Taekwondo has developed into a diversified project from the competitive field in the early 1990s. The quality of Taekwondo has changed the image of simple fighting in early Taekwondo, which shows that Taekwondo, as an aesthetic wonderful sport integrating spirit, mind, body and self-protection, embodies the harmony between static and dynamic, and the combination of internal force and external performance. The following is "the development of Taekwondo products in recent years", I hope it will help you!
This paper deeply analyzes the definition, classification, concept and importance of Taekwondo quality, summarizes the theory and practice methods of Taekwondo quality training, and summarizes the direction and trend of Taekwondo quality development.
1 Introduction
Taekwondo originated from a martial arts sport on the Korean peninsula, which mainly uses hands and feet for confrontation and confrontation. A part of budo taekwondo has been successfully transformed into a modern sport [1]. Taekwondo training includes quality, competition, skill breakthrough, Taekwondo dance and stunt.
Taekwondo quality is a fixed routine that combines various offensive and defensive actions according to certain rules; It not only contains the most basic technical actions, but also contains ever-changing technical skills. Taekwondo practitioners take technical attack as the main content, and arrange their own training products through offensive and defensive actions to achieve the purpose of strengthening the body and exercising the will.
2 basic theory of Taekwondo quality
2. 1 Definition of Taekwondo Quality
Quality is an exercise system that integrates defense and attack according to basic movements. Pose is a technique that assumes a real battle and strikes back when the other side attacks. That is to say, the training system of determining the opponent's attack first and then practicing with appropriate techniques [2]. Quality is allocated according to the strength and level of practitioners, and a quality can be composed of 20~30 technical movements. The name product potential is of great significance. Product refers to "appearance" and potential refers to "momentum". It is not difficult to see from the above names that the production potential is not only the external technical action, but also the internal driving force of its action [3].
2.2 Classification of Taekwondo Product Potential
Taekwondo is divided into prescribed quality and self-created quality according to its content. The required qualities are designated by the National Institute of Technology, and the qualities that must be practiced in the process of Taekwondo practice are divided into the following: black belt (Chapter 1 to Chapter 8 of Taiji) (Chapter 1 to Chapter 8 of Bagua Palm) and black belt (Koryo, King Kong, Taibai, Pingyuan, Jin Shi, ground Taekwondo, Tianquan and Ru Ru). The designated product is the designated product designated as the assessment content during the grade review. Self-created quality is the quality of adapting taekwondo skills according to your own ideas.
2.3 Philosophy of Taekwondo Product Potential
Taekwondo contains four basic philosophical ideas [4][5].
(1) defense thought. Defense is an effective way to deal with the enemy's attack. Defense is forced by the enemy, but as a large-scale action, defense can also be produced on its own initiative. Quality usually starts with blocking and ends with attacking.
(2) Oriental thought. Taekwondo products contain oriental ideas, and ideas such as Taiji, Bagua and Koryo all have concrete actions in the products.
(3) Practice repeatedly. Pinshen is a well-designed training system, which exercises itself according to a series of basic movements. Through numerous repeated exercises, the body can become an automatic response system. It takes countless times of repeated practice to master a product completely, in order to see through the technical significance and philosophy of each action and reach the realm of self-realization.
(4) Dynamic meditation. Quality training is a dynamic meditation process, which aims to achieve a state of unity of body and mind by unifying breathing and movements. Because dynamic meditation accelerates internal qi and relaxes mental state, it can help trainers acquire elegant behavior and psychology.
2.4 The importance of quality training in Taekwondo
Taekwondo quality training has no rivals, so there is no danger. It is a very safe sports activity. In recent years, quality training has been regarded as a healthy sport. Quality training is considered to have the physiological function of helping trainers move their bodies and limbs freely. More and more people continue to pay attention to maintaining mental and physical health through quality training.
Quality training is a way to learn face-to-face fighting techniques for practical application. The purpose of quality training is to help trainers directly apply the skills they have learned to actual situations through repeated attack and defense techniques, so as to protect themselves from infringement in an emergency.
2.5 Taekwondo quality training principles
2.5. 1 Five stages of taekwondo quality training
According to the definition of quality training stage by Korea National Institute of Technology, quality training has five stages [6].
(1) type. The first stage of quality practice is to learn the form of action, focusing on shouting, sight, composition and angle, with the goal of accuracy.
(2) significance. After understanding the form, we need to clearly know the meaning of action, the meaning of connection with action, and the meaning of the whole product.
(3) Practical. Be able to apply product momentum to actual combat.
(4) self-flow. The techniques and effects used in actual combat should be evaluated and transformed according to their size, speed, strength and explosive power. You should find the most outstanding and effective technology to make them a part of your body.
(5) It has been completed. Develop from the stage of self-mobility, and understand the true spirit of Taekwondo. Fully digest Taekwondo skills and fully achieve the highest level of Taekwondo.
2.5.2 Problems exposed in Taekwondo quality training
In the quality training and competition of Taekwondo, some practitioners have exposed quite a few problems, which are summarized as follows.
First, principles. Practitioners lack understanding of every technical action and related characteristics in product potential, and their understanding of the technical content and characteristics of product potential is very low.
Second, line of sight. In quality training, if the eyes, hands and feet are out of sync at the same time, or turn your head before making the next move, the opponent will be ready to fight back faster because he has shown his skills to his opponent. In addition, practitioners will close their eyes when they concentrate, and will fall down because they can't see the object.
Third, posture. Some practitioners can't keep balance due to the movement of the center of gravity, which leads to problems such as accuracy and speed. In addition, the practitioner's basic posture is too large, which leads to slow rotation and wastes unnecessary energy. Finally, in quality training, practitioners bend over and rebound straight when their center of gravity moves, which is likely to lose their center of gravity and accuracy.
Fourth, hand technology. First of all, some practitioners are too relaxed when hitting the last point. Secondly, the practitioner ignores the action of blocking the hand and attaches importance to the subsequent attack technique. Then, the practitioner over-magnifies the sound made by the friction between the fist and the robe. Finally, the up-and-down movement of quality practitioners' shoulders will cause the instability of the body's center of gravity, which will lead to problems such as accuracy, speed, agility and strength.
Fifth, the technology of feet. Some practitioners stay in the air for too long at the last moment of kicking, so that they will be caught by their opponents in actual combat. Moreover, it is noisy when landing, and it is not easy to connect the next action quickly and smoothly. In addition, some practitioners kick too high and attack targets beyond their own scope, making it difficult to master accuracy and balance.
Sixth, strength. Practitioners exert too much force in the preparation stage of the action, which destroys the accuracy and speed of the action. In addition, some Taekwondo practitioners will turn their bodies before making the next move. When they bend their bodies and then recover, they do it with their arms instead of using the elasticity of their bodies.
Seventh, breathe. Many practitioners have weak ability to control breathing in the connection between movements. They play like robots. Although they look strong and strong, such wrong breathing will do harm to the body.
2.5.3 Effective Taekwondo Quality Training Methods
Taekwondo quality training is a scientific system, and good results can be achieved through effective methods and phased training.
The first stage (accuracy training). Focus on basic movement training, and focus on mastering and standardizing basic movements and leg methods. Fully understand the quality rules and technical movements of Taekwondo.
The second stage (proficiency training). The important core of proficiency training is that the range of movements is larger, all movements are balanced, that is, the center of gravity moves stably, and finally the speed and strength reach a unified realm. This stage of training takes a long time, but the quality training process is the most important stage.
The third stage (performance training). The final stage of quality training is to practice complete quality movements. Through repeated practice, the movements achieve rigidity, urgency and relaxed rhythm. In addition, the coordination of "Qi and Force" and the correct and natural expression ability are also what practitioners want to pursue.
In each stage of practice, the focus of quality training is basic physical training, basic movements and leg techniques, and finally understand the overall process of quality training. Practitioners need to pay attention to the correctness, accuracy, balance (center of gravity moving), speed priority, movement strength (strength), proficiency, visual breathing, expression of qi, expressive force and so on. Driven by the world champion of Pinshi, Pinshi's movements are constantly improving and perfecting. It is mainly reflected in the synchronization and amplitude of action (action specification), and it also puts forward new requirements for the proficiency and fluency of action [7].
3 Taekwondo product development
3. 1 Taekwondo Competitive Product Development
Taekwondo officially became an event of the Sydney Olympic Games in 2000, and then it developed into a comprehensive martial arts sport in the world. However, Taekwondo did not attract people's attention until recent years. As early as 1992, the Korean Taekwondo Association introduced the Taekwondo Quality Competition by holding the Hammadang Conference. Since then, similar quality competitions have been held one after another, ranging from prescribed quality and self-control quality to aerobic quality and fitness quality. 1985 The European Taekwondo Championship held by the European Taekwondo Association in Turkey adopted Taekwondo as a performance event for the first time. Since then, the quality competition has been held as the official project of this competition until now. The American Taekwondo Association established Taekwondo as an official event in American international competitions in the 1990s. In 2006, the World Taekwondo Federation took Taekwondo quality as the official event of the world competition, and the first Taekwondo quality world championship was successfully held in Seoul Olympic Park. In 2009, Taekwondo became the official event of the World University Taekwondo Championship. The quality of Taekwondo is gradually developing, showing the peaceful and healthy image of Taekwondo. Taekwondo is a combination of dynamic and static, which shows the unity of internal energy and spirit.
Since 2006, China has held a national mass taekwondo competition twice a year, once a champion and once a champion. The top players in each event have the opportunity to be selected into the national quality team to represent China in the World Quality Championship. At present, all provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government have corresponding quality competitions. In addition, more and more practitioners are aware of the importance of quality and actively participate in the practice of quality. In the 5th Taekwondo World Championships, China team has gained something every time, which is a good thing for the growing Taekwondo in China, and a sublimation after long-term accumulation. In recent years, the standardized development of domestic Volkswagen Taekwondo has been accelerated, and with the intensive training before the game, the level of the contestants has been rapidly improved, and they have the conditions to compete for gold. Taekwondo is not only a contest of skill and luck, but also a contest of comprehensive literacy.
3.2 Taekwondo self-created product development
Self-made products play an important role in the development of taekwondo products. Self-created quality is the quality of adapting taekwondo skills according to your own ideas. Self-created products can be divided into basic self-created products, taekwondo exercises, taekwondo dances (gymnastics products, aerobic products, fighting products, rhythm products), and so on.
Compared with the prescribed quality, the self-created quality of Taekwondo avoids the harm brought by the prescribed quality training and is beneficial to the human body, so it has increasingly become a favorite project of many Taekwondo quality practitioners. Aerobic self-creation plays a certain role in strengthening the exercise of human heart and lung function. Supplementing a lot of oxygen can improve the function of the heart and blood vessels. Taekwondo dance (Taekwondo) is also a kind of self-created style, which is arranged into gymnastics or dance form with the help of elegant and simple style, and arouses the interest of practitioners through free movements and brisk rhythm. At present, most Taekwondo dances are popular, and they are integrated with the most popular street dance.
In recent years, our own products have a high reputation in Taekwondo competitions held at home and abroad. The Chinese Taekwondo Association has also launched a set of standard movements of the national mass Taekwondo competition, which provides more abundant training content for the majority of Taekwondo practitioners.
4 conclusion
Taekwondo has changed from a simple competitive competition to a diversified sports, and as an important branch, Taekwondo is a national fitness project with no age limit, which is highly respected by practitioners. Internationally, especially in the United States, South Korea, Germany, Iran and other places, Taekwondo has developed for more than 30 years. However, it has only been carried out in China for five years, and it is only the initial stage for a Taekwondo practitioner [8]. Most taekwondo coaches are also in the stage of improving while teaching. Most of the practitioners have only one or two years of history, mainly primary and secondary school students. After the Athens Olympic Games, China Taekwondo Association turned its attention from competitive Taekwondo to the development of mass Taekwondo, and started the training of mass Taekwondo coaches, referees, examiners and trainers one after another, so as to guide the development of China Taekwondo quality sports to international standards.
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