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What are the components of a smart city?
The new smart city refers to the use of information and communication technology to perceive, analyze and operate the key information of the whole city core system, so as to make intelligent responses to various needs including people's livelihood, environmental protection, public safety, urban services, industrial and commercial activities and so on. It is not only based on a certain technology, but a comprehensive application solution including technologies such as cloud and artificial intelligence, aiming to help cities run better and create a better life for people.

The main application fields of the new smart city include: smart government affairs, smart transportation, smart security, smart education and smart medical care.

Smart government affairs: government cloud's construction has been accelerated, and new technologies such as cloud computing, big data and AI are constantly coming to the ground.

Smart government uses cloud computing, big data, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and other technologies to achieve a high degree of integration of various resources in various functional departments through monitoring, integration, analysis and intelligent response, and improve the efficiency of government business handling and management. Through the intelligent government system, we can strengthen the supervision of functions, make the government more honest, diligent and pragmatic, improve the transparency of the government, form an efficient, flexible and convenient new government, ensure the sustainable development of the city, and establish a good urban living environment for enterprises and the public.

With the rapid development of cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence and blockchain technology, smart government has entered the stage of "architecture optimization", and the application of new technologies in storage and computing has increased significantly, providing support for government affairs, enterprises and people's livelihood service applications. Through the optimization of architecture, the original application island and data island are broken, and data sharing, intelligent decision-making and management are truly realized.

Intelligent Transportation: Based on the construction of intelligent dispatching system, it mainly meets the needs of real-time monitoring and intelligent dispatching.

Intelligent transportation is based on intelligent transportation dispatching system, which integrates IT technologies such as Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data and mobile Internet, collects and processes traffic information through information technology, and provides real-time traffic data services. With the deepening of urbanization in China, the demand for "smart transportation" projects in China is growing rapidly.

Intelligent transportation uses a large number of data processing technologies such as data model and data mining to realize systematic, real-time, interactive information exchange and extensive services. Intelligent transportation system mainly solves four application requirements. First, monitor real-time traffic, know where traffic accidents occur and where traffic congestion is, and provide it to drivers and traffic managers as quickly as possible; Second, realize the two-way communication between the driver and the dispatching management center, manage public vehicles and improve the operating efficiency of commercial vehicles, public vehicles and taxis; Third, provide all kinds of comprehensive traffic information to outbound passengers in time through multimedia and multi-terminals; Fourth, use real-time data to help drivers drive cars, or to drive cars automatically instead of drivers.

Smart security: China has entered a period of high incidence of public security incidents, and there is a strong demand for security systems such as video surveillance.

With the acceleration of economic development and urban construction, as well as the intensification of geopolitical, religious and war problems, the security problems around the world have obviously intensified, and China is also entering a period of "high incidence of public security emergencies" and "high incidence of social risks". According to public data, the annual economic losses caused by various natural disasters and accidents in China reach about 650 billion yuan, accounting for 6% of GDP. The ability to deal with major public safety emergencies is an important symbol of urban modernization. Especially in recent years, with the development of information technology, the need to build a harmonious society and a safe city, and the security needs of large-scale events and exhibitions, the demand for safe and effective management of public safety is getting stronger and stronger, and the standards are getting higher and higher.

Smart security system emphasizes the more intelligent perception of the city, mainly relying on the technology of video surveillance system. It integrates all kinds of urban video data through various wired and wireless networks, builds a huge urban security prevention and control platform, and uses cloud computing technology to store and analyze a large number of urban videos, so as to realize proactive prevention in advance, real-time perception and rapid response in the event, and rapid investigation and analysis afterwards. The advantage of intelligent security lies in timely information transmission, integrating defense, detection, alarm and recording, simple structure and wide application, which can be used by any unit or individual.

At present, the mainstream smart city solutions or platform providers in China can provide smart security solutions. The enterprises with obvious advantages in high-definition video surveillance system include Hikvision, Dahua Co., Ltd. and Shi Yu Science and Technology. At present, the typical solutions of smart security in China mainly include perception layer, transport layer, platform layer, application layer and presentation layer. The perception layer mainly undertakes the task of data collection, and the leading domestic enterprises basically have the ability to provide high-definition video surveillance systems. The transport layer mainly completes the data transmission task through communication private network and wireless technology. The platform layer mainly completes data exchange, analysis and processing. Through the support of background data, the application layer provides services such as monitoring patrol, emergency rescue, daily monitoring and early warning, and changes the passive safety management into active management.

Wisdom education: through the construction and enjoyment of high-quality educational resources, the problem of equalization and fairness of education is solved.

As one of the biggest people's livelihood, with the rapid advancement of urbanization, problems such as shortage of educational resources, uneven distribution, insufficient talent support system and imperfect social training system have begun to stand out. By introducing a new generation of information technology, we will build a smart education platform and realize the digitalization, networking, intelligence and multimedia of education; Through education portal, intelligent education learning platform and educational resource trading platform, we can realize the enjoyment of high-quality educational resources quickly and efficiently, promote the deep reform of education, teaching and management, and promote the equalization and fairness of education. Through the development of smart education, it is expected to break the current mode that education is purely invested by the government, really introduce social capital, explore corporate operation, cultivate smart education industry, build a lifelong education system with the participation of the whole people, and provide convenient, high-quality, safe and efficient education services for students and citizens.

From a technical point of view, most areas are based on cloud architecture. On the basis of Education Cloud and government cloud, we will build a unified resource center, a "smart education cloud platform, a smart learning platform and a smart education public service platform", and finally provide services to the public through a unified portal or APP.

Cloud platforms in many areas are based on the original education metropolitan area network and information equipment, providing cloud storage and cloud computing services. Wisdom education learning platform is generally an application platform to realize online learning and lifelong education. The public service platform of wisdom education is the main platform for all departments and even all citizens to provide education management services. Mainly through the basic education database for educational decision-making. Its main functions include education administration, teacher management, student management, education benefiting the people and so on. , so as to realize the horizontal and vertical interconnection of the education system and improve the level and efficiency of administrative decision-making.

In recent years, the development effect of smart education in China has become more prominent, and many regions have found new paths for innovation and development: First, the level of information infrastructure construction has improved significantly, and many regions have launched smart education portals or applications. In some developed areas, the construction of digital campus projects has been improved, and many cities have realized the networking, digitization and virtualization of teaching, scientific research, management and public services. Among them, the education cloud is the focus of smart education investment. In some cities, government procurement and leasing services have changed the traditional mode of government building computer rooms, which not only saves money, but also reduces the pressure of construction and operation, ensuring that the cloud platform is always in a leading position in technology.

Second, smart education has helped many regions to establish a unified data pool of educational resources. The resource database integrates educational resources and system software resources into a platform, and breaks the boundary of traditional education informatization through a one-stop all-round resource service model. Up, the platform provides basic conditions for the enjoyment and trading of educational resources; down, it collects, precipitates and manages various data. At the same time, through the opening of Education Cloud and government cloud, it has created conditions for citizens' online learning space certification.

Third, smart education balances high-quality educational resources and services. Through the intelligent learning platform, a large number of high-quality teaching resources can be popularized quickly, efficiently, at low cost and on a large scale by means of information technology, which to some extent alleviates the hot issues such as school choice and family education that citizens pay attention to and helps to realize the equalization of educational resources.

Smart medical care: the focus of construction has shifted from HIS to clinical informatization, and the horizontal entry of capital and cloud merchants has accelerated.

In addition to education, medical services are also an important shortcoming in the current urbanization process. Due to the imperfection of domestic public medical management system, the problems of high medical expenses, few channels and low coverage plague people's livelihood. Problems such as overcrowding in large hospitals, unattended community hospitals and complicated procedures for patients' treatment are all caused by poor medical information, polarization of medical resources and imperfect medical supervision mechanism, which have become important factors affecting the harmonious development of society. The government has always attached great importance to the allocation of information resources in the medical field, and the construction of smart medical care is an important content.

In 20 15, the General Office of the State Council promulgated the Outline of the National Medical and Health Service System Planning (20 15-2020), pointing out that "the Healthy China Cloud Service Plan will be launched, and new technologies such as mobile Internet, Internet of Things, cloud computing and wearable devices will be actively applied to promote health information services and smart medical services that benefit the whole people, and the application of health big data will be gradually transformed. Smart medical care is an important means to promote Huimin medical care. By using information technology, we can build a platform system, reduce the waiting time of patients, and provide fair, safe, convenient and high-quality medical services for patients by providing convenient means of payment.

Smart medical care consists of three parts, namely, smart hospital system, regional health system and family health system.

(1) Smart Hospital System. The system is mainly used to realize the collection, storage, processing, extraction and data exchange of patients' diagnosis and treatment information and management information, and the services it can provide include remote consultation, automatic alarm, clinical decision-making system and intelligent prescription.

(2) Regional health system. The system includes two parts: regional health platform and public health system. The former mainly collects, processes and transmits all information recorded by communities, hospitals, medical and scientific research institutions and health supervision departments, and can provide services such as basic treatment of general diseases, community care of chronic diseases, upward referral of serious diseases, receiving and resuming referrals, and scientific research management. The latter mainly provides public health services such as epidemic monitoring.

(3) Family health care system. The system is the most personal health protection for citizens, including remote medical treatment for patients who can't be sent to hospital, remote nursing for patients with chronic diseases, old and young, health monitoring for special people such as mental retardation, disability and infectious diseases, and an intelligent medication system that automatically prompts medication time, contraindications and remaining dosage.

Judging from the current development model of smart medical care, the government is still the main body of investment, and the focus is mainly on the informationization of hospitals. There is still a big gap in fundamentally improving the serious shortage of medical services. Judging from the construction progress of smart hospital system, the popularity of HIS system has obviously increased, and the construction focus has shifted to clinical management informationization (CIS), but the income structure of hospital informationization based on hardware will not change in the short term. Domestic smart medical providers mainly include Neusoft Group, Donghua Software, Weining Health and Wanda Information. These enterprises account for about 40% of the national smart medical care, but the overall bargaining power of the industry is not strong and regionalization is obvious, and they have not yet formed a national competitive enterprise.

With the expected rise of the linkage of three medical services (medical care, medical insurance and medicine) and the liberalization of the payment policy for medical insurance in different places, the motivation for e-commerce and capital to enter the field of smart medical care has been significantly strengthened. In 20 18, Ali founded Ali Health and "Medical Cloud" services, and Tencent also accelerated its layout in the field of smart medical care. Both companies directly participate in professional smart medical service providers in the secondary market, among which Tencent participates in Donghua Software and Ali participates in Weining Health; In the H-share market, medical information service institutions landed safely in the capital market, and Ali Health also completed its major asset restructuring, fully injecting the health service e-commerce business into listed companies.