People's education printing plate eighth grade second volume Chinese final examination questions
A cumulative application (28 points)
1. One of the following correctly pronounced words is () (2 points).
A. rivets (mo) provoke (x? N) take up (jū) a long trip (b? )
B.piāo is responsible for (ji? ) shiny (z? Ng) lifelike (xi? o)
C. Attraction (L? I) molar (g? ) get to work (h? ) Melissa Zhou (z? I)
D. Huan Chu (ch? )(b？ ) rodents (ni? ) flying sand and stones (l? )
2. The following words are completely correct () (2 points)
A. wolves are everywhere, and the door is bright and the eyebrows are quiet.
B: There is no doubt that shadows reflect the whole picture of snow.
C. bleak and awe-inspiring, as the name implies, Long Yinfeng.
D. The black-faced criminal was very angry.
3. Fill in the words in the horizontal lines below in turn. The appropriate group is () (2 points)
(1) 16 years later, the explorer Yu Chunshun was there again and was killed, which added some color to lop Nur.
(2) Then there are those who sell vegetables and flowers. They pay attention to singing all the goods on the pickaxe and using their voices to customers.
(3)? I was born to be useful? This is not a poet, but in the case of talent, I still hope to make great achievements one day.
A. hazy attracts arrogance. B. mysterious greetings, arrogance
C. Hazy greetings Yelang arrogance D. Mysterious attraction arrogance
4. The one that is not bad in the following sentences is () (2 points)
A. When purchasing stationery, consumers should try to choose an eraser without peculiar smell, a correction fluid without pungent smell and school supplies.
B. In order to avoid similar problems, on the one hand, we should pay attention to it ideologically, on the other hand, we should further strengthen management.
C. In order to make the sky bluer, the water clearer and the mountains greener, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of ecological environment and raise people's awareness of environmental protection.
D the survey results show that about 90% of the passengers who have used wireless network service in the air are willing to sacrifice their comfortable seats in exchange for wireless network service.
5. Use correct punctuation marks () in the following sentences (2 points)
A. a word reminds me that it is not authentic hometown flavor after all. But where can I find my real family?
B.a young man shouted at the mouth of the cave. Hey! Come out! ?
C. Save Qinghai Lake, save Crescent Moon Spring, and save all places that are about to become deserts due to human intervention.
D. Now there is another name in Beijing, that is? Popsicles are three points short. ?
6. Fill in the blanks by reading literary common sense or famous books. (4 points)
(1) The story of Xiaoshitang is selected from (the author's).
(2) who is the famous French writer Roman? Roland wrote biographies for three great artists. Please accumulate answers according to your reading.
If he wants to build a monument, he will spend years choosing materials in the quarry and building a road to transport them; He wants to be a generalist: an engineer and a stonemason; He wants to build his own palace and church by himself. This is simply the life of a criminal. He can't even find time to eat and sleep.
Until that day, despair broke out, perhaps because of the crazy hurricane before his death. He suddenly left his residence, wandered around, fled, stayed in a monastery, and then continued on his way. Finally, he fell ill on the way. In an unknown town, he couldn't afford to get sick. He cried in his hospital bed, not for himself, but for those unfortunate people.
From the first clip? Him? Refers to; From the second clip? Him? It means.
7. Fill in the blanks in the following famous sentences. (8 points)
(1), the grass color is far but not near. (Han Yu's "Giving Eighteen Members to Zhang Shui Department in Early Spring")
(2) Wan Muchun walked in front of the sick tree. (Liu Yuxi's "The First Meeting in Yangzhou")
(3) But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with a sword. (Li Bai's "Xuanzhou Xie Tiao Loushuyun")
(4) Who hasn't died since ancient times? (Wen Tianxiang's "Crossing the Dingding Ocean")
All the poor people in the world are smiling. (Du Fu's Autumn Wind Breaking the Cottage)
(6) Be quiet and talk less. (Tao Yuanming's Biography of Mr. Wuliu)
(7), I hope to rest; He who is in charge of the affairs of the world looks at the valley and forgets to betray. (Wu Jun and Zhu Shu)
The sand sea ice is deep and deep. (Cen Can's "Bai Xuege Farewell Tian Shuji Wu Home")
8. Read the following materials and extract the main information in concise language. (3 points)
Recently, the Office of the Education Steering Committee of the State Council issued the "Notice on Carrying out Special Governance in school bullying", requiring all local primary and secondary schools to carry out special governance on school bullying's behavior of intentionally or maliciously bullying and insulting students through body, language and internet. This special treatment covers primary and secondary schools across the country, including secondary vocational schools. It is divided into two stages. The first stage is from April to July, mainly for school governance; The second stage is from September to 65438+February, which mainly carries out special supervision.
9. According to the context, imitate the underlined sentences and complete the following sentences. (3 points)
The vast Yangtze River, the majestic Great Wall, beautiful mountains and rivers, local conditions and customs, the beauty of China, colorful: the beauty of China lies in martial arts, swords and shadows, dancing charm; The beauty lies in music, playing drums and flutes and playing beautiful melodies; , , 。
Second, reading comprehension (42 points)
(1) Read the following poem and complete the question 10. (4 points)
It's hard to go (1)/ Li Bai
The cost of pure wine is a gold cup, 10 thousand copper coins and a hip flask, and I am ashamed of 10 thousand yuan.
?
One day, I will ride the wind and waves, raise the Yun Fan and cross the sea.
10.( 1)? I will sit on a fishing rod and lean lazily by the stream, but I suddenly dream of sailing a boat towards the sun. ? The two sentences are well written. Please analyze them briefly. (2 points)
(2) How does this poem express the author's feelings? (2 points)
(2) Read the following classical Chinese and complete 1 1 ~ 15. (15)
[Answer] If it rains, the moon will not open, the evil wind will howl, and the turbid waves will be empty; The sun, moon and stars are hidden, and the mountains are hidden; Business travel is bad and ruined; Twilight is boundless, tigers roar and apes crow. When you go to the temple building, you are homesick, sad, sad and sad.
If it is spring, it is calm and the sky is high and the clouds are light; Sha Ou Ji Xiang, swimming in the brocade scale; The coast is blue and green. Or the long smoke is exhausted, the bright moon is thousands of miles away, the light is shining, the static shadow is sinking, and the fishing songs are answered. How happy I am! When you arrive at Dunsi Building, you will feel relaxed and happy, forget the humiliation, and leave the wine in the wind, which will make you feel happy.
Hey, honey! Is it to taste the heart of the ancient benevolent, or to do something different? Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself; If you live high in a temple, you will worry about your people; If you stay away from the Jianghu, you will worry about your husband. It's worrying about going in and going out. But when will you be happy? Do you have to say it? Worry about the world first, and enjoy it later? Huh? Hey! Wes, who are we going home with?
[B] Teng Amethyst is a great genius, and he is a taboo for many people. Since Qingyang is handsome and embarrassed, she is quite angry. In the same year, Zheng Wen was friendly, loved his talents and was afraid of future disasters. But Teng Hao's conceit is rare, and he suffers from no gap. Amethyst suddenly came to Zheng Wen with a book and asked for The Story of Yueyang Tower. Therefore, "Ji" in the cloud:? Don't worry about things, don't worry about yourself, worry about the world first, and then enjoy the world? , its meaning is covered.
[Note] ① Negative: Dependence. 2 Delay: Legacy.
1 1. Explain the words added in the following sentences. (3 points)
(1) It rained so hard that I couldn't even open the month () (2) I was relaxed and happy, embarrassed and forgot ().
(3) There is no gap between positive and negative ()
12. One of the following sentences with the same meaning is () (2 points)
A. or the difference between the two is a taboo for everyone.
B. Happy people will worry about their own people if they live in a temple.
C. don't go with the flow, you can't swim.
D Amethyst suddenly came to Zheng Wen with a book, namely four sentences of calligraphy and poetry.
13. Correct understanding of the content or writing of the following article is () (2 points).
A.？ Twilight, tigers howling and apes crying? It is a real scene, which renders a sad and miserable atmosphere and sets off the sadness of those who climb the stairs.
B.？ Floating and jumping gold, still shadows and heavy walls? Through metaphor, antithesis and other rhetorical devices, the color state of light and shadow when moving and static is vividly written, giving people a sense of beauty.
C.？ Hey! Wes, who are we? Who are we? This exclamation reveals the author's pessimism.
D. the author wrote the different landscapes of these two pictures and the two different feelings caused by them, in order to highlight? Red lotus? The noble sentiment of worrying about the country and the people.
14. Fan Zhongyan proposed it more than 900 years ago? Worry about the world first, and enjoy it later? His thoughts are regarded as the motto by countless people with lofty ideals. Connecting with social life, talk about the practical significance of this thought today.
15. Translate the following sentences into modern Chinese. (5 points)
(1) Don't rejoice in things, don't grieve for yourself.
(2) Qingyang has been quite resentful and depressed since he was appointed as the commander-in-chief of Baling.
(3) Read the following and answer the question 16 ~ 18. (8 points)
Insect-resistant adventure of plants
In the long process of evolution, plants have developed a skill to prevent insect bites.
From the moment people are born, they have to fight against all kinds of germs. Fortunately, the baby's immune system will gradually develop and form, which can kill many germs. Similarly, plants will encounter all kinds of insects and germs during their growth. In the long process of evolution, plants have evolved a set of complex defense measures to resist the invasion of insects and germs.
Some researchers are interested in the methods of plant diseases and insect pests control, hoping to understand nature and help agricultural production by studying the methods of plant diseases and insect pests control.
When an insect bites, the sentry signals.
This factory began to produce toxic nicotine.
Tobacco is one of the pillar industries in Yunnan. There is a compound called nicotine in this plant. Nicotine is an alkaloid in Nicotiana of Solanaceae and one of the important components of tobacco. It can make people addicted or dependent (one of the most difficult drug addiction to quit). Repeated use of nicotine will increase the heart rate, blood pressure and appetite. Large doses of nicotine can cause vomiting and nausea, and in severe cases people will die. Tobacco usually contains nicotine, which is an important reason why many smokers can't quit smoking.
However, nicotine is a very good insect-resistant compound. After tobacco plants are bitten by insects, sentry? Is that the sensory system of plants will send out a signal of being attacked, and this signal will eventually be transmitted through a very complicated mechanism? Production plant? Ordered the production of nicotine in order to use this neurotoxin for defense.
Interestingly, nicotine in Nicotiana is synthesized only in roots, not in leaves and stems. In other words, after the leaves feel the insect bite, they will send a signal to the nicotine factory at the root and start to produce nicotine. Of course, plant defense against insects is not without cost. For example, synthesizing nicotine is very expensive, because nicotine contains nitrogen, which is used to synthesize nutrients needed for plant growth. Therefore, synthetic nicotine used for insect resistance will slow down the growth rate of plants.
Nicotine is produced and transported to stems and leaves. Do bugs still need nicotine leaves after eating them? Detoxification? This process. This process is also a time-consuming and laborious thing for insects. If the worm does not evolve a detoxification mechanism, it will be poisoned and die. However, insects have also evolved the ability to develop resistance to plant insect-resistant compounds. For example, the tobacco moth is an insect that is very tolerant to nicotine. If the tolerance of tobacco moths is compared with that of human beings, the tolerance of human beings is too low. This is the result of insect adaptation and evolution.
Nicotine is just one of the unique insect-resistant ways of Nicotiana plants. Plants contain a variety of secondary metabolites, many of which have insect-resistant functions, such as gossypol in cotton and capsaicin in pepper, and are also compounds used by plants to resist insects.
Different means of two tobacco varieties
Growth or defense
For plants, when insects come to bite, they have to decide whether to concentrate on defense or continue to grow rapidly. If the defense cost is high to a certain extent, some plants would rather not fully defend themselves and choose to grow rapidly.
People put forward this theory a long time ago, and a good example to test this theory is tobacco. In Utah and Arizona, there are two kinds of the same wild tobacco. The researchers did a study to put the same bugs on these two kinds of tobacco to see if their reactions were the same. It is found that wild tobacco in Utah is very resistant and produces a lot of nicotine to defend against insects. On the other hand, wild tobacco in Arizona does not react strongly, but grows rapidly.
The wild tobacco in Arizona grows, blooms and bears fruit quickly, and it uses the time of insect bites to complete the mission of sowing future generations. In other words, the focus of this wild tobacco is not defense, but growth to deal with pests. After further research, it is believed that this is related to the living environment of wild tobacco in Arizona. The pests here are not very strong. Wild tobacco can deal with pests by completing the life process of flowering and fruiting as soon as possible, without paying too much attention to insects.
Of course, there are many ways for plants to prevent insects. Some plants will produce some special smells after encountering pests, attracting natural enemies of insects to feed, thus playing a defensive role; After being attacked by pests, other plants will use the early warning signals generated by other plants to make themselves react quickly and help them resist the enemy.
16. What anti-insect methods are introduced in this paper? Please summarize it briefly. (3 points)
17. Write out the explanation method of underlined sentences in the text and analyze its explanation effect. (3 points)
18. According to the content of the article, the following items are incorrect (2 points).
A. If the tolerance of tobacco moths is compared with that of people, the tolerance of people is too low.
In tobacco, nicotine is synthesized only in stems, not in leaves and roots.
C. Nicotine is just one of the unique insect-resistant ways of Nicotiana plants.
D. If the defense cost is high to a certain extent, some plants would rather not fully defend themselves and choose to grow rapidly.
Read the following and answer the questions 19 ~ 22. (15)
? Bad boy? And a good partner.
Cheng manqi
Meng Mu's three moves made a much-told story. And when I was a child, I moved once and met a group of people? Bad guys? .
? Bad guys? The children's gathering place is Class Two, Grade One, a primary school in Hubei Province. This primary school is located in the old city of my hometown, with a mixed bag of good and evil people and a strong atmosphere of the city. Compared with the virtuous children in the primary school before I transferred to another school, the children here have wonderful personalities and different postures.
The first one to show up? Bad guys? Is it pungent? Jie Jiang? . She has nothing in common with Jiang Jie in spirit and temperament. She won the title of revolutionary martyr simply because of her surname. When I first met Jiang Jie in Class One and Two, she was taking the lead in destroying public property and cutting chalk. She used a small blade to cut different colors of chalk into fine powder, then mixed it with water and took it to the corridor to dry to make new chalk.
This activity swept the campus when I first transferred to this school. Class is over, everyone should cut pens. I saw a pair of small hands intently cutting chalk with small blades. On the table, on the bench and on the corridor guardrail, it was really a campus scene.
Soon, I also took the initiative to join the army of cutting chalk. I met some people who cut chalk together. Pen pal? I passed the critical period when I first transferred to another school. Now that I think about it, I really want to thank them for being me Break into pieces? Chalk.
When I was in fifth grade, I saw a real one? Bad guys? . He was sitting at the back of the classroom, one in a row. From this special seat, we can see his special position in our class. Is he the number one problem student? Jujube master? . ? Jujube master? His parents are not around. He ran away from home several times. When he didn't run away from home, he stayed at the home of another classmate who opened a mahjong room.
? Jujube master? He is small, his eyes are sly, and his hair stuck to his forehead is black and oily. One noon, he swaggered into the classroom in an ill-fitting suit and an exaggerated gold ring. He said that he joined a gang and he was very proud of the clothes made of terrible materials.
For those who have special ambitions? Jujube master? Generally speaking, joining a gang and becoming a gangster really found an organization. His ambition is terrible. Kill a person. This man is his uncle and is still in prison. One night many years ago? Jujube master? My uncle got into an argument when he was drunk. Jujube master? Father went to stop the fight, and uncle slipped? Jujube master? His father and brother were killed.
? When he comes out, I'll do it myself, okay? I can't forget? Jujube master? Resentful, seems a little proud of the way we talk. I sympathize with him and admire him.
Ever since I cut the chalk, I've gradually integrated into it? Bad guys? Our group. Chalk scissors were only popular for a while, but? Contract area? But it has been swept for five years. Sweep the floor, right? Bad guys? We are best at having fun in the children's routine carnival every morning.
The cleaning activities of our class are organized by life Committee member Kuang. Commissioner Kuang's parents sell vegetables in the market. He gets up at 4 o'clock every morning, gets on a tricycle and follows his parents to the riverside ferry to drag vegetables for sale. So he is always the first in the class to arrive at school every morning and is responsible for keeping the class key.
As far as I can remember, I only arrived twice earlier than Commissioner Kuang. While waiting for him to open the door, I looked at the sky before the sun rose. Once I saw a huge moon, and once I saw clouds as regular as the spiral line on reading glasses. This is also one of our carnival activities: sharing all kinds of anecdotes in the morning. Some people have seen the flickering lights in the empty music classroom and the giant spiders lying in the dilapidated indoor basketball hall.
Commissioner Kuang himself is honest and diligent. As a member, his greatest leadership ability is to let others go? Bad guys? Act rashly: some people play with broadswords with brooms, while others compare themselves to cleaning dust. Rainy days are the best, and the best of them is heavy rain. Water accumulated on the cinder track at the ankle. Everyone took off their shoes and paddled casually, and the big broom brought out water drops with a wave of his hand. If we catch up with spring, it will be more lively. Boys will pick up a Yang Shuhua and pretend to be a caterpillar to scare girls. Frightened girls will immediately beat boys with super physique in primary school. Really? Bad guys? Encounter? Bad guys? Yes But the strange thing is, bad people? The results of children's sweeping have always been good.
Thank you. From elementary school? Bad guys? Guys, they don't bore me at all, this kind? Not boring? Based on what? Diversity? Top: Is there life here? Waste? Are you online? Useless? Things? Bad guys? With a tragic color? Bad guys? And reform and frolic labor? Bad guys? Even when I was a child, life was so colorful that everyone was full of extraordinary imagination.
(Excerpted from China Youth Daily on April 8, 20 15, with abridgement)
20. What does the article say? Jie Jiang? And then what? Jujube master? There are many paragraphs in, please choose one of them. Bad guys? Talk about the deep impression he (she) left on you. (3 points)
2 1. Please choose your own angle and taste the underlined sentences in the text. (4 points)
? Jujube master? He is small, his eyes are sly, and his hair stuck to his forehead is black and oily.
What did the last paragraph of the article say? Is there life here? Waste? Are you online? Useless? Things? Bad guys? With a tragic color? Bad guys? And reform and frolic labor? Bad guys, these three categories? Bad guys? Can you reverse the order? Why? (4 points)
23.？ Bad boy? How does it work? Good partner? And then what? Combine the content of the article and talk about your understanding of the topic. (4 points)
Three, writing expression (50 points)
23. Read the following text and write as required.
Needless to say, mothers use their lives to save children in distress, and police use their blood to safeguard people's interests. Needless to say, people in adversity work miracles. Amazingly, an ordinary seed can separate hard bones, a butterfly can spread its wings to set off a typhoon, and a cactus that has been dry for months can also blossom. Even when we wake up quietly from a deep sleep in the air-like happiness and suddenly stop in the hurried journey of life, we often find that in the ordinary world where we live, there are so many people, sights, events and things that are so touching, thrilling, thought-provoking and thought-provoking, that we can't help but be shocked, impressed, admired and admired. Then let's bow deeply for it!
Please use it? Bow to who? Write an article on this topic.
Requirements:
(1) Complete the topic; (2) self-selected style (except poetry), not less than 600 words; (3) Combined with your own life experience, your feelings are sincere. Do not copy or copy; (4) Real names such as names of people, places and schools shall not appear in the text.
People's Education Publishing House, Grade Eight, Volume Two, Chinese Final Examination Paper Reference Answer
I. 1. (2 points) D 2. (2 points) C 3. (2 points) D 4. (2 points) B 5. (2 points) a.
6.(4 points) (1) Liu Zongyuan's "Liuhe East Collection" (2) Michelangelolev? Tolstoy (65438+ 0 points per grid)
7.(8 points) (1) Tianjie is rainy and crisp; (2) Qian Fan by the shipwreck; (3) Raise a glass to dispel worries; (4) Keep the heart of Dan as a mirror; (5) There are thousands of buildings in Ande; (6) No envy; (7) People who fly kites against the sky; (8) Clouds are bleak and Wan Li is condensed (every air).
8 (3 points) the State Council requires all primary and secondary schools to carry out special treatment in school bullying.
9.(3 points) For example, the beauty lies in the drama, which is pure and ugly, and interprets the joys and sorrows of life. Beauty lies in literature, in poetry and prose, and in the expression of splendid culture. Beauty lies in Chinese characters, which have a long history of civilization. The beauty lies in architecture, pavilions and pavilions, showing exquisite layout.
2.( 1) 10.(4 points) (1)(2 points) Use of allusions. Go fishing? Compared with Jiang Shang, to? Dream day? Compared with Yi Yin, (1) expresses the poet's strong desire to be appreciated by wise masters one day and to display his talents and ambitions. (1) (2)(2) Expressed the poet's optimistic and confident attitude towards life when he encountered difficulties on the political road. (or expressed his strong desire to show his talents and ambitions in the face of rough life. ) (2 points)
(2) 1 1.(3 points) (1) Clear (2) All, (3) Admonish (1 point per grid)
12.(2 points) c
13.(2 points) b
14.(3 points)? Take the world as one's own responsibility and worry about the country and the people; Suffer hardships first, then have fun, work hard and contribute to society? Just wait for an answer.
15.(5 points) (1) Don't be happy or sad because of external things (good or bad) and your own things (gains and losses). (2 points) (2) Since the commander-in-chief of Qingyang was demoted to Baling County, his grief and depression have often been manifested in the article and on his face. (3 points)
(3) 16.(3 points) ① Nicotine is one of the unique insect-resistant ways of Nicotiana plants; (2) Some wild tobaccos use concentrated growth to deal with pests; (3) Some plants will produce some special smells after encountering pests, attracting natural enemies of insects to feed, thus playing a defensive role; (4) After being attacked by pests, other plants will use the early warning signals generated by other plants to make themselves react quickly to resist the enemy. (65438+ 0 points per minute, only 3 points)
17.(3 points). (1) Through comparison, readers can clearly understand that Utah wild tobacco and Arizona wild tobacco have adopted different ways to defend against pests because of their different resistances, which left a deep impression on readers and enhanced the effect of explanation. (2 points for analysis)
18. b (2 points)
(4) 20.(3 points) Example 1: Jiang Jie is a very provocative girl, because she is curious and playful, she does not hesitate to destroy public property. Example 2:? Jujube master? He is a heartless, undisciplined and ill-mannered problem of juvenile. (meaning close)
2 1.(4 points) This sentence is vividly written through the description of appearance and manner? Jujube master? He is short, sloppy, lazy and cunning, which left a deep impression on readers. (meaning close)
22.(4 points) Irreversible. What are the three categories listed here? Bad guys? Corresponding to the above, it is a sequence. On the other hand, it can't reflect the relationship before and after, and the ending paragraph can't close the full text. (meaning close)
23.(4 points)? Jie Jiang? Although wasting time on useless things? Sharpen chalk? Yes, but this matter has been solved? Me? Discomfort caused by transfer; ? Jujube master? Want to be a gangster and avenge my father, although there are some violent tendencies? Tragic color? , but he let? Me? Recognize the hard side of life; Those who change their play in labor? Bad guys? But what about them? The results of sweeping the floor have always been good? . All this, in the author's view, is not malicious, but a kind of innocent and lovely performance. So, what did you meet in primary school? Bad boy? Good partner, too. Partner? Me? Grow up slowly. (meaning close)
Three, twenty-three It is divided into five categories from four aspects: content, language, structure and writing.
A kind of paper (45 ~ 50 points): the center is prominent, related to the topic, and the content is substantial; Accurate language and fluent writing; The structure is complete and distinct; Write correctly, neatly and clearly. (Up and down based on 47 points)
Volume 2 (38 ~ 44 points): define the center and specific content; Fluent language, complete structure and clear hierarchy; The font is correct, and the typos and punctuation errors are below 3. (Based on 4 1 Up and Down)
Three types of volumes (30 ~ 37 points): the center is basically clear and the content is more specific; The language is basically fluent, with occasional language barriers; The structure is basically complete and the level is clear; Clear handwriting, typos and punctuation errors below 10. (Up and down with 34 points as the benchmark)
Four types of volumes (2 1 ~ 29 points): the center is not clear and the content is not specific; There are more language diseases; The level is not clear enough; The handwriting is scrawled, and there are many typos and punctuation errors. (Up and down are based on 25 points)
Five types of papers (less than 20 points): seriously deviating from the meaning of the question; Unreasonable arts and sciences; Structural confusion; The font is ugly, the handwriting is vague, there are many typos, and you can't use punctuation.
Description:
After giving the total score of candidates' compositions according to the above grading standards, what are the first and second types of compositions respectively? Profound, rich, literary and innovative? One of the four requirements, add 2 ~ 5 points on the basis of a given score, but the total score does not exceed 50 points.