Hello, everyone. Today I'm going to tell you something about quality awareness.
You may have heard too much about quality theory, or you may not remember anything. After all, like me, you are not a theoretical student, and you are not very interested in these boring theories.
Then let's change the way and discuss high-quality answers from the questions that everyone really cares about.
There is no training today, and I am not a teacher. I know no more than everyone else, but I may know a little more than everyone else. So let's take this out and taste the quality together.
Today's information is a summary of my work experience in recent years, which is not systematic. I just hope it can give you a guide and think about whether there are still some imperfections in the actual work of our company, or whether those things are not in place (including the work behavior of leaders and individuals)
Back to the point:
Slide 1: I want to start by asking questions, so I define this information as "seeking good answers".
The second slide:
These questions are "What is quality?" "How did the quality come from?" "What effect does quality have on me?" "QC is always picking on me?" "What the hell should we do?"
This series of problems may also be often considered in our work. So what's the answer to quality?
First look at the word "quality".
The third slide:
Structurally, quality is the first "+"symbol of "factory", and there is a "shell" below it. We can regard the factory as our company, and Shell is an ancient coin, so Shell must establish the support of quality, which extends to the concept of cost. "Quantity" refers to both "quantity" and "monitoring and measurement".
Generally speaking, in our manufacturing industry, the development of enterprises needs to rely on products with market, monitor and measure the process of product realization, and strive to control costs in order to achieve profits. This method of enterprise development is also the most basic.
The fourth slide:
"What is quality?" Let's start with its definition: the definition of ISO9000: quality is the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics meet the requirements.
Here we emphasize "inherent characteristics" and "requirements".
"Inherent characteristics" refers to the inherent characteristics of things or products, especially those with permanent characteristics. For example, our company's battery can provide a stable power supply and can charge and discharge itself, and its capacity is its inherent characteristic.
The opposite of inherent characteristics is "natural characteristics", which are not inherent in things, but artificially defined later, such as the price of batteries.
These two characteristics can sometimes be transformed into each other. For example, some service industries require timeliness, and the timeliness of distribution is an inherent feature of the logistics industry.
About "demand": express, implied or necessary demand or expectation.
Obviously, it needs to be stipulated. For example, in the contract or purchase agreement, some dimensions and specifications of products are clearly required.
The implication is that there is no need for special provisions, which is a common sense or a routine practice.
Mandatory: refers to the requirements of laws and regulations or some mandatory requirements. For example, food needs to comply with the Food Safety Law.
For the "requirements", I personally have another view:
From the perspective of the system itself, this 9000 system is a requirement put forward by western developed countries to developing countries when enterprises reach a certain management level.
Therefore, disguised "quality" can also be defined as: quality is the level of a set of inherent characteristics that meet the relevant requirements of developed countries.
The fifth slide:
Look at this quality ring, end to end: quality can be measured, quality is everywhere, and quality can be learned.
Quality can be measured:
1: Now many enterprises are implementing target policy management. It is a principle that targets can be measured, and it is best to quantify any target setting. Because the ambiguous goal is neither achievable nor convincing.
2. Monitoring and measurement only talk about product monitoring and measurement, which should be carried out at all stages of product realization (characteristics) to confirm that product requirements are met. (Whether the planned results are satisfied)
Quality is everywhere:
1: stages of quality development: quality inspection stage, statistical quality control stage and total quality management stage. Regardless of the first two stages, let's explain the stages of total quality management: the so-called total quality management is a management method that takes quality management as the center and all employees participate as the basis to realize the interests of interested parties and achieve long-term success. From TQ "C" to TQ "M", the importance of "management" is prominent.
2. Full participation. A content of quality management principle, full participation, including the participation of senior, middle and front-line employees in quality management.
3. TS16949. This system integrates the essence of lean production of QS9000 AVSQ VDA, and puts forward different requirements from manpower, equipment, environment, information to products, internal and external customers, suppliers, managers and grass-roots employees.
For example, the ability of the person (operator or QC) who affects the product quality is required. Our company's operators should hold relevant certificates, and constantly accept assessment and training.
Quality can be learned:
1: In management, we can learn from foreign advanced management models, such as six-sigma management, TPS lean production, or advanced management methods in the same industry.
2. Personally, I think we should do a good job in quality management in personal career development and job choice. We should learn the knowledge and skills of quality management.
Of course, whether it's corporate behavior or your personal behavior, learning is not a simple imitation, and applying what you have learned is the goal to be achieved.
Slide 6:
The content of this slide is also my own summary. (right or wrong, we won't pursue it. )
I define it as the quality trilogy, not the Zhu Lan trilogy.
A spiral staircase with "thinking quality" at the bottom, "behavior quality" at the top and "result quality" at the top.
How about this staircase? It does not rise and fall in a straight line, but rotates. The moral is that the road is not straight and there will be many detours to reach the destination.
Then the three steps are unfolded in turn:
Slide 7: "How should we think? What are you thinking? "
List a lot of words: guidelines, policies, planning, resources, processes, training. ......
1: policy
Every enterprise will have a policy, which is an overall guiding ideology and direction of enterprise development. For example, the policy of our enterprise is: customer satisfaction, quality first, seeking truth from facts, innovation and continuous improvement. The quality policy can be written into the quality manual in the way required by the system, and the policy should be familiar to all employees of the enterprise.
2. Policy
The close combination of government principles and policies, regardless of government behavior, also has its class side, which is also fundamental. Needless to say, each of us can experience the policies and behaviors of our company at all levels of management.
Step 3 plan
PDCA cycle, also known as pdsa, plans, executes, checks and acts. This is also an essential principle of quality management activities, and any quality behavior can be carried out accordingly. Then the planning at this stage is very important. Without a plan, the action will be busy and have no goal.
It sounds like this word is a bit empty for everyone. In fact, each of us is planning, such as how much you want to spend in advance to buy a dress, what brand, what style, what color and so on. These are your plans to buy clothes. As long as someone acts artificially, there must be a plan.
In terms of quality, more planning is needed. Such as product realization process, between processes and so on.
4. Resources
There are many resources, such as equipment, raw materials, labor, information and factories, and the application of social environment also belongs to the category of resources. Manufacturing is to integrate these resources through management to achieve profits.
5. Process
Any input process and output action can be summarized as this model. Each process can also contain subprocesses. Any act of converting input into output can be considered as a process.
The product realization process is like the production steps of the product development and production department of the technical department.
Support processes, such as personnel recruitment in purchasing management department.
6. Supplier customers
These two parts are one after the other, and there are two principles in the quality system, namely, paying attention to customers and the mutually beneficial relationship with suppliers.
These are also two concerns.
Suppliers can be internal or external. The internal supplier is the last operation. The provider of all factors in the man-machine material law is the supplier.
Customer: It can also be internal or external. Internal customers are the next process. Of course, the boss can also be a customer. Departments can also be customers for each other and accept centralized management of one thing. The biggest customer is the society or the government, because it must first meet the requirements of laws and regulations.
For example, the discharge of our waste liquid should comply with the relevant sewage treatment regulations of Tianjin Environmental Protection Bureau.
7: requirements. I've already said that. Not much to say.
8. Leadership
Sometimes, we may also think of our leaders, which is a topic often talked about in an organization. What kind of leader is, which reflects the cohesion of a team.
9: Target
Everyone has personally experienced the goal, for example, the output of each of us every day is the personal work goal. Achievement rate, etc.
I don't want to tell you too much about the goal theory, as long as you understand what the goal of this department is.
10: standard
Standards are the product of standardization actions.
Every activity should be measured by standards.
1 1: key quality characteristics
This is a very important content in the product manufacturing process. It is also the most concerned part of our daily quality work.
Special characteristics can be understood as that if a certain performance exceeds the specified requirements (negative impact), the whole product will lose its function or have a fatal impact on safety.
For example, battery capacity and internal resistance are key quality characteristics.
12: responsibilities and obligations
This is easy to understand.
As the saying goes, do what you should do in your daily work.
13: After the training, I said to find someone.
In fact, this is also an act. But we must think ahead.
"Education begins and education ends" is a famous saying of Kaoru Ishikawa in Japan.
I don't like the word "education". I feel that training is better. Quality personnel, grass-roots operators (especially key quality characteristic process-key process) and special post personnel should be trained and assessed to make them qualified.
Got paid.
This is also "what do we think?" The most direct answer to this question. Our ultimate goal is to improve the quality of life.
These are all our thoughts. That's all I have to sum up. You can expand and go deeper.
The eighth slide:
What should we do?
Also list a few words. Control plan, process requirements, work instructions, morale, equipment maintenance, self-inspection, mutual inspection, special inspection, timely report, improve methods, and mark the site at the first time.
Also explain one by one:
1: control plan
The sitting team leader should remember this control plan, which describes the control measures needed at each stage of the process. And pay attention to the implementation of methods and measures in practical work.
2. Process documentation
This is most directly related to our daily work. Every time we produce a model, we should check the process documents, which stipulate the steps required by the product and the requirements of size, appearance and performance. And its tolerance requirements are specified. It is the direct result of product planning.
3. Statement of work
It was made after the control plan. It teaches us what to do and how to do it.
4. Morale
Very important.
I often say: "Don't bring your bad mood to work". This is also a taboo at work.
We might as well give an example:
On the eve of the Spring Festival last year, how many people were depressed because they couldn't go home? Everyone here can think about what they were feeling at that time.
A person is in the highest mood on the eve of a holiday and is not in the mood to work.
Form a curve with low ends and high middle in one week.
On the other hand, motivation is more effective than any punishment, and the cheapest reward is based on praise.
Everyone wants to be affirmed. Because everyone has this psychological need to be affirmed. (A brief introduction to the theory of scientific behavior)
Therefore, it is suggested that every team leader and your employees should not complain blindly when they make mistakes. A word of comfort is more effective than any punishment or warning. You might as well try it, which is also an improvement of your management ability.
5: Equipment maintenance
Manufacturing can't achieve anything without equipment, just like people's two arms and two legs.
What do you think you can do if these two parts are scrapped?
So the equipment should be maintained.
Equipment maintenance includes 1: preventive maintenance and predictive maintenance.
Preventive maintenance is the implementation of the most basic requirements of equipment, such as spare parts and lubricating oil.
Predictive maintenance needs to analyze the daily SPC results. In our company, there are engineers to finish the work, unless I talk to you directly, I won't talk about it. All you have to do is to pay attention to the equipment instructions.
6. Self-inspection, mutual inspection and special inspection
The quality management system is called "Three Inspection System".
Self-examination is to review one's work. Cross-check different operators of upper and lower processes or similar processes to check each other. Special inspection is more done by QC.
7. Timely reporting
Mentioned obligations and responsibilities in advance. This timely report is also your responsibility, which reflects a function of quality management. Here we take the tower as one of the practical actions.
Even if there are small problems, as long as they cannot be solved, they should be reported to the leaders or field engineers in time to avoid big hidden dangers.
8. Improve the method
Eternal topic, endless improvement.
Think about it, there is no better way for your process. Bring it up.
9. Get things right the first time.
There may be something wrong with my sentence here, but I can't find a more suitable classification.
This sentence is the famous saying of Mr. crosby, an American quality scientist, and it is also the guiding ideology of zero defect.
We know that it is the most economical to do things right the first time.
I especially hope that everyone will take this sentence as their code of conduct in their future life and work. It is helpful to you personally.
10: 5S site
Everyone is doing this job every day, sorting out and cleaning up the cleaning habits.
The first four S's are practical and practical; The latter habit is to retreat, which is the direct result of the former 4S.
I understand 5S in one sentence: the "housework" management of the factory. You don't get a second chance to make a first impression.
1 1: mark it.
Quite important. It can also be regarded as a content of kanban management, and its purpose is to give others and themselves a clear signal.
The identification of product status avoids the unexpected use of unqualified products, and the identification of equipment status avoids the misuse and mixing of equipment. Wait a minute.
So up to now, the first two songs have been written.
From thinking to action, I hope everyone will restrain themselves with a criterion, think more about why, and work hard for good results, or high-quality results.
Let's talk about the quality of the results: (Slide 9)
It goes without saying that if you do well or work hard, God of nature (enterprises, customers and your own conscience) will take care of you.
Last slide: I used some characters to compare "quality people in your eyes"
Doctor: There are two roles.
A doctor who treats diseases.
Health care doctor
Policeman: It also includes two roles.
A policeman who catches thieves.
fire alarm
Almighty warrior: (the image of Nezha)
What do you think is the role of this colleague in the quality department of our company? Let's think for ourselves.
Thank you!