoid risks and protect their lives.

5. Reasonable tax payment arrangements. Paying taxes is everyone's legal obligation, but taxpayers often want to minimize their tax burden. In order to achieve this goal, financial planners make full use of the preferential and differential treatment stipulated in the tax law, and appropriately reduce or delay the tax expenditure by pre-planning and arranging the taxpayer's economic activities such as operation, investment and financial management.

6. accumulate wealth. The increase of personal wealth can be achieved by reducing expenditure, but the absolute increase of personal wealth will ultimately be achieved by increasing income. Wage income is limited, and investment is completely characterized by actively striving for higher returns. The rapid accumulation of personal wealth is mainly achieved through investment. Financial planners can determine effective investment schemes according to financial objectives, personal investable amount and risk tolerance, so that investment will bring more and more income to individuals or families, gradually become the main source of income for individuals or families, and finally reach the level of financial freedom.

7. Enjoy your old age. When people reach old age, their income ability will inevitably decline. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out financial planning in the middle-aged and young people in order to achieve the dignified and independent life goal of "providing for the elderly, having a proper end and enjoying the old age".

8. Ideal property distribution and inheritance. Property distribution and inheritance is an inevitable part of personal financial planning. Financial planners should try their best to reduce the expenses incurred in the process of property distribution and inheritance, assist customers to distribute property reasonably and meet the needs of family members at different stages of family development. It is necessary to choose estate management tools and make estate distribution plans to ensure that family property can be passed down from generation to generation when customers die or lose their capacity.

Career development and prospects:

With the rapid development of China's economy in the past 30 years, the middle class and wealthy class are rapidly forming, and a considerable number of them are gradually developing from the stage of radical investment and rapid accumulation of wealth to the direction of steady and conservative investment, capital security and comprehensive financial management, so the demand for financial planners who can provide objective and comprehensive financial management services is growing rapidly. According to McKinsey's survey, China's personal financial market will grow to $57 billion in 2006, and professional financial management will become one of the most potential financial businesses in China. In contrast to the rising demand for financial services, the number of financial planners in China is obviously insufficient. The scale of China's domestic wealth management market far exceeds 654.38 billion yuan. A mature financial market requires at least one professional financial planner in every three families. Therefore, there is a gap of 200,000 financial planners in China and more than 30,000 in Beijing alone. In China, less than 65,438+00% of consumers' wealth has been professionally managed, compared with 58% in the United States.

Financial planners can not only serve financial institutions, such as commercial banks and insurance companies, but also practice independently and provide financial services to customers as a third party. 1997 The average annual salary of financial planners in the United States was $65,438 +0 1 10,000, which was equivalent to the middle managers of large companies. The difference is that many of them only work 600 hours a year. In 200 1 America's "Job Evaluation" ranking, financial planners ranked first, including the presidency.

So what's the salary of this new job? It is understood that the average annual income of financial planners in the United States is 65,438+065,438+000,000 US dollars, and the highest income of financial planners in Hong Kong last year reached more than 2 million Hong Kong dollars. Liu Yanbin, secretary general of the National Expert Committee of Financial Planners, believes that the annual salary of domestic financial planners "should be between100000 yuan and100000 yuan". With reference to the macroeconomic situation in China, it is not difficult to predict that financial planner will become another golden collar career with broad development prospects in China after lawyers and certified public accountants.

Personal financial planning is the top priority of financial planning. Personal financial planning is a long-term process, a process of striving to achieve lifelong financial security, autonomy, freedom and freedom; For customers, financial planning is also a comprehensive service. It is a comprehensive financial service, in which professional financial personnel analyze the life and financial situation of individual customers by defining their financial objectives, so as to help customers make feasible financial plans. It is not limited to providing a single financial product, but provides all-round, multi-level and personalized services for various financial objectives of customers at different stages. The specific contents of personal financial planning include cash planning, consumption expenditure planning, education planning, risk management and insurance planning, tax planning, investment planning, retirement planning, property distribution and inheritance planning.

Practitioners who specialize in financial planning are called financial planners. Financial planners serve customers faithfully and objectively for a long time, and often enjoy the status of quasi-family members in many families.

It is generally believed that modern financial planning originated from American insurance industry in 1930s. After World War II, economic recovery and social wealth accumulation made American personal financial planning take off. The professional certification of financial planners in the United States has played a key role in promoting the development of personal financial planning industry in the United States and even in the world, making financial planning business gradually develop into an independent financial service industry, and a professional technician with objective and fair practice criteria-financial planner has emerged. Their main business is no longer to obtain commission by selling financial products and services, but to help customers achieve their life and financial goals, conduct professional consultation, and implement financial advice through standardized personal financial service processes to prevent customers' interests from being infringed.

Since the reform and opening up, China's GDP has increased by 9.5% annually. It is the fastest growing country in the world, which is three times the average annual growth rate of the world economy in the same period. The middle class and the extremely rich are rapidly forming, and quite a few people's financial management concepts are gradually developing from the stage of radical investment and rapid accumulation of wealth to the direction of steady and conservative investment, capital security and comprehensive financial management. Therefore, the demand for financial planners who can provide objective and comprehensive financial management services is growing rapidly, and China has become one of the countries with the fastest development of personal financial management business in the world.

At present, the concept of financial planning has been gradually known in the financial industry, especially in insurance companies and commercial banks. Many insurance companies and commercial banks have set up special personal finance studios or financial departments to provide customers with corresponding financial services.

In view of the strong social demand for financial planners and the lack of national standards for financial planners, the National Professional Appraisal Center organized relevant experts to formulate the National Professional Standards for Financial Planners according to China's national conditions, which came into effect on June 5438+1October 23, 2003, thus formally defining financial planning as a profession. In August 2005, the National Professional Appraisal Center entrusted Beijing Oriental Wall Financial Consulting Co., Ltd. and School of Finance and Finance of Renmin University of China to hold the first pilot training course for financial planners in Beijing. The students then took part in the national experimental appraisal examination for financial planners organized by the National Vocational Appraisal Center, and all the students who passed the examination obtained the national vocational qualification certificate for financial planners.