Fire control work focuses on prevention. Everyone should master the basic knowledge of fire prevention, fire fighting and self-help and escape, and learn? How to prevent fire? 、? How to put out the fire? 、? How to escape? . If the fire prevention work is done well, the probability of fire is very small; The fire broke out, and if it can be put out in time, it will not spread; If you master some basic escape knowledge, you can escape from the fire scene smoothly.
Common sense of fire safety:
1. When a fire breaks out, keep calm, observe and identify the fire as quickly as possible, make clear the danger degree of your environment, quickly find out whether the evacuation passage is blocked by fireworks, make a correct judgment according to the fire, and choose the best escape route and method.
2. If the escape route is full of smoke, cover your face with a wet towel or clothes to prevent or reduce the inhalation of toxic smoke, and move forward in a low posture or low posture.
3. When choosing the escape route, the simplest and safest passage should be given priority according to the fire situation. For example, there is a fire on the floor, safety evacuation stairs, outdoor evacuation stairs, ordinary stairs and so on. You should choose first. If these passages have been cut off by fireworks, roof windows, balconies, downpipes, lightning wires, etc. You should consider running away.
Sometimes the stairs are on fire, but the fire is not big. At this time, you can wrap them in wet quilts and blankets and rush through the fire. Although people may be slightly injured, life can be avoided. In this case, make up your mind early and don't hesitate, otherwise the fire will get bigger and bigger and you will lose the chance to escape.
Basic knowledge of fire safety:
Remember the telephone numbers of 1 and 1 19, and report the fire alarm timely and accurately. Everyone must remember the fire alarm number 1 19 clearly. In case of fire, or fire, don't dial the wrong number to avoid wasting rescue time. If you dial the wrong number, there will be no signal when you dial back, and the consequences will be particularly serious. In case of fire, call the police at the first time. Moreover, we must accurately report the location of the fire at the first time, and do not report the wrong location, which will bring difficulties to the rescue.
2, the safe use of liquefied gas, often check more alert. Many old or remote communities have not been connected with natural gas, and many families are using liquefied gas, which is easy to cause gas leakage. Therefore, in the process of use, everyone must follow the correct steps and often check the equipment used to prevent gas leakage and avoid fire.
How to use a fire extinguisher:
1, when using portable dry powder fire extinguishers, you should carry portable fire extinguishers and rush to the fire site quickly.
2. Put down the fire extinguisher about 5 meters away from the fire point. When used outdoors, it should be in the windward direction.
3. Before use, turn the fire extinguisher upside down several times to loosen the dry powder in the steel cylinder.
4. If a built-in or pressure-storage dry powder fire extinguisher is used, first unplug the safety pin, hold the nozzle with one hand and press the handle with the other hand, and the dry powder will be sprayed from the nozzle.
5. If an external dry powder fire extinguisher is used, hold the nozzle with one hand and hold the handle with the other hand, and the dry powder will be sprayed from the nozzle.
6. Put out the scattered liquid fire with dry powder fire extinguisher, and put out the fire from the side. Aim at the root of the flame, spray from near to far, from left to right, and advance quickly until the flame is completely extinguished.
7. When using dry powder fire extinguisher to extinguish flammable liquid fire in the container, aim at the root of the flame from the side of the flame and shoot from left to right. When the flame is driven out of the container, it should move forward quickly to put out all remaining fires. When putting out the fire, be careful not to aim the nozzle directly at the fire source.
How to escape and save yourself:
1, escape early. Under normal circumstances, it only takes more than ten minutes for the fire to burn wildly, leaving people with very short escape time. Therefore, in the event of a fire, you must not bury your head in rescuing family property and lead to tragedy, but flee quickly.
2. Protect the respiratory system. When you escape, wet towels, clothes, cloth strips and other items with water, and cover your nose and mouth with them to avoid coma or poisoning caused by smoke and the danger of suffocation caused by hot air burning respiratory soft tissue. If the smoke is heavy, crawl forward with your knees and elbows on the ground.
3. Evacuate from the tunnel. Such as evacuation stairs, fire elevators and outdoor evacuation stairs. You can also consider using windows, balconies, roofs, lightning wires, downpipes, etc.
4. Slide with a rope. Use strong ropes or tear curtains, sheets and bedding into strips, twist them into ropes, soak them in water and tie them to strong pipes, window frames and bedsteads. Trapped people will slide down the rope one by one to the next floor or the ground.
5, low-rise jump, suitable for the second floor. Before jumping, throw some soft items such as quilts, pillows, mattresses and coats on the ground so that? Soft landing? Then grab the window with your hands, and your body will droop and slide down naturally, shortening the jumping height. But don't jump tall buildings, because jumping from the height of 10 meters (three stories high) rarely leads to survival. To this end, the most important thing is to ask for help. You should immediately wet the sheets and bedding with water, and block the doors and windows with it to prevent smoke from infiltrating. At the same time, we should constantly splash water on sheets and bedding to prevent them from drying out.