1. Emergency management: the whole process management before, during and after the incident.
The object of emergency management is public emergencies, that is, emergencies that occur suddenly and cause or may cause heavy casualties, property losses, ecological environment damage and serious social harm, endangering public safety; The main goal of emergency management is to "prevent and reduce losses caused by incidents". The whole process of emergency management should cover all emergency management links before, after, during and after the incident, including forecasting and early warning, information reporting, emergency response, emergency disposal, recovery and reconstruction, investigation and evaluation, etc.
It can be seen that forecasting and early warning is the starting point of emergency management; At present, China has always emphasized the problem of "prevention first, and the gateway moves forward", that is, "prediction and early warning". The main purpose of forecasting and early warning (that is, the starting point of emergency management) is to prevent the existing "potential hazards" from turning into "emergencies". Although the scope of emergency management has been expanded to "prevention" at present, the focus of management is still public emergencies. In this sense, emergency management is still relatively passive. Therefore, to promote the transformation of emergency management from "passive response" to "active protection", it should be carried out at a more basic and fundamental level, that is, efforts should be made in "risk management".
2. Risk management: the "gateway moves forward again" in emergency management.
"Risk" includes two basic elements: adverse consequences and possibility. Among them, "adverse consequences" include subjective and objective aspects, that is, possible objective losses (casualties, economic losses, environmental impact, etc.). ) and possible subjective influence (crowd psychological influence, social influence, political influence, etc.). ).
Risk management is mainly to prevent uncertainty and possibility in advance, to prevent or reduce possible losses, to prevent and deal with losses caused by uncertainty from a more fundamental level, to achieve the real "gateway forward" of emergency management, and to achieve the purpose of nip in the bud.
In terms of efficacy, risk management can fundamentally avoid losses more than emergency management. The best effect of risk management is to prevent in advance, that is, to avoid and reduce the interaction between human activities and "catastrophic" environment as much as possible, that is, to minimize the possibility of disaster factors, so as to prevent losses at the most fundamental level; Once the "risk source" appears, the main task of risk management becomes to evaluate and analyze the possibility of risk occurrence and the probability of loss occurrence, so as to reduce, reduce and eliminate the degree of these possibilities and probabilities through corresponding means and achieve the purpose of preventing losses. Risk management is to identify, identify and evaluate the "risk sources" that may lead to losses, and adopt a systematic approach to deal with risks in order to achieve the purpose of prevention, prevent risks from occurring at the source or reduce possible losses, and optimize management as a whole. However, emergency management is to regroup resources according to the established plan or scheme after the "incident" occurs, and it is usually made under limited time and information pressure, so it is difficult to ensure the scientific and optimal allocation of resources.
The end point of risk management includes the following two parts:
(1) If the risk source is successfully eliminated or controlled, it will re-enter the starting point of normal management and risk management (i.e. risk management preparation stage).
(2) If the risk disposal fails, the "hidden danger" will be transformed into an "emergency" and will immediately enter the emergency management procedure.
Therefore, the end point of risk management is the starting point of emergency management (prediction and early warning).
Because the root of public emergencies lies in risks, effective risk management helps to achieve the goal of "spending a small amount of money on prevention instead of spending a lot of money on treatment". At present, the importance of risk management in emergency management is not enough, so we must move forward again, that is, from the current focus on the management of public emergencies to the management of both events and risks. On this basis, we can realize the positive transformation of emergency management from passive to advanced, so as to avoid and reduce the occurrence of risk sources and public emergencies to the maximum extent. In order to achieve the goal of "moving forward" of emergency management, it is necessary to achieve advanced prevention in the risk management stage, and fundamentally prevent and reduce the generation of risk sources and disaster-causing factors. Therefore, establish and improve the mechanisms and rules related to risk management and emergency management to ensure the effective connection between them.
The main emergency management training in Dongguan is to look for competition as safety.
A major emergency management training course was specially set up for safety. This course aims to improve the emergency knowledge level and the ability to deal with emergencies of enterprise emergency managers. By taking part in this training, students can formulate emergency strategies and action plans timely and accurately according to the main emergency scenarios and the company's emergency plan, so as to minimize the losses caused by emergency accidents.
Contents of Emergency Management Training Course for Major Emergencies in Dongguan
Module 1: Emergency management is one of the cores of safety management.
Module 2: Emergency Preparedness
Module 3: Legal and Regulatory Requirements for Emergency Management
Module 4: Emergency Response Procedure
Module 5: Emergency Resources
Module 6: Management of Emergency Control Center
Module 7: Emergency Management Scenario Exercise
The course pays attention to both theory and practice, so that students can master the core points of major emergency management in practice.